Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 9, Problem 3AWK
Everyone knows that bacteria can cause disease. Suppose that we could actually remove all bacteria from our bodies all at once. Would that be a good thing or a bad thing?
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A Cure for Beriberi
In 1887, a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was beriberi. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite. Victims often died of heart failure. Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood patients with beriberi. The injected chickens became sick. However, those groups of chickens that were not injected with bacteria also became sick.One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, noticed something. Before the experiment, all chickens had eaten whole grain rice, but during the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case. He found that polished rice lack thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 9 - Prob. 1QCCh. 9 - Prob. 2QCCh. 9 - Define the term pathogen and give some examples.Ch. 9 - Prob. 2CRCh. 9 - Prob. 3CRCh. 9 - Prob. 4CRCh. 9 - Prob. 5CRCh. 9 - Describe in general terms the distinction between...Ch. 9 - Describe the concept of an antigen and how it...Ch. 9 - Prob. 8CR
Ch. 9 - Prob. 9CRCh. 9 - Prob. 10CRCh. 9 - Prob. 1TYCh. 9 - Prob. 2TYCh. 9 - Prob. 3TYCh. 9 - Prob. 4TYCh. 9 - Prob. 5TYCh. 9 -
6. Which of the following is a benefit of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYCh. 9 -
8. The following are steps in phagocytosis: (1)...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9TYCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYCh. 9 - Prob. 11TYCh. 9 - Prob. 12TYCh. 9 - Which of the following increases the likelihood of...Ch. 9 - Which of the following does not belong with the...Ch. 9 - Which of the following statements about HIV is...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 9 - Prob. 2AWKCh. 9 -
3. Everyone knows that bacteria can cause...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4AWKCh. 9 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 9 - Why is it that most people get the chicken pox...Ch. 9 - The immune system is supposed to defend us from...
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- It was not until 1928 that penicillin, the first true antibiotic, was discovered by Alexander Fleming, Professor of Bacteriology at St. Mary's Hospital in London. Penicillin heralded the dawn of the antibiotic age. Before its introduction there was no effective treatment for infections such as pneumonia, gonorrhea or rheumatic fever. Hospitals were full of people with blood poisoning contracted from a cut or a scratch, and doctors could do little for them but wait and hope. 1. What is the mechanism of action of penicillin? 2. Cells treated with penicillin do not die immediately, so how this antibiotic is effective? 3. Why penicillin is most effective against Gram-positive bacteria? 4. Explain penicillin resistance mechanisms among bacteria today and the causes why they gained this resistance and making this great life-saving drug not usable anymore.arrow_forwardSuppose you got ill. When you have come to the doctor,he gave you antibiotics medication without doing any kind of test. What do youthink about which type of microbe attacked the body? And why do doctors recommend antibiotics? Is it okay to have antibiotics without any test report? Do yousupport antibiotic resistance? If yes/no please elaborately discuss yourthoughts.arrow_forwardAntibiotic-resistant bacteria have become a stubborn challenge for scientists. Should bacteriophages be used to save the lives of patients in which other treatments have failed?arrow_forward
- Many disease-causing microbes do not cause disease in every host. Describe a possible reason for why one person gets an infection from the same bacteria that doesn't affect other people.arrow_forwardB. The Strange Case of BeriBeri In 1887 a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was BeriBeri. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite. Victims often died of heart failure. Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. The injected chickens became sick. However, so did a group of chickens that were not injected with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, noticed something. Before the experiment, all the chickens had eaten whole-grain rice, but during the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case. he found that polished rice lacked thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health. 1. State the Problem. 2. What was the hypothesis? 3. How was the hypothesis tested? 4. Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the experiment?…arrow_forwardGain of Function research, defined as: "medical research that genetically alters an organism in a way that may enhance the biological functions of gene products." The worry is that this type of research will lead to the release of dangerous viruses and is unethical; others believe it is necessary to treat future pandemic is Gain of Function research unethical? Why?arrow_forward
- The Ebola virus is an enveloped, helical ssRNA virus that replicates quickly. Given this information, which one of the following is a reason why Ebola infection is difficult to fight (both by our bodies and by treatments)? Question 6 options: Because it has many genes and thus replication is slow. Because it doesn't have a membrane. Because viral RNA polymerases make a lot of mistakes. Because it can integrate into the host cell DNA. Previous PageNext Pagearrow_forwardB. The Strange Case of BeriBeri In 1887 a strange nerve disease attacked the people in the Dutch East Indies. The disease was BeriBeri. Symptoms of the disease included weakness and loss of appetite. Victims often died of heart failure. Scientists thought the disease might be caused by bacteria. They injected chickens with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. The injected chickens became sick. However, so did a group of chickens that were not injected with bacteria from the blood of patients with BeriBeri. One of the scientists, Dr. Eijkman, noticed something. Before the experiment, all the chickens had eaten whole-grain rice, but during the experiment, the chickens were fed polished rice. Dr. Eijkman researched this interesting case. he found that polished rice lacked thiamine, a vitamin necessary for good health. 1. State the Problem. 2. What was the hypothesis? 3. How was the hypothesis tested? 4. Should the hypothesis be supported or rejected based on the experiment?…arrow_forwardImagine that you are a student in Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase’s lab in the late 1940s. You are given five test tubes containing E. coli bacteria infected with T2 bacteriophages that have been labeled with either 32P or 35S. Unfortunately, you forget to mark the tubes and are now uncertain about which were labeled with 32P and which with 35S. You place the contents of each tube in a blender and turn it on for a few seconds to shear off the phage protein coats. You then centrifuge the contents to separate the protein coats and the cells. You check for the presence of radioactivity and obtain the following results. Which tubes contained E. coli infected with 32P-labeled phage? Explain your answer. Tube number Radioactivity present in 1 Cells 2 Protein coats 3 Protein coats 4 Cells 5 Cellsarrow_forward
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