In fatty acid oxidation, each cycle shortens the fatty acid being catabolised by 2 carbons, producing acetyl CoA and 2 reduced carrier molecules. Complete oxidation of a saturated fatty acid with 18 carbons would produce how many acetyl CoA and reduced carrier molecules? a. 8 acetyl CoA, 8 NADH and 8 FADH2 b. 9 acetyl CoA, 8 NADH and 8 FADH2 c. 8 acetyl CoA, 9 NADH and 9 FADH2 d. 9 acetyl CoA, 9 NADH and 9 FADH2
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In fatty acid oxidation, each cycle shortens the fatty acid being catabolised by 2 carbons, producing acetyl CoA and 2 reduced carrier molecules. Complete oxidation of a saturated fatty acid with 18 carbons would produce how many acetyl CoA and reduced carrier molecules?
| a. |
8 acetyl CoA, 8 NADH and 8 FADH2 |
|
| b. |
9 acetyl CoA, 8 NADH and 8 FADH2 |
|
| c. |
8 acetyl CoA, 9 NADH and 9 FADH2 |
|
| d. |
9 acetyl CoA, 9 NADH and 9 FADH2 |
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- In the context of fatty acid oxidation to acetyl CoA, indicate whether each of the following substances is involved in (1) fatty acid activation, (2) fatty acid trans-port, or (3) b-oxidation pathway. More than one choice may be correct in a given situation. a. AMp b. FAD c. Acyl CoA d. H2OWhich of the following are the precursors in synthesizing myristic acid? a. 7 malonyl-CoA b. 3 acetyl-CoA, 4 malonyl-CoA c. 1 acetyl-CoA, 6 malonyl-CoA d. 7 acetyl-CoAThe rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis is: a. The reduction of the acetoacetyl group to a ?-hydroxybutyryl group b. Formation of malonyl-CoA from malonate and coenzyme A. c. Condensation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. d. The reaction catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
- alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase will do which of the following: Select one: a. Pyruvate is decarboxylated to become acetyl-CoA producing NADH and Carbon dioxide b. Succinate is oxidized to become fumarate forming FADH2 c. Succinyl-CoA becomes Succinate and forms one ATP molecule and Coenzyme A-SH d. Oxaloacetate combines with the acetyl from acetyl-CoA to produce Citric acid(citrate) e. Malate is oxidized to become oxaloacetate forming NADH f. Isocitrate and then decarboxylated and oxidized to produce alpha-ketoglutarate, Carbon dioxide and NADH g. Citrate is rearranged to become Isocitrate h. Fumarate is combined with water to become Malate i. alpha-ketoglutarate is oxidized and decarboxylated to produce Succinyl-CoA, Carbon dioxide and NADHThe sources of the three (3) carbons in malonyl-Coa is/are: a. 1 C from C02 and 2 C from acetyl-CoA b. 1 C from HCO3- and 2 C from acetyl-CoA c. 1 C from biotin and 2 C from acetyl-CoA d. All three C from acetyl-CoAWhich of the following statements about the transport of citrate for fatty acid synthesis are false? 1. Citrate is able to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane through the citrate transporter integral membrane protein. II. In the cytoplasm citrate synthase catalyzes the production of acetyl- CoA and oxaloacetate III. After lysis of citrate the oxaloacetate is oxidized to malate by a cytoplasmic form of malate dehydrogenase. II and III only Fonly II only Ill only I and II only
- Match the fatty acid catabolism reaction to the enzyme responsible. Not all the reactions have to be selected, and a reaction may be used more than once. AcylCoA dehydrogenase A. Hydrates double bond between C2 and C3 - Enoyl-CoA hydratase B. Attach acyl-CoA to carnitine - B-Hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase C Catalyze double-bond relocation Thiolase D. Reduces hydroxyl group to ketone A3.A2 enoyl isomerase E. Oxidizes hydroxyl group to ketone v Methylmalonyl-COA mutase F. Catalyzes intramolecular arrangement G. Hydrates double bond between C2 and C3 - Fatty acyl-CoA synthetase v Carnitine acyltransferase H. Reduces acyl-COA L Activates a fatty acid for b-oxidation J. Generate acyl-CoA and acetyl-CoA K. Removes acyl from camitine L. Oxidizes acyl-CoAOrder the steps that results in a triacylglycerol containing two palmitic acids and one stearic acid. a. Diacylglycerol reacts with an fatty-acyl-CoA b. Phosphate is remove from phosphatidic acid to form diacylglycerol c. Two of the fatty acyl-CoAs react with glycerol-3-phosphate d. An elongase produce stearic acid e. Stearoyl-CoA is synthesized…Consider the docosanoic acid, C21H43CO2H a. Label the a and B carbons b. Draw the acyl CoA derived from this fatty acid c. How many acetyl CoA molecules are formed by complete B-oxidation? d. How many cycles of B-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid?
- Which of the below statements are FALSE? I: Cholesterol synthesis is regulated by covalent modification of HMG-COA reductase II: Inhibition of ACAT mediated increase in esterification of cholesterol esters III: Transcriptional regulation of the LDL particle regulates cholesterol synthesis IV: Squalene is a cholesterol precursor V: All the carbons in cholesterol comes from acetyl-CoA O A. I, II O B. II, V O C. II, II O D.I, IVIf (1-1C)-glucose is metabolized to acetyl-CoA and CO2 via glycolysis and the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which are properly labeled products? 1. CH3-1Co-S-COA and CO2 2. 1°CH3-CO-S-COA and CO, 3. 1CHy.Co-S-CoA and CO, 4. CH3-CO-S-COA and 1co: 5. 1CH3-1CO-S-COA and 1co, 0.3 02 04 05Complete the table below. Consider docosanoic acid (C21H43CO2H) Questions Solutions Answers a. Label the alpha and beta carbons. b. Draw the acetyl CoA derived from this fatty acid. c. How many acetyl CoA molecules are formed by complete B-oxidation? d. How many cycles of B-oxidation are needed for complete oxidation? e. How many molecules of ATP are formed from the complete catabolism of this fatty acid?