Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 9.6CR
Summary Introduction
To describe: The intersection of catabolic pathways of glycolysis and citric acid cycle with anabolic pathways with reference to
Concept introduction:
“Catabolism” is meant to be metabolic pathways that generate energy (ATP) through break down of molecules into smaller units that on oxidation release energy or used in other anabolic reactions. “Anabolic pathways” require energy to synthesize larger molecules.
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Describe how the catabolic pathways of glycolysis and the citric acidcycle intersect with anabolic pathways in the metabolism of a cell.
Of the 36 molecules of ATP produced by the complete metabolism of glucose, how many are produced directly in glycolysis alone, that is, before the common pathway?
a) How many moles of ATP can be gained from the catabolism of the following substrates to pyruvate?
2 Mole mannose
2 Mole lactose
mole glycerol.
b) Name three metabolic processes in the cell that are enhanced and two that are inhibited in response to the hormone insulin
Chapter 9 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic...Ch. 9.1 - WHAT IF? If the following redox reaction...Ch. 9.2 - VISUAL SKILLS During the redox reaction in...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - What process in your cells produce the CO2 that...Ch. 9.3 - VISUAL SKILLS The conversions shown in Figure...Ch. 9.4 - WHAT IF? What effect would an absence of O2 have...Ch. 9.4 - WHAT IF? In the absence of O2 as in question 1,...Ch. 9.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Membranes must be fluid to...Ch. 9.5 - Consider the NADH formed during glycolysis. What...
Ch. 9.5 - WHAT IF? A glucose-fed yeast cell is moved from...Ch. 9.6 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare the structure of a fat...Ch. 9.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 9.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.6 - VISUAL SKILLS During intense exercise, can a...Ch. 9 - Describe the difference between the two processes...Ch. 9 - Which reactions in glycolysis are the source of...Ch. 9 - What molecular products indicate the complete...Ch. 9 - Briefly explain the mechanism by which ATP...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5CRCh. 9 - Prob. 9.6CRCh. 9 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The immediate...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 9 - 3. The final electron acceptor of the electron...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 9 - What is the oxidizing agent in the following...Ch. 9 - When electrons flow along the electron transport...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 9 - MAKE CONNECTIONS The proton pump shown in Figures...Ch. 9 - VISUAL SKILLS This Computer model shows the four...Ch. 9 - INTERPRET THE DATA Phosphofructokinase is an...Ch. 9 - DRAW IT The graph here shows the pH difference...Ch. 9 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION AIP synthases are found in...Ch. 9 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY In the 1930s, some physicians...Ch. 9 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ORGANIZATION In a short essay...Ch. 9 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is sold...
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- match the cofactor with its function in the citric acid cycle by entering the number corresponding with the function. A given function may be used more than one time or not at all. Use from the following list of functions to fill in the table below: carries O2 carries small carbon-containing molecules carries e- carries small nitrogen-containing molecules Cofactor Function NAD+/NADH FAD/FADH2 CoA thiamine biotinarrow_forwardIndicate whether the following statements are true or false:- a) The pentose phosphate pathway of glucose oxidation can lead to the release of energy. b) NAD + is a coenzyme of transketolase.arrow_forwardIdentify the primary catabolic purpose of the citric acid cyclearrow_forward
- Identify the enzymes that are considered rate limiting in glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.arrow_forwardDescribe the relationships of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation in terms of their inputs and outputs.arrow_forwardIn the living cell, free energy made from one reaction can be used to drive another in an energetically unfavorable direction, provided the two reactions have a common intermediate (this is termed the principle of common intermediates). Example: In glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvate; in gluconeogenesis, pyruvate is converted into glucose. However, the actual ΔG for the formation of pyruvate from glucose is about -84 kJ/mol under typical cellular conditions. Most of the decrease in free energy in glycolysis takes place in three essentially irreversible steps catalyzed by, hexokinase, pyruvate kinase and phosphofructokinase. Use one of the 3 opposing reactions (in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis) to demonstrate the PRINCIPLE OF COMMON INTERMEDIATESarrow_forward
- how many net ATP molecules does the citric acid cycle generate in total? Consider both ATP generated directly by the citric acid cycle and ATP generated downstream in oxidative phosphorylation using other molecuies generated by the citric acid cycle For your answer, consider ATP and GTP to be equivalent A) 32 B) 20 C) 2 D) 10 E) 1arrow_forwardExplain how cytosolic pyruvate from glycolysis results in formation of ATP in mitochondria. Please highlight stages where substrate-level Phosphorylation and Oxidative Phosphorylation occur.arrow_forwardOnly the one question displayed is neededarrow_forward
- c) Some scientists debate whether it is correct to consider pyruvate as “the end of glycolysis”. Elaborate on this statement, discussing supporting and limiting facts.arrow_forwardWhich statement best describes the reason why some of the reactions of glycolysis cannot be run in reverse in gluconeogenesis? 1) The last reactions occur in mitochondria and reactions there can never be reversed. 2) Glycolysis includes isomerization reactions and these can never be reversed. 3) There are some allaşteric enzymes and allosteric enzymes can never be reversed. 4) Some reactions have such large negative free energy changes that they can never be reversed under cellular conditions. Oarrow_forwardThe last step of glycolysis converts phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. Several intermediates involved in the steps for the conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate via gluconeogenesis are given. Choose and place the right intermediates produced from these steps in the correct order. (Select from: Oxaloacetate, Ethanol, Pyruvate, Ketoglutarate, Phosphoenolpyruvate, Malate, Fumarate) _________ → _________ → _________ → __________ → Phosphoenolpyruvatearrow_forward
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