Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780190209896
Author: Trudy McKee, James R. McKee
Publisher: Oxford University Press
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Question
Chapter 9, Problem 20RQ
Summary Introduction
To review:
The detailed structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
Introduction:
Pyruvate gets converted to acetyl coenzyme (Co)Aunder anaerobic conditions. This CoA is oxidized to carbon dioxide in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. The generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) occurs. The process occurs in the cytoplasm. A pyruvate transporter takes it to mitochondria. Pyruvate gets decarboxylated oxidatively. It forms acetyl CoA by the action of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC).
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In the glyoxylate cycle, two molecules of acetyl-CoA areconverted into _______________ and malate.
A metabolic pathway that functions in both anabolic andcatabolic processes is called an _____________________pathway.
_____________ pathways can function in both anabolic and catabolic processes.
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biochemistry: The Molecular Basis of Life
Ch. 9 - Prob. 1QCh. 9 - Prob. 2QCh. 9 - Prob. 3QCh. 9 - Prob. 4QCh. 9 - Prob. 5QCh. 9 - Prob. 6QCh. 9 - Prob. 7QCh. 9 - Prob. 1RQCh. 9 - Prob. 2RQCh. 9 - Prob. 3RQ
Ch. 9 - Prob. 4RQCh. 9 - Prob. 5RQCh. 9 - Prob. 6RQCh. 9 - Prob. 7RQCh. 9 - Prob. 8RQCh. 9 - Prob. 9RQCh. 9 - Prob. 10RQCh. 9 - Prob. 11RQCh. 9 - Prob. 12RQCh. 9 - Prob. 13RQCh. 9 - Prob. 14RQCh. 9 - Prob. 15RQCh. 9 - Prob. 16RQCh. 9 - Prob. 17RQCh. 9 - Prob. 18RQCh. 9 - Prob. 19RQCh. 9 - Prob. 20RQCh. 9 - Prob. 21RQCh. 9 - Prob. 22RQCh. 9 - Prob. 23RQCh. 9 - Prob. 24RQCh. 9 - Prob. 25RQCh. 9 - Prob. 26RQCh. 9 - Prob. 27RQCh. 9 - Prob. 28FBCh. 9 - Prob. 29FBCh. 9 - Prob. 30FBCh. 9 - Prob. 31FBCh. 9 - Prob. 32FBCh. 9 - Prob. 33FBCh. 9 - Prob. 34FBCh. 9 - Prob. 35FBCh. 9 - Prob. 36FBCh. 9 - Prob. 37FBCh. 9 - Prob. 38SACh. 9 - Prob. 39SACh. 9 - Prob. 40SACh. 9 - Prob. 41SACh. 9 - Prob. 42SACh. 9 - Prob. 43TQCh. 9 - Prob. 44TQCh. 9 - Prob. 45TQCh. 9 - Prob. 46TQCh. 9 - Prob. 47TQCh. 9 - Prob. 48TQCh. 9 - Prob. 49TQCh. 9 - Prob. 50TQCh. 9 - Prob. 51TQCh. 9 - Prob. 52TQCh. 9 - Prob. 53TQCh. 9 - Prob. 54TQCh. 9 - Prob. 55TQCh. 9 - Prob. 56TQCh. 9 - Prob. 57TQCh. 9 - Prob. 58TQCh. 9 - Prob. 59TQ
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- Orotic aciduria is an autosomal recessive disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme UMP synthase (a bifunctional protein composed of orotate pyrophosphoribosyl transferase and OMP decarboxylase activities). What symptom accounts for the disease’s name? Suggest a possible treatment.arrow_forward_____________ is a small matrix protein that functions as an electron acceptor for dehydrogenases in fatty acid oxidation.arrow_forwardQUESTION 12.10 Identify each of the following biomolecules: H HN `NH CH3 -CH2 COA-S CH2 CH3 S-ACP -R (a) (b) (c) (d) What is the function of each?arrow_forward
- Glycogen phosphorylase, an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of glycogen to form glucose, is active when a phosphate group is added. This is an example of enzyme regulation by ____________________________.arrow_forwardWhat is ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC)deficiency ?arrow_forwardQUESTION 2 Consider the chemical transformation in the reaction shown below. Select the fermentation or gluconeogenesis enzyme that catalyzes the most similar type of transformation. NAD H NAD O: HO Pyruvate decarboxylase Lactate dehydrogenase/alcohol dehydrogenase O Pyruvate carboxylase O Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase/glucose 6-phosphatasearrow_forward
- The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl‑CoA. E1E1 , E2E2 , and E3E3 are abbreviations for the enzymes of the complex. Classify the enzyme names, prosthetic groups, and reactions as E1E1 , E2E2 , or E3E3 .arrow_forwardThe enzyme Malate Dehydrogenase (MD) catalyzes the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) as an enzyme cofactor (or coenzyme). Answer the following questions about this reaction. See pp. 462-467 of your textbook for further information. (a) Briefly explain how we know that this reaction (malate → oxaloacetate) is an oxidation- reduction reaction. (b) Write out the two reductive half reactions and indicate the ɛº' for each half reaction. Write out the full balanced reaction for the malate to oxaloacetate reaction and indicate the Ae°l for the reaction. (c) What is the free energy change under standard state conditions (AGº') for this reaction? Which direction is spontaneous?arrow_forwardWhy is phenylketonuria resulting from dihydropteridine reductase deficiency a more serious disorder than PKU resulting from phenylalaninehydroxylase deficiency?arrow_forward
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