Amino acids

Metabolism is a process in which chemicals and enzymes break down food in the digestive system to make energy. The food is converted into simple sugars, energy and amino acids with the help of the mitochondria. A body can use this energy right away or it can store the energy in tissues such as liver, muscles, and body fats. A metabolic disorder happens when something goes wrong with the metabolic process because of abnormal chemical reactions. The metabolic disorder causes some substances to be produced

Proteins are biological macromolecules made from smaller building units called amino acids. There are 20 natural occurring amino acids which can combine in various ways to form a polypeptide. There are four distinctive levels of protein structure: primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. The primary structure of a protein is important in determining the final three dimensional structure and hence the role and function of a particular protein, both in the human body and in life around us. The

this level, there is a sequence of amino acids. The way these amino acids are determined is an “R” group, based on this "R" group, an amino acid can vary, such as uncharged, polar and uncharged, basic, as well as acidic. The second group of their structure is called the secondary group, and this group involves the bonding of hydrogen in the amino and carboxyl backbones. The third, or tertiary stage involves various types of bonding between “R” groups of the Amino Acids. The final Quarternary level occurs

Introduction Proteins are linear polymers that consist of monomer units called amino acids. These amino acids are linked end to end by peptide bonds (M. Berg, 2015). The linear, unbranched chain of amino acids will fold into one or a few closely similar three-dimensional structures known as conformations. Conformations of the proteins and the chemical properties of side chain amino acids, determine the function of the protein. Proteins can have functions that are essential for life within the cell

Alzheimer's Report Layers in a Protein Primary folding is the first and most basic layer. This layer contains the sequence of amino acids themselves. The structure and order of the amino acids is important because it helps determine the interaction type seen in the protein while it is folding. The interaction of the amino acids will show what the secondary and tertiary structure of the protein will be. Secondary folding is the second layer. This folding includes structures that extend into one

Elongation is terminated by a stop codon. Stop codon do not code for any amino acid. Protein folding The amino acid sequences derived from decoding the mRNA determines a protein's final conformation, helper proteins aid the newly formed polypeptide with its folding to achieve a proper functional shape. These molecular chaperones are essential

and Enzyme Action Holly Tupper Amino Acids What is an amino acid and its chemical structure? Amino acids are essential for the human body as they are referred to as the building blocks of proteins (Nutriology 2003). They are compounds that contain a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH2) also joined to them are various side groups which are bonded to the alpha carbon (Thermo-fisher 2015). Figure one showing the structure of an amino acid. Date Accessed 12.3.16 https://www

Our genetic material is DNA. A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids otherwise known as a "protein." DNA is used to make polypeptides in a process called protein synthesis. THe assemblance of polypeptides occurs in protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is the process where genetic info is taken from the nucleus and into the ribosome. Protein synthesis uses two RNA molecules and two types of processes called transcription and translation. The two RNA molecules are messenger RNA (mRNA) and transfer

What is cellular autophagy? That is a question with a complex and not yet fully understood answer. The word autophagy is derived from the Greek words auto- and phagy- meaning self-eating. So cellular autophagy is a cell eating itself, also known as Autophagocytosis. Autophagy is a normal physiological process in which cells destroy organelles that are dysfunctional or no longer useful. This paper will cover the processes of autophagy, the function it has in the cell, the significance the process

Introduction Post-exercise nutrition, especially protein, plays an important role of the training regimen amongst athletic population. Post-exercise nutrition is used to improve performance and enhance the body’s recovery process following exercise. This review will focus on the role of protein and carbohydrate utilisation post-exercise and there effects on protein synthesis. Anabolic and catabolic processes are controlled by the neuroendocrine system in response to training. Resistance training