19. The activation of long chain fatty acids requires which of the following components?B. ATP and CoAE. Carnitine acyl transferase I and IIC. ATP, COA and fatty acyl CoAA. ATPD. Fatty acyl carnitine20. Which of the following statements best describes the B-oxidation of fatty acids?A. B-oxidation of fatty acids is an extra mitochondrial process.B. The enzymes present in the form of multienzyme complexes.C. One acetyl CoA is produced in each turn of the B-oxidation spiral.D. The intermediates are carried by Acyl carrier protein.E. 129 ATP are required for the formation of one mol of palmitic acid.

Fatty acids are a long hydrocarbon chain of carboxylic acid. They can be either saturated or…

Answered: 19. The activation of long chain fatty…

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter7: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK

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Which of the following produces the highest number of reducing equivalent molecules per mole of a saturated 10 carbon fatty acid chain in aerobic conditions? A. Oxidation of Malate to Oxaloacetate B. the Electron Transport Chain C. Oxidation of a-Ketoglutarate to Succinyl-COA D. the B-Oxidation "spiral"
26. These catalyze oxidation and reduction reactions, e.g. pyruvate dehydrogenase, catalysing the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl coenzyme A. a. oxidoreductases b. transferases c. hydrolases d. ligases 27. These catalyze transferring of the chemical group from one to another compound. An example is a transaminase, which transfers an amino group from one molecule to another. a. oxidoreduUctases b. transferases c. hydrolases d. ligases 28. They catalyze the hydrolysis of a bond. For example, the enzyme pepsin hydrolyzes peptide bonds in proteins. a. oxidoreductases b. transferases c. hydrolases d. ligases 29. Catalyze the association of two molecules. For example, DNA ligase catalyzes the joining of two fragments of DNA by forming a phosphodiester bond. a. oxidoreductases b. transferases c. hydrolases d. ligases 30. It is the loss of electrons, gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen. a. reduction b. temperature C. substrate concentration d. oxidation
1. Select the INCORRECT statement about Glutamate dehydrogenase : a. Catalyzes the removal of NH4+ into glutamate b.Catalyzes the incorporation of NH*4 into a-ketoglutarate c. Catalyzes the removal of NH*4 from glutamate C d. Catalyzes the incorporation of NH'4 into a-keto acid
1. For a saturated fatty acid with 28 carbon atoms: a. Write the products obtained from one cycle of beta oxidation. b. How many cycles of beta oxidation will be required for its complete breakdown? How many Acetyl CoA will be produced after its complete breakdown? (show the calculation) c. Calculate the total number of ATP molecules generated (total energy yield) after complete oxidation of this fatty acid. (show the complete Stepwise calculation)
The rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis is: a. The reduction of the acetoacetyl group to a ?-hydroxybutyryl group b. Formation of malonyl-CoA from malonate and coenzyme A. c. Condensation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. d. The reaction catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
Which of the following is incorrect about the fifth step (conversion of succinyl-CoA, GDP, and Pi to succinate and GTP) of the citric acid cycle? a. GTP is made because succinyl-CoA is a thioester b. It is not regulated c. It involves a "substrate level" phosphorylation of GDP d. It is irreversible
1. Outline the first round of lipid catabolism using a C18 saturated fatty acid. Indicate cofactors and type of chemistry that takes place. a. How much NADH, FADH2 and ACCOA are you getting from complete catabolism of this fatty acid? b. How many moles of ATP are you getting from the breakdown of this fatty acid? Keep in mind that in the mitochondria 1 mole FADH2 gives about 1.5 moles of ATP while 1 mole NADH yields about 2.5 moles of ATP.
1. Consider the oxidation of the fatty acid with the common name arachidic acid. a. Draw the structure of arachidic acid. b. How many turns of the fatty acid oxidation cycle is required for the complete oxidation of arachidic acid? c. How many moles of ATP are formed from one mole of arachidic acid if the acetyl CoA produced go to the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation? Assume 1 mole of NADH is equivalent to 3 moles ATP and 1 mole FADH2 is equivalent to 2 moles of ATP. Show how you arrived at your answer
a. Starting with acetyl-CoA in the mitochondria, how many ATP molecules are needed to synthesize a 14 C fatty acid? A. 3 B. 6 C. 9 D. 12 b. How many FADH2 molecules will be obtained from the complete oxidation of Myristic acid to CO2 ? A. 13 B. 11 C. 15 D. 17 c. If the complete oxidation of a saturated fatty acid result in the production of 82 ATP molecules, how many ATP molecules will be obtained from a mono-unsaturated fatty acid of similar length? A. 80.5 B. 82 C. 84.5 D. 83.5
Which of the following statements about the transport of citrate for fatty acid synthesis are false? 1. Citrate is able to cross the inner mitochondrial membrane through the citrate transporter integral membrane protein. II. In the cytoplasm citrate synthase catalyzes the production of acetyl- CoA and oxaloacetate III. After lysis of citrate the oxaloacetate is oxidized to malate by a cytoplasmic form of malate dehydrogenase. II and III only Fonly II only Ill only I and II only
Fatty acid biosynthesis differs from β-oxidation in that: A. NADP+ is used in biosynthesis but not in β-oxidation. B. Biosynthesis uses malonyl-CoA while β-oxidation does not. C. Biosynthesis occurs in the cytoplasm while β-oxidation occurs in the mitochondria. D. Biosynthesis is a reductive process while β-oxidation is oxidation.
1. Acetyl-CoA labeled with 14C in both of its acetate carbon atoms is incubated with unlabeled oxaloacetat and a crude tissue preparation capable of carrying out the reactions of the citric acid cycle. After one turn of the cycle, oxaloacetate would have ¹4C in: A. all four carbon atoms. B.no pattern that is predictable from the information provided. c.none of its carbon atoms. D.the keto carbon and one of the carboxyl carbons. E. the two carboxyl carbons.

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