genetics problems 2

8:25 Screenshot_2021120 What I Can Do Activity 6. What is your stand? Directions. Below are some of the arguments about the use of transgenie organism. In your own perspective, explain your answer in not more than 5 sentences. 1. Among the cited examples of GMO, which do you think is the most beneficial? 2. If you are a farmer would you take the chance of growing crops that are pest resistant? Why or why not? 3. Considering the knowledge gained genetic engineering, would you try to patronize GMO fruits and vegetables? Why or why not? 4. Is creating or altering genes of an organism a form of Blasphemy to the creator (God)? Why? 5. Is genetic engineering morally permissible or not?

ull T-Mobile LTE 10:32 PM © 73% Mendelian Genetics Lab LASC... MENDELIAN GENETICS Define the following terms: Gene: Homozygous: Allele: Heterozygous: Phenotype: Dominant: Genotype: Recessive: P, F1, F2 generations: Introduction to probability To understand genetics, it is essential to understand probability. The numerical value of the probability of an event can range from 0 (impossible) to 1 (certainty). For example, what is the probability of flipping a coin and getting tails? There are two possible outcomes (heads and tails) that are equally likely, but we are looking for the probability of just one of them (tails). Probability of tails = ½ = 0.5. What is the probability of tossing a six-sided die and getting a four? What is the probability of tossing a six-sided die and getting an even number? What is the probability of tossing a six-sided die and NOT getting a four? The first law of probability states that the results of one trial do NOT influence the results of later trials for…

14:27 46 lll 33% GENETICS...IGNMENT ASSIGNMENT 1 1. Using the central dogma of molecular biology, explain the terms replication, transcription and translation. 2. A heterozygous fair male had a conjugal interaction with a homozygous dark female. Using an appropriate genetic diagram, explain the genotypic and the phenotypic appearance of the second felial generation of these parents. Note: Darkness is dominant over fairness. III

10:25 Name_ Bio320 What is lignin and its role in plants? Why can reducing the amount of lignin in trees enhance the efficiency of cellulostic-ethanol production? Why can't trees be genetically engineered without any lignin at all? 5Gº Why are transgenic approaches rather than traditional breeding being used to create trees with altered levels of lignin? Where can you find the only company in the USA that makes transgenic trees that are found in forests? Go to this company's website. What type of endangered tree are they trying to survive? AA moodle22-23.coastal.edu

Topic: Modifications of Mendelian Genetics LEARNING ACTIVITY and ASSESSMENT 1. In addition to the ABO blood group, many others have been identified in humans. One such group is the MN group, controlled by two codominant alleles, M and N, at one locus. What will be the probability of the genotypes and phenotypes that would be produced in crosses involving the following phenotypes: а. Туре М and type N b. Туре М and type MN c. Type N and type N d. Type MN and type MN 2. Could a child of type N result from the mating of M and MN? Justify your answer.

Extra Question Chapter 4 1. Consider the following cross concerning 4 different gene loci: AaBbCcDd (x) AabbCcdd From this cross, what is the probability of getting a progeny (offspring) with genotype AABbccdd? b. From this cross, what is the probability of getting a progeny (offspring) with genotype AabbCcDd? c. From this cross, what is the probability of getting a male progeny (offspring) with genotype aaBbCcdd? 2. Your neighbor has twelve children. One is blue eye color and short. Two are brown eye color and short. Two are blue eye color and tall. Seven look just like the parents; brown eye color with tall. What can you discover about the genetics of eye color and height of the children? a. How many traits are you dealing with? Each trait has phenotypes: Specify the phenotypes. b. What is the probability of the height of the children? What is the probability of the eye color of the children? (Refer to monohybrid punnett square slides 17-19) c. What are recessive traits based on the…

Q.No.3.    How can we compare most frequent with least frequent progeny during measurement of recombination frequency? What is the benefit of this comparison? please solve this in numerical form( problem). ch       b+   cn         105 ch+     b+      cn+     750 ch+     b        cn         40 ch+     b+      cn        4 ch       b       cn        753 ch+     b+    cn+      41 ch+     b      cn+       102 ch        b      cn+         5 Total         =   1800

3. Animation 12.1: This table shows results from allele-specific oligonucleotide hybridization analyses conducted on three different patients. The analyses all used the same probes constructed to test for the presence of a mutant gene. A plus sign (+) indicates hybridization occurred and a negative sign (-) indicates no hybridization occurred. Patient #1 Patient #2 Patient #3 Probe for normal allele Probe for mutant allele Which patient(s) is/are homozygous for the mutation and which patient(s) is/are heterozygous for the mutation? O Patients #2 and #3 are homozygous and Patient #1 is heterozygous for the mutation. O Patient #2 is homozygous and Patient #1 is heterozygous for the mutation. O Patient #1 is homozygous and Patients #2 and #3 are heterozygous for the mutation. O Patient # 1 is homozygous and Patient #2 is heterozygous for the mutation.

