Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 1.2, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
There are two ways of gene transfer. Vertical gene transfer and horizontal gene transfer. The vertical gene transfer is the most common way. The transfer of genetic material from a mother cell to daughter cells through gametic fusion is the vertical gene transfer. Whereas, the transfer of genes from one organism to another organism without involving the gametic union. The transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene from one bacterial species to another is an example of a horizontal gene transfer.
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Which of the following is most responsible for horizontal gene transfer?
Non-orthologous gene displacement
Viruses
Gene duplication
Gene fusion
Which form of horizontal gene transfer is shown in the following diagram?
Transformation
Conjugation
Transduction
MacBook Air
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The Kishony performed a simple but elegant experiment using a “mega-plate.”
Which of the following is a fair conclusion that can be drawn from this study?
The majority of antibiotic resistance occurs via horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between Actinobacteria
Sensitive bacteria may acquire resistance to high concentrations of the antibiotic through many mutations
Bacteria will gradually lose resistance to an antibiotic if you plate them on a large enough plate
Bacteria will migrate via chemotaxis away from recombinant phage used in phage therapy
Chapter 1 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 1.1 - Look ahead to Figure 4.15. Which of these...Ch. 1.1 - The wing of a bird, the wing of an insect, and the...Ch. 1.1 - At which level of biological organization would...Ch. 1.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 1.2 - Among mammals, give two examples of how the tail...Ch. 1.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 1BCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 1.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 1.2 - Prob. 2TYK
Ch. 1.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 1.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 1.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 1.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 1.3 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 1 - A bird maintains a relatively stable internal body...Ch. 1 - Populations of organisms change over the course of...Ch. 1 - A bio1otst is studying the Living organisms in a...Ch. 1 - Which of the following is an example of horizontal...Ch. 1 - The scientific name for humans is Homo sapiens....Ch. 1 - The underlying factor that explains the unity and...Ch. 1 - By observing certain desert plants in their native...Ch. 1 - In science, a theory should be equated with...Ch. 1 - Conducting research without a preconceived...Ch. 1 - Prob. 10TYCh. 1 - Of the first eight characteristics of life...Ch. 1 - Explain how it is possible for evolution to result...Ch. 1 - In your own words, describe the 12 principles of...Ch. 1 - Discuss whether or not you think that theories in...Ch. 1 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- Fill-in the blanks in the figure below: conjugation genetic variation antibiotic resistance DNA replication binary fission genetic recombination antibiotics mutations (9) may be acquired from other cells through combines DNA from different cells, resulting in Serious bacterial infections are treated with may not kill bacteria with genes for may result from contribute to contributes to is passed from parent to offspring through are mistakes that usually occur during kill sensitive bacteria or interfere with occurs during propagates through a growing bacterial population viaarrow_forwardWhich of the following is an effective transfection strategy in plant cells? Mark all that apply Direct microinjection of DNA fragments into plant cells. Adenovirus is used to transfer a gene(s) of interest to a plant cell. Gene guns can be used to blast metal particles coated in DNA fragments into plant cells. Agrobacterium tumefaciens can mediate gene transfer in plant cells.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of horizontal genetransfer?a. The transfer of a gene from one strain of E. coli to a differentstrain via conjugationb. The transfer of a gene from one strain of E. coli to a differentstrain via transductionc. The transfer of an antibiotic resistance gene from E. coli toSalmonella typhimurium via transformationd. All of the above are examples of horizontal gene transfer.arrow_forward
- Bacteria have an enormous ability to adapt to new conditions. Which two of the following are they main factors behind this phenomenon? New mutations occur continuously with very high frequency in the genome of bacteria Bacteria generally have small genomes Bacteria have a short generation time The rate of DNA synthesis is very high in bacteria Presence of a selection pressure.arrow_forwardPart A: Which of the following is not a reason that microbes benefit from horizontal gene transfer? cells can acquire useful traits quickly. all new types of DNA are good. genetic diversity is ehanced. All examples are reasons that microbes benefit. Part B:Transposable elements can do all of the following except move from one position to another in a chromosome. cause disruption in genes in which they insert. move from one cell to another. copy themselves, and the copy can insert somewhere else.arrow_forwardConjugation differs from other means of horizontal gene transfer between bacteria cells because conjugation requires cell division. a bacteriophage virus. physical contact between the bacteria cells by a pili. heat-killed cells to release their DNA. DNA replication.arrow_forward
- Review the Process Diagram, Figure 8.9, and answer this question.The type of horizontal gene transfer that involves a physical connection between two bacterial cells is transduction. expression. conjugation. transformation. recombination.arrow_forwardWhich of the following represent why lysogeny is advantageous to a bacteriophage? It allows the bacteriophage to infect cells it would not normally infect It speeds up the viral infection cycle The genetic material of the bacteriophage is replicated many times over that seen in a lytic phage It enables the bacteriophage to take over the cell and produce a fewer number of viruses that can then burst out and infect other nearby cells It allows the bacteriophage to destroy the host cell's DNAarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about Hfr strains of E. coli is FALSE? Group of answer choices Hfr stands for "high frequency recombination" In Hfr strains, the F factor is integrated into the main bacterial chromosome The location and order of genes along the chromosome can be mapped using the time of transfer of different marker genes. Genetic exchange between Hfr and F− strains is studied using the interrupted mating technique In Hfr strains, the F factor is integrated into a plasmidarrow_forward
- If a bacteria cell is F+, that cell must be capable of transduction. contain the fertility factor. be capable of transformation. contain antibiotic resistant plasmids.arrow_forwardis a type of experiment which shows that the fate of a cell sometimes depends on the interaction with its neighboring cells, even if those cells are destroyed. Recombination experiment O Transgenic experiment Transplantation experiment Defect experiment Isolation experimentarrow_forwardWhich of the three methods of DNA transfer can occur between a bacterium and a plant? Transformation Conjugation O Transduction All threearrow_forward
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