The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter S4, Problem 57EAP
To determine

To Compare:Lifetime of a mini black hole with the age of universe.

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The following quotation is taken from the article “Quantum Black Holes”, by Bernard J. Carr and Steven B. Giddings, in the May 2005 issue of Scientific American. "The total time for a black hole to evaporate away is proportional to the cube of its initial mass. For a solar-mass hole, the lifetime is an unobservably long 1064 years." a. Recall that the solar mass is 2 × 10³0 kilograms. Write a formula for the lifetime, L, of a black hole as a function of its mass, m. Start by finding the value of the constant k, then write your function using the letter k (rather than its value in scientific notation). For example, for a direct variation you would write “L(m) = km”. k = a × 10¹ where a = L(m) = b. The present age mass = c × 10ª kg, where c = A and b = = of the universe is about 10¹0 years. What would be the mass of a black hole as old as the universe? ID and d = J
Name: Hubble Distances Redshift z parameter The relativistic redshift is parametrized by z and given by Δ In terms of the scale factor, 2= X do - de de 1+z= ao a (2) Problem 01. Find the redshift z for a Hydrogen spectral line originally at 656 nm which has been observed at a wavelength of 1.64 μm. Astro 001 Fall 2022 Problem 02. How much smaller was the universe when this light was emitted? U₁ = DHO Using the redshift to measure the velocity, we find D~ (1) 0.1 Hubble's Law Hubble's Law states that the recession velocity of a redshifted galaxy is given by the product of the distance and the Hubble constant. (3) ZC Ho where c = 3 x 108 m/s and Ho = 2.3 x 10-18 s in standard units. The standard measurement of the Hubble constant is Ho = 71 (km/s)/Mpc. Problem 03. What is the distance in Mpc and ly to the galaxy measured in problem 01? 1 pc = 3.26 ly.
The kinetic energy of the ejecta from a supernova explosion is about 10^44 joules. Use the formula for kinetic energy to determine the typical speed at which matter is ejected from a supernova with a mass of 10 Msun. Compare that speed with the Sunʹs orbital speed around our galaxy. Based on your comparison, do you think the galaxyʹs gravity would be strong enough to retain the supernova debris if there were no interstellar medium to slow it down? Explain.
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