Metaphysical poetry comes into being as a kind of rebellion against the precedent of Golden Poetry. "Not only is it extremely difficult to define metaphysical poetry, but difficult to decide what poets practise it and in which of their verses" (Eliot.)
If we try to define the Metaphysical Poetry we can say that it is poetry that moves from the image to the conceit, from the visual to beyond the visual. George Herbert was among a group of poets together with John Donne, Andrew Marvell, Abraham Cowley and more, who were considered metaphysical poets. "It is difficult to find any precise use of metaphor, simile, or other conceit, which is common to all the poets and at the same time important enough as an element of style to isolate these poets as a group" (Eliot.) "It is to be observed that the language of these poets is as a rule simple and pure; in the verse of George Herbert this simplicity is carried as far as it can go--a simplicity emulated without success by numerous modern poets. The structure of the sentences, on
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We can see that same unorthodox usage of a banal concept such as love in another Metaphisical poet: John Donne. Donne in his poems also uses very unconventional ways to describe love, and also was criticized by Jonson for his unconventional method. In his poem "A Valediction Forbidding Mourning", he uses ideas from the world of mathematics and geography (a compass) in order to describe the two lovers. For Jonson it is a “combination of dissimilar images, the most heterogeneous ideas are yoked by violence together." Namely, he sees no connection between compasses and lovers. Herbert, in his poems, uses this simple idea of love and transcends it into something
One of Andrew Marvell’s techniques was metaphysical poetry, e.g. ‘vegetable love should grow’ and things contrasting between the physical and spiritual.
Poetry in some way, shape or form, gives realistic ideas to even objects that reflect upon a part of life by using symbolism and personification.
Metaphysical poets use a lot of elaborate and extended comparisons. They wrote energetic and vigorous poems that went against the common literature of the time. There are
A poem is a piece of writing that partakes of the nature of both speech and song that is nearly always rhythmical, usually metaphorical, and that often exhibits such formal elements as meter, rhyme, and stanza structure. In her poem, “Variations of the Word ‘“love”’,” Margaret Atwood introduces to her audience the word “love” from many different perspectives. Google defines “love” as “an intense feeling of deep affection”, or “having a deep feeling or sexual attachment to (someone).” But “love” is not something that can easily be described. Atwood goes on to present and portray the word through different illustrations, beginning with cliché examples and ending with her own personal scenarios. The author’s tone and metaphorical language effectively conveys her perspective of “love”.
The two poems “Magic of Love” by Helen Farries and “Love Poem” by John Frederick Nims are both poems with the central theme of love. The ways that these two authors express this theme differ significantly from each other and show two spectrums of love in literature. Through their use of syntax, diction, rhyme, and meter, these poets portray love in a unique and personal manner that illicit specific emotions from the reader for a variety of possible reasons, which will be analyzed in this essay.
Eliot uses metaphor to relate accessible, physical entities and concepts to more abstract themes present in the poem. In
Love can be quite a difficult topic to write about, expressing one’s intimate and innermost emotions requires a great level of dedication and honesty. If done correctly, the outcome is truly stunning. John Donne’s “A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning” and Katherine Philips’s “To Mrs. M.A. at Parting” are two masterpieces of this genre. These poems depict the concept of true love so meticulously that the reader cannot help but envy the relationships presented. Perhaps the reason that these works are so effective is due to the fact that they are incredibly similar to each other. Although some differences are present when it comes to structure and gender concerns, the poems share the same theme of love on a spiritual level and show many parallels in meaning.
11. A poet can work its magic on the reader by “choice of images, music of the language, idea content, and cleverness of wordplay” (Foster 17).
There are several poems written about love, romance, and lust during the sixteen and seventeenth century. All of these poems have a different style to them, but most share one theme; the goal to seduce their love. John Donne was no except to this common theme. Although Donne was raised in a devout Catholic household, his poetry would say he tried to commit a few sins in his lifetime, and even tried to have others to commit them with him. Some of his poems depict the chase of girl only to receive opposite feelings from her. An example of this is his poem, “The Flea.” Donne faces rejection when he is in the pursuit for his love, but Donne doesn’t accept it passively and aggressively continues his quest for her.
For example, in the poem “Pity The Beautiful” by Dana Gioia, it talks about love but in a very different way than most interpret the idea of love. He says, at the beginning of the poem
“The relationship between the energies of the inquiring mind that an intelligent reader brings to the poem and the poem’s refusal to yield a single comprehensive interpretation enacts vividly the everlasting intercourse between the human mind, with its instinct to organise and harmonise, and the baffling powers of the universe about it.”
George Herbert (1593 - 1633), born later than John Donne (1572 - 1631), largely followed Donne’s poetic style, however incorporating slight changes: the diction that is evident in Herbert’s poetry is much simpler than Donne’s diction, and the metaphors are also easier to comprehend. What both have in common, is the colloquial manner, the logic arrangement of the poems argument and therefore the persuasive nature of the poetry. In Donne’s poetry, this logical arrangement
Metaphysical poets use startling juxtapositions in their poetry to create a greater significance in their arguments and intended meanings throughout the poem. John Donne is said to be the unsurpassed metaphysical poet, metaphysical poetry being poetry relating to a group of 17-century English poets whose verse is typified by an intellectually arduous style, admitting extended metaphors and comparing very disparate things. In 17th century England new discoveries were being made and social customs such as men being the dominant over women still applied. Through Donne’s poetry we can see that he is goaded and confused by the new discoveries and the social customs avert him from reaching his desires. This is incalculably recognized in his
Many of John Donne's poems contain metaphysical conceits and intellectual reasoning to build a deeper understanding of the speaker's emotional state. A metaphysical conceit can be defined as an extended, unconventional metaphor between objects that appear to be unrelated. Donne is exceptionally good at creating unusual unions between different elements in order to illustrate his point and form a persuasive argument in his poems.
When reading T.S. Eliot’s critical comment, “It is to be observed that the language of these poets is as a rule simple and pure,” one might assume that he was referring to the Romantics (Eliot 2328). Specifically, we could apply this statement to poets the ilk of Wordsworth, who eschewed poetic affectations and “tricked out” language for sentiments that originated and flowed naturally (Wordsworth 270). Yet Eliot hadn’t focused his critical eye there, this time. Rather, he squinted a century back to a lesser-referenced literary group, the Metaphysical poets (Eliot 2328). That the Metaphysical poets and the Romantics share a characteristically simple/natural diction is important. While they are undoubtedly