12:27 O Q3. ACTIVITY 2. NONMENDELIAN INHERITANCE Non-Mendelian Genetics - Practice 1. In plants known as "four o'clocks", the allele for the dominant red-flower color is incompletely dominant over the allele for white-flowers. A gardener allows several heterozygous pink- lowered four o'clocks to self pollinate and collects 200 seeds. Draw a Punnett square for the cross. Identify the flower color phenotypes and theoretical percentage. Phenotyps Percentages 2. Skin color in humans is determined by a polygenic inberitance system, possibly involving as many as 9 genes. For simplicity let's consider the influence of 2 genes: A and B, where the dominant allele darkens skin color. Suppose a woman who is AABb mates with a man who is Aabb. A. List all of the passible genotypes of the gametes that could be produced by cach the parents. Identify the percent ratios. Genorype: Ratio Genotype: Ratio Genotype Genotype Ratio: 3. In rabbits, white coat color (C") and black cogt color (C) are…

11:52 and ry bod es loc he al alle omi Tomo tted es, wh Show cemplete nis ne n the type ratios for each generatio pes an Other problems: How do you know the genotype of organisms with a dominant phenotype? Is it homozygous or heterozygous? 8. A pea plant exhibits a purple color, but you are unsure of its genotype. With what could you cross this plant to determine its genotype? Show all of your work for the cross. What is this type of cross called? Incomplete dominance: Genes code for the production of specific proteins, many of which are enzymes. Different alleles at a locus code for alternative forms of a protein that differ in structure and when the protein is an enzyme, often have different degrees of catalytic activity. Therefore, a heterozygote genotvpe produces an intermediate phenotype.

Assignment 3 Linkage and Recombination 1. In corn, the genes an (anther ear), br (brachytic), and f (fine stripe) are linked. Testeross data are as follows: Number Number 355 2 Progeny Progeny +++ 88 an ++ ++f + br + + br f 21 an +f an br + an br f 2 17 399 55 Determine the linkage map and the genotype of the homozygous parents used to obtain the heterozygote for testcross.

Q1. How many genes are there in contig1? Q2. what are the names of these genes? Q3. Which gene ha the largest span (i.e, the largest distance between the start and the end of the gene)?

GENETICS Question; 1. Give the genotypes and its ratio of the dihybrid cross of FIGURE 7. Regarding this problem, you may refer the genotype of the monohybrid cross of pea flower color in Figure 6.

a. genotype of the parents b. Punnett square C. genotypic ratio с. d. phenotypic ratio e. type of Mendelian or non-Mendelian principle

MLB 153 Tutorial 9 1. Pro. A wild-type strain of bacteria produces a protein with the amino acid proline (Pro) at one site. Treatment with nitrous acid causes a C to change to a U. Two different mutants are produced after nitrous acid treatment of the bacteria. One has a serine (Ser) in place of the proline, an the other has a leucine (Leu). Further treatment of the two mutants with nitrous acid produces new mutant strains, both with phenylalanine (Phe) at the site. Treatment of the phenylalanine carrying mutants produces no change. U b Ser Leu Phe—>Phe C UUU UUC ULA UUG CUU CUC CUA CUG Lau AUU AUC AUA AUG Met BED GUU GUC GGUA GUG Val C UCU UCC UCA UCG CCU ccc CCA CCG ACU ACC ACA ACC Thursday 18 May 2023 OCU GCC GCA GCG The A UAU UAC UAA UAG CAU CAC CAA CAG AAU AAC AAA AAG Tyr Gin Aan GAU GAC Asp GAA Glu GAG G vou cys UGC UGA Stop UGG Trp COU COC CGA SENA COG AGU AGA GGU GOC GGA GGG Ser a. Use appropriate codons to show how these mutations occurred. Assume only a single nucleotide…

polygenic trait mating 2 An AaBBCcdd male mates with an AaBbCCDD female.   1. What is the maximum number of ridge-producing genes possible in one of the children? 2. What would be the TRC for this child if it is a male?  3. What is the minimum number of ridge-producing genes possible in a child of this couple?  4. If this child were a female, would she have a higher or lower TRC than the parent with the lower ridge count?  A. lower B. higher C. equal

Bb Take Test: Mod 9 Lab - Genetic X + ← ] C G QUESTION 3 In the pedigree below, all shaded individuals express the gene in question. For example, Arlene "has" the trait, she displays the phenotype in question. For example, if we were following the inheritance pattern of a widow's peak, Arlene has a widow's peak (that is NOT the trait here, just an example). Unshaded individuals (blank circles and squares) do not manifest the trait in question, but their specific genotype is unknown - they could be heterozygous, homozygous dominant, or homozygous recessive. What is the mechanism of inheritance of this trait? Sandra Daniel recessive dominant Tom 990 Alan QUESTION 4 George Sam Tina Christopher Arlene Wilma Ann O Carla R Update Michael In the pedigree below, all shaded individuals express the gene in question. For example, Arlene "has" the trait, she displays the phenotype in question. For example, if we were following the inheritance pattern of a widow's peak, Arlen a widow's peak (that…

7-5. In corn a pair of genes determines leaf shape and another pair determines pollen shape. A ragged-leafed plant with round pollen was crossed to a ragged-leafed plant with angular-pollen, and the resultant progeny were classified as follows: Class Phenotypes 186 ragged-leaf round-pollen 11 IV 174 ragged-leaf angular-pollen 57 smooth-leaf round-pollen Total 63/480 smooth-leaf angular-pollen (a) Using alphabetical letters of your choice, designate the genes for the different leaf and pollen characters. (b) On the basis of the symbols given in (a) 1 provide genotypes two parents. (c) (forth)/(nbers) According to your hypothesis what would you have expected for each of the four classes of progeny? (d) After re viewing Chapter 8, use the chi-square method (p. 132) to test your hypothesis and indicate whether you accept or reject it.

