Assess the Reasons for the success of the First Crusade The success of the first crusade was due to both Byzantine and Islamic factors. Pope Urban II’s passionate call for arms at the Council of Clermont, the extreme faith and dedication exerted by the crusaders and the disunity between the Muslim leaders enabled the crusaders to attack when the Islamic kingdom was weak, enabling them to capture the most sought after city, Jerusalem. A key defining factor was the disunity amongst the Muslim states. After the death of Malik Shah, local warlords seized the opportunity to build up their own power bases. This therefore meant that the Muslim world was in complete chaos and the lands in which the crusaders would have to march through were very …show more content…
Pope Urban’s passionate call to arms, whether rich or poor, created a huge influx of people from all walks of life. As Christian ideology within the period was dominated by the belief in heaven and hell, the notion that embarking on a crusade, and completing the crusade, evoked a sense of unity and determination which proved key in the crusade, especially during arduous times. During the gruelling 7 month capture of Antioch, the crusaders were then besieged by Kerbogha’s forces. The crusaders were both tired, starving and thirsty however they still fought throughout the night to keep Kerbogha’s forces out. The motivation was further increased by the claim that Peter Bartholomew had found The Holy Lance. Though Kerbogha’s army was one of the most powerful in the Sunni Caliphate, the motivation from the crusaders, who believed that the lance was a sign from God, motivated them to fight on. The crusaders easily could have deserted but, due to the strength of their faith, they defeated Kerbogha’s forces on the 28th June. It was their faith which encouraged the Crusaders to go forth and to face the enemy head on instead of giving up. It is widely believed that the undoubted faith which made the crusaders embark on their journey is one of the key factors which carried them to
The First Crusade was determined by political and economic desires that not only noblemen, but townspeople had. This concept was brought up many times during the crusade. Primarily during Pope Urban's speech, and also during the journey, as religious motives shifted into more selfish desires. During this time period, Alexius I was in desperate need of a skilled military to defend the holy land, Jerusalem, from being invaded. This need is because Jerusalem was the glue that kept the Byzantine Empire from collapsing.
The Crusades had some religious hatred behind them. They would sometimes turn their fury against Jews. They had an economy that was built up to be better. Some Crusaders attracted people by the adventures, estates, and commercial opportunities. They had a negative impact on the 4th crusade, because they sacked the city and destroyed it.
As the ragtag army set out on their campaign, one of their most important goals was retaking Jerusalem. Also, the Pope claimed that the crusaders would be fighting the “Holy War” to win back Jerusalem, which was closely associated with the Christian idea of heaven and the apocalyptic war. According to the Bible, “The New Jerusalem appeared only after the final cosmic war between good and evil, after the plagues, the persecutions, the death, the destruction” (Document 3). Pope Urban convinced people that the Crusades were the prophesied apocalyptic war, and this news motivated many crusaders to campaign. The crusaders assumed that in order for the “New Jerusalem” to appear, they must attack and reconquer the holy lands, kicking off the apocalyptic holy war by battling the “evil” Muslims.
The Christian had a weak hold on the holy land for nearly a century when Saladin began uniting the Muslim armies. When the Christians and Muslims met at the battle of Hattin, the Muslims were able to win because of Saladin. This was the turning point for the crusades because three months later the Muslims conquered the city of Jerusalem.
The main objective of the first crusade was overcome by a secondary objective which later became the reason why we call it the First Crusade. The initial objective was to respond to the Byzantine Emperor who requested western volunteers to help fight against invading Turks. In The reconquest of jerusalem and the holy land soon became the main objective of the Crusade. Pope Urban in 1095 called upon his people telling them to go jerusalem and liberate the church of God out of devotion and not for honor and wealth. Calling the crusade increased the popes standings in a papacy which was struggling at the time due to the investiture controversy. During this time, religion was very important and people took it very seriously. Jerusalem was the
Hoping that the Pope would accede to his wishes, Alexius looked to rectify the Turkish invasions. November of 1095 Urban II consented to Alexius' request and called all to aid of their fellow Christians who had been attacked by the Turks. Perhaps having various other reasons for aiding Alexius, the sole reason that seems to stand out is that of healing relations between the Eastern and Western Church which had been severed after the Great Schism. To what extent the Crusades were successful is debatable. Ultimately, however, the Crusades did not manage to heal the split between the Eastern and Western Church, but did manage to strengthen the Roman Catholic Church and simultaneously accelerated trade and gave huge economic gains to Western Europe. In other words, the Crusades were a successful failure.
Many have priorly stated that history repeats itself time and time again. This can be seen throughout history but, especially so during the Crusades. This paper will discuss the parallels between the First and Fourth Crusade. We will also take a brief look at the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade and how it compares to the aftermath of the Second Crusade.
