Children With Suspected Childhood Apraxia Of Speech

Ava Bracciante, an eight year-one month old female, who has been attending Lehman College Speech and Hearing Clinic since spring 2014 due to parental concerns regarding her articulation. She is currently attending the clinic once a week for 50-minute sessions. Ava’s parents, Mr. and Mrs. Bracciante, provided the case history report and stated that Ava received a speech-language evaluation at the Ampark School in 2014. The evaluation revealed gliding of the lingua-palatal rhotic /r/ and vocalization of the rhotic diphthong /ɚ/; her intelligibility was not compromised; therefore, she did not qualify for services. Mrs. Bracciante reported that she has seen an improvement in Ava’s speech and is an active participant to her progress.

90 individuals participated in this study. Their age ranged from 2:9 to 5:7. Participants had at least a moderate phonological disorders. Some participants also had impairments in expressive or receptive language. Results of this study showed that the earlier the cycles approach was implemented, the better the results. This study suggested that the cycles approach is best for those who display phonological disorders combined with other disorders in receptive and expressive language. Jacob shows significant speech and language delays at a young age of three. Therefore, the cycles approach would be appropriate for

It is a speech disorder which causes problems in the co-ordination and flow of speech.  Children may:

The purpose of this evidence based research paper is to evaluate the efficacy of the cycles approach when compared to the traditional articulation therapy approach in the treatment of children who are highly unintelligible. The Cycles Phonological Remediation Approach (Hodson, 2011) is a treatment method for children with severe speech sound disorders. This approach targets phonological pattern errors in a sequential manner. During each cycle, one or more phonological patterns are targeted and after each cycle is complete, another cycle begins. Recycling of phonological patterns continues until the targeted patterns are generalized into the child’s conversational speech. The cycles approach is meant to mirror typical phonological development in children (Hodson, 2011).

Preschoolers with verbalization sound disorders have clinically consequential impairments in the engenderment of sound production of the ambient language. Although many of these produced sound errors resolve after several years (with or sometimes without intervention), developmental appropriate speech sound production is not always achieved. Some sound errors may continue into adulthood. Concretely, (Preston, Hull, & Edwards, 2013) intended to determine if preschool verbalization error types (e.g., atypical sound errors and distortion errors), which may reflect different levels of psycholinguistic processing, are indicative of school-age phonological awareness and verbalization sound outcomes.

Auditory Processing Disorder (APD), also known as central auditory processing disorder (CAPD), is a neurological defect that affects how the brain processes spoken language. It affects about 5% of school-aged children making it difficult for the child to process verbal instructions or to cancel out background noise in the classroom. A child who has Auditory Processing Disorder may have the same kind of behavioral problems as a child who has ADD, and also might be confused with Autism, Asperger’s, Language processing disorder, and Dyslexia. For children who suffer from APD, the understanding of meanings, sound combination, and the categorical order of words are mistaken.

The Association Method is a complex approach to treating children with speech disorders. Since 1962, when it was founded, The Association Method has been modified and expanded (“What is the Dubard…”). “The Association Method is a multisensory, phonics-based

This case study was to done to theorize the effective ness on two motor therapy methods MIT and TCM for children with CAS. It looked at the influence of both MIT and TCM had on children with speech and sound production as well as sequencing abilities. this study follows a little girl who's 4;7 years old as she gets diagnosed with CAS.

Childhood apraxia of speech demonstrates a broad range of specific speech characteristics. A variety of diagnostic descriptions entail characteristic symptoms throughout the stages of development. According to ASHA, the origin and clinical traits of CAS continues, although many researchers and clinicians are in agreement that it's a motor speech disorder.

Dysarthria and apraxia are speech disorders, which affect the motor skills of a person. These two speech disorders can occur concurrently with one another. Dysarthria is a result of impaired movement of the muscles that are used for speech production, which includes the tongue, lips, vocal folds, and the diaphragm. The severity and type of dysarthria depend on the location of where the nervous system is affected. Apraxia occurs when the messages from the brain to the mouth are disrupted, causing the person to be unable to move the lips or tongue to the right place to say sounds correctly, even though the muscles in the mouth are not weak. For apraxia, the severity depends on the brain damage. Despite both speech disorders

Because of the high amount articulation problems in all children, standards for articulation development are perhaps too strict.

In order to look at the efficacy of this treatment method a research study was selected that measured the results of using this treatment approach. Treating Speech Subsystems in Childhood Apraxia of Speech with Tactical Input: The Prompt Approach, written by Philip S. Dale and Deborah A. Hayden is a peer reviewed article published in 2013 in the American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. The study indicates that PROMPT based treatments yielded significant results. Children made advances in both the scores on the standardized tests and on the untreated items, demonstrating generalization. Tactile kinestetic cues added greatly to the motor speech training. This is a very complex training program that works to treat children with very complex disorders (Dale and Hayden, 2013).

Clinicians determine the nature of speech sound disorders by competing differential diagnoses. Before preparing a differential diagnosis, the clinician has their client complete a screening and then an assessment. A screening is a brief procedure in which the client either passes and does not need a further evaluation of their speech or they fail and need an in depth analysis of their speech. In the event that a more comprehensive analysis is needed, the client is given an assessment, to determine the presence or absence of a speech sound disorder. Once this is complete the clinician makes a judgment on the severity and nature of the disorder, by classifying it as an articulation disorder, a phonological disorder, childhood apraxia of speech,

The purpose of the Kaufman Speech to Language Protocol (K-SLP) is to shape the child’s current level of speech production into higher levels of motor-speech coordination. Essentially, this therapy technique aims to isolate speech components and increase motor skills at a reasonable pace. When simpler oral motor movements have been mastered, children's’ therapy focus will shift to higher level speech motor movements, along with correct use of morphology and syntax. It is a treatment approach for children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS), other speech sound disorders, and expressive language challenges.

When I was three years old, I learned that I had apraxia of speech. It is a speech impairment and it causes issues with fine and gross motor skills. I was