Concept explainers
Planning and Control
Many companies use budgets for three purposes. First, they use them to plan how to deploy resources to best serve customers. Second, they use them to establish challenging goals, or stretch targets, to motivate employees to strive for exceptional results. Third, they use them to evaluate and reward employees.
Assume that you are a sales manager working with your boss to create a sales budget for next year. Once the sales budget is established, it will influence how other departments within the company plan to deploy their resources. For example, the manufacturing manager will plan to produce enough units to meet budgeted unit sales. The sales budget will also be instrumental in determining your pay raise, potential for promotion, and bonus. If actual sales exceed the sales budget, it bodes well for your career. If actual sales are less than budgeted sales, it will diminish your financial compensation and potential for promotion.
Required:
- Do you think it would be appropriate for your boss to establish the sales budget without any input from you? Why?
- Do you think the company would be comfortable with allowing you to establish the sales budget without any input from your boss? Why?
- Assume the company uses its sales budget for only one purpose—planning to deploy resources in a manner that best serves customers. What thoughts would influence your estimate of future sales as well as your boss’s estimate of future sales?
- Assume the company uses its sales budget for only one purpose—motivating employees to strive for exceptional results. What thoughts would influence your estimate of future sales as well as your boss’s estimate of future sales?
- Assume the company uses its sales budget for only one purpose—to determine your pay raise, potential for promotion, and bonus. What thoughts would influence your estimate of future sales as well as your boss’s estimate of future sales?
- Assume the sales budget is used for all three purposes described in questions 3—5. Describe any conflicts or complications that might arise when using the sales budget for these three purposes.
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MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING F/MGRS.
- Static budget for a service company A hank manager of City Savings Rank Inc, uses the managerial accounting system to track the costs of operating the various departments within the bank. The departments include Cash Management, Trusts. Commercial Loans Mortgage Loans. Operations, Credit Card, and Branch Services. The static budget and actual results for the Operations Department are as follows: a. What information is provided by the budget? Specifically, what questions can thebank manager ask of the Operations Department manager? b. What information does the static budget fail to provide? Specifically, could the budgetinformation be presented differently to provide even more insight for the bank manager?arrow_forwardFlexible budgeting, performance measurement, and ethics Montevideo Manufacturing, Inc. produces a single type of small motor. The bookkeeper who does not have an in-depth understanding of accounting principles prepared the following performance report with the help of the production manager. In a conversation with the sales manager, the production manager was overheard saying, You sales guys really messed up our May performance, and it is only because production did such a great job controlling costs that we arent in even worse shape. Required: 1. Do you agree with the production manager that the manufacturing area did a good job of controlling costs? 2. Prepare a flexible budget for Montevideo Manufacturings expenses at the following activity levels: 45,000 units, 50,000 units, and 55,000 units. 3. Prepare a revised performance report, using the most appropriate flexible budget from (2) above. 4. Now what is your response to the production managers claim? 5. Assume that you have just been hired as the new accountant. You observe that the production manager is about to receive a large bonus based on the favorable materials, labor, and factory overhead variances indicated in the flexible budget prepared by the bookkeeper. Using the IMA Statement of Ethical Professional Practice as your guide, what standards, if any, apply to your responsibilities in this matter?arrow_forwardWhich approach is most likely to result in employee buy-in to the budget? A. top-down approach B. bottom-up approach C. total participation approach D. basing the budget on the prior yeararrow_forward
- Suppose that the controller of your companys largest factory is a particularly optimistic individual. If you were in charge of developing the master budget, how, if at all, would you be influenced by this knowledge?arrow_forwardFriendly Bank is attempting to determine the cost behavior of its small business lending operations. One of the major activities is the application activity. Two possible activity drivers have been mentioned: application hours (number of hours to complete the application) and number of applications. The bank controller has accumulated the following data for the setup activity: Required: 1. Estimate a regression equation with application hours as the activity driver and the only independent variable. If the bank forecasts 2,600 application hours for the next month, what will be the budgeted application cost? 2. Estimate a regression equation with number of applications as the activity driver and the only independent variable. If the bank forecasts 80 applications for the next month, what will be the budgeted application cost? 3. Which of the two regression equations do you think does a better job of predicting application costs? Explain. 4. Run a multiple regression to determine the cost equation using both activity drivers. What are the budgeted application costs for 2,600 application hours and 80 applications?arrow_forwardBudgeted income statement and supporting budgets The budget director of Gold Medal Athletic Co., with the assistance of the controller, treasurer, production manager, and sales manager, has gathered the following data for use in developing the budgeted income statement for March: Estimated sales for March: Estimated inventories at March 1: Desired inventories at March 31: Direct materials used in production: Anticipated cost of purchases and beginning and ending inventory of direct materials: Direct labor requirements: Estimated factory overhead costs for March: Estimated operating expenses for March: Estimated other revenue and expense for March: Estimated tax rate: 30% Instructions Prepare a sales budget for March. Prepare a production budget for March. Prepare a direct materials purchases budget for March. Prepare a direct labor cost budget for March. Prepare a factory overhead cost budget for March. Prepare a cost of goods sold budget for March. Work in process at the beginning of March is estimated to be 15,300, and work in process at the end of March is desired to be 14,800. Prepare a selling and administrative expenses budget for March. Prepare a budgeted income statement for March.arrow_forward
