Title: Designing and Performing a Procedure Used to Determine the Percent of Water in a Hydrate
Objective: To determine the chemical formula for the “Mystery Hydrate”
Problem: Determining the formula for the “Mystery Hydrate”
Variables:
Independent Variable (IV)
What percent water is the Mystery Hydrate
Dependent Variable (DV)
The amount of hydrate left after heating
Introduction
“Hydrates are substances that include water in their formula. The water is not actually part of the chemical substance and this is reflected in the way the formula is written” (ChemTeam, 2016). An example of a hydrate is beryllium sulfate tetrahydrate, which is written like: BeSO4· 4H2O. All hydrates follow the same formula format; with the
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at and weigh
Pour hydrate crystals into crucible
Set up ring stand with clay triangle
Adjust height of ring to be 10 cm above a Bunsen burner
Place crucible on clay triangle with crucible tongs and set lid ajar
Place Bunsen burner on bench and light with igniter
Move Bunsen burner under crucible on ring stand and adjust flame to “kiss” crucible
Heat for 10 minutes
Turn off flame
Remove crucible from ring stand and place on wire mesh to cool for 5 minutes
Move crucible with tongs to the balance and weigh
Place crucible back on ring stand with lid closed
Ignite Bunsen burner and heat for 7 minutes
Repeat steps 11 - 15 until the difference in masses is 0.01g
Data
Item
Mass (g)
Crucible & Lid
16.96g
Mystery Hydrate Crystals
4.40g
Crucible & Lid & Mystery Hydrate Crystals after 1st Heating
19.17g
Crucible & Lid & Mystery Hydrate Crystals after 2nd Heating
19.17g
Interprets and analyzes data
Calculations
Molar Mass MgSO4
Atomic mass of Mg + Atomic mass of S + Atomic mass of O * 4 = Molar mass of MgSO4
24.31u + 32.07u + 64.00u = 120.38u
MgSO4 · 5H2O
Molar mass of MgSO4 + Atomic mass of H * 10 + Atomic mass of O * 5 = Molar mass of MgSO4 · 5H2O
120.38u + 10.10u + 80.00u = 210.48u
MgSO4 · 7H2O Molar mass of MgSO4 + Atomic mass of H * 14 + Atomic mass of O * 7 = Molar mass of MgSO4 · 7H2O
120.38u + 14.14u + 112.00u = 246.52u MgSO4 · 10H2O Molar mass of MgSO4 + Atomic mass of H * 20 + Atomic mass of O * 10 = Molar
(.1063 KIO31) (1 mol KIO214 g) x 6 mol S2O41 mol KIO= .00298.04150= .259 M
Using elemental analysis to determine the percent mass composition of each element in a compound is the first step in creating an empirical formula. There are many different types of elemental analysis, but in this experiment gravitational analysis and Beer’s Law are used. Elemental analysis is first used to find the moles of each element, then converted to mass, and then the percent mass of the element in the product is found (2).
Weight the mass for the different percent of zinc and copper mixtures, which have 11 groups.
m = mass of water = density x volume = 1 x 26 = 26 grams
The purpose of this lab is to determine the formula of an unknown hydrate. To achieve this, we heated a hydrate over a Bunsen burner to drive out the water. As a result, the anhydrate is left and the data is used to calculate the mole ratio between the amount of anhydride and water. Then the mole ratios are used to calculate the hydration number, which was 4.8, but was rounded to 5 in the formula. The accepted formula is 〖CuSO〗_4∙5H_2 O and the percent of error was 4%.
1. Label each substance on seven pieces of paper. Put two pieces of magnesium ribbon on the paper labeled “Magnesium”.
The goal of this experiment was to determine the empirical formula for a hydrate of magnesium sulfate and water. The technique that was used was measure the mass of the hydrate and then apply heat to evaporate the water. Then determine the mass of water that was in the hydrate and the mass of the remaining magnesium sulfate. The equation for the hydrate is determined by calculating the mole to mole ratio of the water and the anhydrous. The resulting formula will be formated as: MgSO4*_H2O
Mol of Cu = 0.043866 mol CuSO4 * 1 mol Cu1 mol CuSO4 = 0.043866 mol [IV]
Part 1: MULTIPLE CHOICE (48 points). Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. Record your answer on the scantron. Each question is worth 3 points. 1) A student weighed 30.00 µg of sulfur in the lab. This is the same mass as A) 3.000 × 10 4 ng. B) 3.000 × 10 -5 mg. C) 3.000 × 10 -8 g. D) 3.000 × 10 -5 kg. 2) 1)
Based on my and other classmates' observations and results it can be proved that every time magnesium combines with oxygen to form Magnesium oxide the percent composition for magnesium will be 60.31% and for oxygen it will be 30.69 % (the results achieved by experiments are
Molar Mass is basically in grams per mole for example salt has a molar mass of 5.8g per mole. The mass of an element refers to 6.0221415x1023 molecules of the substance. Molar Mass helps us figure out how many grams per mole we need to do this project and it helps us know how much we need to put into the solution. If you don’t Find
) Suppose that some magnesium oxide smoke had escaped during the investigation, the Mg:O ratio would have increased from 58% to 72%. The final mass of MgO would have decreased because the magnesium oxide smoke is part of the product and when some of it escapes, it decreases the final mass.
2. Calculate the mass of the reaction mixture in each reaction first by determining the volume of the solution and then assuming that the density of the solution is the same as pure water (1.0g/ml). Show work here and record your answer in Data Table 2.
If the mass of the reactants are compared to the mass of the products, then the mass will stay the same because the law of conservation of mass states that in any given chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
In practice, the molecular mass (M), of a compound is the sum of the atomic masses (atomic weights) of the atoms as given in the molecular formula. For instance, the Molecular Mass (M) of the compound carbon dioxide is