World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
World of Chemistry, 3rd edition
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781133109655
Author: Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher: Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 40A
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mass of iron (III) oxide produced on heating 1.25 g of iron and 0.0204 mole of oxygen gas needs to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The ratio of the mass of a substance to its molar mass is said to be the number of moles of that substance.

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Answer to Problem 40A

The mass of iron (III) oxide produced on heating 1.25 g of iron and 0.0204 mole of oxygen gas is 1.76 g .

Explanation of Solution

The chemical equation for the formation of iron(III) oxide from iron and oxygen gas is:

  Fe(s) + O2(g)Fe2O3(s)

The above reaction is not balanced as the number of atoms of Fe and O is 1 and 2 on the reactant side and 2 and 3 on the product side.So in order to balance the reaction, coefficient 4 and 3 are written before Fe and O2 respectively on the reactant side and coefficient 2 is written before Fe2O3 on the product side. Thus, the balanced equation is:

  4Fe(s) + 3O2(g)2Fe2O3(s)

The mass of iron (III) oxide produced will be calculated after determining the limiting reagent (The reagent in a reaction that controls the amount of product formed is termed as limiting reagent. After completion of chemical reaction, the limiting reagent is fully utilized.):

Calculating the moles of iron as:

  Number of moles=MassMolar mass

The molar mass of iron is 55.845 g/mol. The number of moles of ironwill be:

  nFe=1.25 g55.845 g/molnFe=0.022 mol

The given mole of oxygen gas is 0.0204 mol.

In the above-balanced reaction, 4.0 mol of Fe reacts with 3.0 mol of O2 . So, the number of moles of Fe required to react with 0.0204 mol of O2 is:

  0.0204 mol of O2×4 mol of Fe3 mol of O2 = 0.0272 mol of Fe

Since, the required moles of Fe is 0.0272 mol and the available amount is 0.022 mol , so Fe is the limiting reactant and O2 is present in excess. So, the amount of iron(III) oxide formed will depend on the number of moles of Fe :

From the balanced chemical reaction, the mole ratio of Fe and iron(III) oxide is 4:2 so, the number of moles of water iron(III) oxide from 0.022 mol of Fe is:

  0.022 mol of Fe×2 mol of Fe2O34 mol of Fe = 0.011 mol of Fe2O3

Now, the mass of iron(III) oxide produced is calculated as:

The molar mass of iron(III) oxide is 159.69 g/mol. So,

  Number of moles=MassMolar mass0.011 mol=Mass159.69 g/molMass = 0.011 mol×159.69 g/molMass = 1.76 g

Hence, the mass of iron (III) oxide produced on heating 1.25 g of iron and 0.0204 mole of oxygen gas is 1.76 g .

Chapter 9 Solutions

World of Chemistry, 3rd edition

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