(E) identify the source of DNA material Questions 21-23 A culture of white-eyed fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster) was maintained for many generations. Females from the stock white-eyed culture were crossed with red-eyed (wild-type) males. The F1 females were crossed with the white-eyed males from the original culture. The resulting phenotypes of the progeny are summarized below. Parental Generation Cross F1 Generation (at least 500 flies) 100% of females are red-eyed 100% of males are white-eyed White-eyed females x red-eyed males F1 Generation Cross F2 Generation (at least 500 flies) Fl red-eyed females x white-eyed males 50% of females are red-eyed and 50% are white- eyed 50% of males are red-eyed and 50% are white-eyed 21. The best explanation for the red-eyed F1 females is (A) mutation (B) culture contamination (C) dominance (D) multiple loci (E) sex-influenced traits 22. There are white-eyed females in the F2 generation because (A) white is a dominant allele (B) the white…

GQ8 In a given problem, we are looking for a number between O and 255 that maximizes a profit function. Using genetic algorithms to solve this problem: a) what do the chromosomes represent? b) how to encode each chromosome?

3-4. Two strains of Neurospora crassa are crossed, one of genotype o'm g* and the other of genotype o m g". All three genes are on the same linkage group, in that particular order. 3. In which octad(s) did crossing over event(s) occur? a. o'm*g* o*m*g* o'm*g¯ o*m*g¯ omīg* om°g* o m¯g¯ o°m¯g¯ b. o'm*g* o`m*g* omīg* om¯g* o°m*g¯ o°m*g¯ o°m¯g¯ omīg c. o'm*g* o*m*g* o'mg¯ o*m¯g¯ om*g* o¯m*g* o m°g¯ o°m°g¯ d. all of the above e. none of the above 4. In which octad(s) did gene conversion event(s) occur? a. om*g* oʻm*g* oʻm*g o'm*g omg* om¯g* om¯g¯ o°m°g¯ b. o'm'g* o'm°g* o`m°g* om°g* o°m°g¯ o°m°g° o°m°g omīg c. O'm*g* o'm*g* o'mīg¯ o'm¯g¯ o'm*g* o°m*g* o m°g¯ o°m¯g¯ d. all of the above e. none of the above

Activity 4 Identification of phenotype of known genotype The characteristic of the color of the red tomato fruit (R) is dominant over the characteristic of the yellow color (r) The characteristic of the color of white flowers (W) is dominant over the characteristic of the color of the yellow flowers (w), and the characteristic length of the stem of the plant (T) is dominant over the short characteristic (t) If a red fruit plant with yellow and long-stemmed flowers is crossed, with anotheryellow, white-flowered and short-stemmed plant, knowing that the dominant characteristic is pure. What is the phenotype of individuals of the resulting generation?

Question- 1. In onions, male sterility is due to the interaction of a chromosomal allele pair hh and “sterile” (S) cytoplasm. All other combinations (i.e. HH/Hh and “sterile” cytoplasm, HH/Hh or hh “fertile” (F) cytoplasm) result in male-fertile plants. The male-sterile trait is incorporated into inbred lines to produce hybrid F1 seed on a commercial scale.a) How would you perpetuate the male-sterile line? Show the cross.b) Briefly outline the method of producing hybrid seed (heterozygote) for the commercial crop. Show the cross.c) Does it matter whether the cytoplasm is fertile or sterile in the male-fertile inbred? Explain.

Dihybrid crosses and gene interactions 9. As we have already seen, in lemmings, hair colour is determined by a single gene; in this question we will only consider two alleles, the green and red alleles. Hair texture is determined by a second gene with two alleles. Breeding experiments were carried out giving the following results: Experiment 1: A green-straight haired male was mated with several red-curly haired females. All the offspring had green hair that was straight. Experiment 2: When the F1 generation from the first experiment were crossed with one another, there were a total of 79 green- straight-haired lemmings, 27 red-straight-haired lemmings, 28 green-curly-haired lemmings and 9 red-curly-haired lemmings. a) Present a logical, step by step explanation of the results of these two experiments. b) If a male from the F1 generation was crossed with a female from experiment 1, what would be the predicted ratios of phenotypes in the offspring? c) Suppose that the results in Expt 2…

Answer the following questions. 1. Construct a map for the genes d,e,f. Assume that: d and e = 3%; e and f = 5%. Give 2 arrangements of the genes/maps. 2. If d and f = 2%, what is the correct arrangement of the genes d,e,f? 3. Consider the fourth gene "g". if g and e = 1.5%, give two possible arrangements. 4. If d and g = 1.5 % give the correct order of the four genes %3D