- A company has prepared the operating budget and the cash budget. It is now preparing the budgeted balance sheet. Identify the document that contains each of these balances. A. cash B. accounts receivable C. finished goods inventory D. accounts payable E. equipment purchasesarrow_forwardBudgeted income statement and supporting budgets The budget director of Birding Homes Feeders Inc., with the assistance of the controller, treasurer, production manager, and sales manager, has gathered the following data for use in developing the budgeted income statement for January: Estimated sales for January: Estimated inventories at January 1: Desired inventories at January 31: Direct materials used in production: Anticipated cost of purchases and beginning and ending inventory of direct materials: Direct labor requirements: Estimated factory overhead costs for January: Estimated operating expenses for January: Estimated other revenue and expense for January: Estimated tax rate: 25% Instructions Prepare a sales budget for January. Prepare a production budget for January. Prepare a direct materials purchases budget for January. Prepare a direct labor cost budget for January. Prepare a factory overhead cost budget for January. Prepare a cost of goods sold budget for January. Work in process at the beginning of January is estimated to be 9,000, and work in process at the end of January is estimated to be 10,500. Prepare a selling and administrative expenses budget for January. Prepare a budgeted income statement for January.arrow_forwardThe actions listed next are associated with either an activity-based operational control system or a traditional operational control system: a. Budgeted costs for the maintenance department are compared with the actual costs of the maintenance department. b. The maintenance department manager receives a bonus for beating budget. c. The costs of resources are traced to activities and then to products. d. The purchasing department is set up as a responsibility center. e. Activities are identified and listed. f. Activities are categorized as adding or not adding value to the organization. g. A standard for a products material usage cost is set and compared against the products actual materials usage cost. h. The cost of performing an activity is tracked over time. i. The distance between moves is identified as the cause of materials handling cost. j. A purchasing agent is rewarded for buying parts below the standard price set by the company. k. The cost of the materials handling activity is reduced dramatically by redesigning the plant layout. l. An investigation is undertaken to find out why the actual labor cost for the production of 1,000 units is greater than the labor standard allowed. m. The percentage of defective units is calculated and tracked over time. n. Engineering has been given the charge to find a way to reduce setup time by 75 percent. o. The manager of the receiving department lays off two receiving clerks so that the fourth-quarter budget can be met. Required: Classify the preceding actions as belonging to either an activity-based operational control system or a traditional control system. Explain why you classified each action as you did.arrow_forward
- Classify each of the following actions as either being associated with the financial accounting information system (FS) or the cost management information system (CMS): a. Determining the total compensation of the CEO of a public company b. Issuing a quarterly earnings report c. Determining the unit product cost using TDABC d. Calculating the number of units that must be sold to break even e. Preparing a required report for the SEC f. Preparing a sales budget g. Using cost and revenue information to decide whether to keep, or drop, a product line h. Preparing an annual statement of financial position that conforms to generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) i. Using cost and revenue information to decide whether to invest in a new production system or not j. Reducing costs by improving the overall quality of a product k. Using a debt-equity ratio and liquidity ratios from a balance sheet to assess the likelihood of bankruptcy l. Using a public companys financial statements to decide whether or not to buy its stockarrow_forwardThe first step in preparing the sales budget is to a. prepare a sales forecast. b. review the production budget carefully. c. assess the desired ending inventory of finished goods. d. talk with past customers. e. increase sales beyond the forecast level.arrow_forwardBehavioral Aspects of Budgeting; Ethics and the Manager Norton Company, a manufacturer of infant furniture and carriages, is in the initial stages of preparing the annual budget for next year. Scott Ford has recently joined Norton’s accounting staff and wants to learn as much as possible about the company’s budgeting process. During a recent lunch with Marge Atkins, sales manager, and Pete Granger, production manager, Ford initiated the following conversation. Ford: Since I’m new around here and am going to be involved with the preparation of the annual budget, I’d be interested to learn how the two of you estimate sales and production numbers. Atkins: We start out very methodically by looking at recent history, discussing what we know about current accounts, potential customers, and the general state of consumer spending. Then, we add that usual dose of intuition to come up with the best forecast we can. Granger: I usually rake the sales projections as the basis for my projections. Of…arrow_forward
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