Propaganda has been used overtime to manipulate people or nation into believing certain ideas. The Indian Removal Act is a historical example of propaganda manipulating people. The Indian Removal Act was to get the Native Americans living in the southeast side of the Mississippi River to move to the west side of it. Congressed passed the Indian Removal Act so that the Europeans living on the west side of the Mississippi River would get to live on the southeast and the Native Americans would go live on the west. The southeast side of the Mississippi River had rich soil that made farming easier, which allowed living there to also be easier. The west side of Mississippi River was the opposite of the southeast. The west side was dry and unsuitable
The First Crusades was a military group that was started by Christians in Europe who wanted to gain back the Holy Land that was being occupied by the Muslims. Pope Urban II preached a sermon at Clermont Ferrand on November 1095. Most histories consider this speech to be the spark the fueled a wave of military campaigns to gain back the Holy Land. This speech was meant to unite the Europeans and to gain back what was taken from them. The holy land was a small area on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. The First Crusades was a very successful military expedition that was driven by religious faith to reclaim Jerusalem and other holy places that fell under Muslim control. driven by religious faith. They wanted to gain back the Holy Land that was once theirs. Arabs and the Muslim Turks otherwise known as the Seljuk Turks were the Muslims that invaded and conquered land rightfully occupied by the Christian’s. Many European men, women, and children joined the Crusades and fought in the Middle East. Pope Urban II granted forgiveness of all sins to those who died in battle thus assuring them ascendancy into heaven. Which gave those who volunteered to fight assurance. Nobles and peasants responded in great numbers to the call and marched across Europe to the capital of the Byzantine empire. Having the support of the Byzantine emperor helped make them a stronger army. The Crusaders took over many of the cities on the Mediterranean coast and built a large number of fortified castles across the Holy Land to protect their newly established territories. Soon after seizing power the Seljuks face a very different challenge to Islamic civilization. It came from Christian Crusaders. Knights from western Europe who were determined to capture portions of the Islamic world that made up the holy land of biblical times. Muslim political division and element of surprise made the first of the Crusaders assaults, between 1096 and 1099, by far the most successful. Much of
A major turning point in Medieval history were the Crusades. The Crusades were a series of wars fought between the Christian Europeans and the Muslim Turks, which occurred between the years of 1096 to 1272. In this Holy War the Christians goal was to obtain the Holy Land from the Turks, in which they did not succeed. Although the Christians did not meet their goal, many positives did come out of their attempt. Due to the reason that they did not meet their goal, yet numerous positives came out of their effort, many refer to this as a successful failure.
When you feel worthless, and are told you are completely worthless, and start to believe it, would you have the strength to break down the walls? As a Native American it was hard, and still is, to feel as though you “belonged” in America. They struggle with high rates of suicide, are told they aren’t going to be anything but and Indian, and some overcome. But why do they have to be put through it?
Late in the year of 1095 Pope Urban announced on Tuesday, November 27 that he would hold a public session to make a great announcement. This was the beginning of what was to be the First Crusade . After having painted a real grim or somber picture the Pope made his appeal. He thought that western Christendom should march to the rescue of the East. Rich and poor alike should go and they should leave off slaying each other and instead fight a great war. Supposedly they thought it was God will and that God would lead them and Take care of them. During his speech Cries of "Dues le wolt! -- "God wills it!" - Interrupted his speech. Just after the Pope ended his speech the bishop of Le Puy fell to his knees and asked permission to join the "Holy Expedition." Hundreds crowded up to later follow his example.
In 1095, Pope Urban II called for an army to go to the Holy Land, Jerusalem. This was what was later known as the ‘First Crusade’. A crusade is a religious war or a war mainly motivated by religion. The first crusade consisted of 10’s of thousands of European Christians on a medieval military expedition to recover the Holy Land from the Muslims. This doesn’t mean that the first crusade was just motivated by religion. Throughout this essay, I will be suggesting the main reasons of why people went on crusades and which different people went for specific reasons and why.
The focus of this article is on Methamphetamine, trading sex, men who have sex with men and sexual risk behavior. the article revealed a study that was conducted to find out how many people that have had trades sex in exchange for methamphetamine. Males having sex with other male were the participants of the study. Males that trades sex for drugs have higher HIV prevalence and most likely engage in unprotected sex. The study also revealed that most male that trade sex for drugs were either homeless, not well educated or self-identified as gay. Surprisingly, those that are identified as heterosexual are more likely to be homeless and trade sex for money or
Going against modern day religious beliefs, in 1095AD the Christians went to war to claim the holy city of Jerusalem, massacring the Muslims in a bloody attempt to worship their God. Pope Urban II’s speech at Clermont inspired by claims made by the Byzantium Emperor encouraged the Christians to partake in the First Crusade in an attempt to liberate Jerusalem. The religious and economic factors were the most relevant to cause this crusade, with some influence from desired political gain and little from social factors unrelated to religion. The immediate consequences were positive for the Christians and negative for the Muslims, but the First Crusade launched an ongoing conflict between the Christians and Muslims which had positive and negative consequences for both sides. There are a number of relevant modern sources which examine the causes and consequences of the First Crusade, but, while there are many medieval sources, they do not explicitly discuss the causes and consequences of the war. In order to fully comprehend the First Crusade, it is necessary to analyse the religious, economic, and political factors, as well as the short-term, long-term, and modern consequences.