Initially called protein 17B, FGFR3 was discovered based on the similarities Paper 1 discovered FGFR3 through the use of homologous genes of other FGFRs. Regions such as the kinase domain and the C terminus were used to test the extent of homology between Protein 17B and the FGFRs. Paper 1 used a human cDNA library which was hybridized in low stringency. Then under high stringency, a partial FGFR3 clone was used as a probe.
Short overview The current technology is based on protein kinase activation by means of stochastic resonance mediated through pulsed electrical fields of very low signal strength. The mode of action reveals how even small pulsed electrical fields can have a major influence on cellular function and physiological consequences. It is well known that biological sensory systems transform analog quantities such us pressure, temperature, electric fields (E-fields) etc. into trains of information. All
interaction between these two proteins of interest using numerous molecular biology and biochemical techniques, such as PCR, mutagenesis, immunoprecipitation, western blot, and others. We determined that mGluR5, as well as its second messenger protein kinase C, increase the strength of this interaction. Through many experiments, we now hypothesize this novel interaction to regulate LTD in the striatum. After working on this project for two and a half years, a manuscript is now in
Antineoplastic MW = 589.7 g/mol pKa = 5.5 Chemical Formula = C29H31N7O ● CH4SO3 IUPAC name: N-(4-methyl-3-{[4-(pyridine-3-yl) pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}phenyl)-4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl) methyl]benzamide Description Imatinib mesylate is a protein tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that exhibits high specificity and potency for ABL, c-kit, and PDGF receptors, which often harbor activating mutations and are typically mutually exclusive of each other and within specific cancer types.2 The compound has been approved
An antimetabolite, 5FU is a pyrimidine analog that irreversibly inhibits TS. Thymidine is a nucleoside and a major component of the DNA and is hence required by cells for proliferation. Deoxyuridine monophostate (dUMP) upon methylation by TS generates thymidine monophostate (dTMP). 5FU interrupts the activity of TS and creates a shortage in the levels of dTMP. Thus the rapidly proliferating cells undergo death due to lack of thymidine nucleoside. The drug has successful applications in colorectal
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are crucial among the major pathways that regulate stress responses. There are six conserved and ubiquitous MAPK signalling pathways in mammalian systems that coordinate and integrate responses to various stimuli. The architecture of each pathway is conserved, with the ‘core signalling module’ consisting of a phosphorylation cascade which is mediated by three classes of protein kinases: the MAPK kinase kinase (MAP3K), the MAPK kinase (MAP2K) and the MAPK
DISSEMINATED GERMINOMAS The Therapeutic Challenge INTRODUCTION The prospect of tumours in the paediatric population is heart wrenching for parents and caregivers alike. The instinctive need for humans to care and protect their offspring leads to emotions of despair, anguish and hopelessness. Neurosurgeons are familiar with these emotions, as brain tumours represent the second most common paediatric tumour(1). Germinomas, even though rare, are unique to the paediatric population and adequate
Methanogens are prokaryotes. A prokaryote cell does not contain a membrane-bound nucleus; they range from 0.1 to 10 µm in total cell size. Methanogens are usually either coccoid (spherical) or bacilli (rod shaped). Each cell is surrounded by a plasma membrane. The cell has no subcellular organelles, only infoldings of the plasma membrane called mesosomes. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is condensed within the cytosol to form the nucleoid. The cell walls of Methanogens, like other Archaea, lack
Introduction Axonal death is a main element in many neurodegenerative diseases. It has been observed in many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. Axon degeneration does not necessarily have to involve the typical apoptotic pathway regardless of the morphological similarities to cells undergoing apoptosis. Yang et al. focused on axonal death in traumatic injury because it has been shown to be independent of the necroptotic pathway. This was discovered since
injury through the amount of the enzyme activity – specifically creatine kinase. Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme found in the muscles and presents itself in three distinct forms in the skeleton, brain, and heart. When CK is heightened after a severe impact, it can result in muscle soreness. The increase in CK is typically present within six to twenty-four hours of muscular trauma. Scott & Sanderson (2002) predicted that the creatine kinase would increase in patients after a vehicular impact and become