Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960961
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 1P
To determine
What fraction of photons survive a trip of 1000 pc?
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What is the ratio of the percent of metals in extreme Population I stars (3%) to that in extreme Population II stars (0.05%)?
NpopI
NpopII
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A planetary nebula expanded in radius 0.3 arc seconds in 30 years. Doppler measurements show the nebula is expanding at a rate of 35 km/s. How far away is the nebula in parsecs?
First, determine what distance the nebular expanded in parsecs during the time mentioned. Δd = vpc/sTs
So we first need to convert the rate into pc/s and the time into seconds:
vpc/s = vkm/s (1 pc / 3.09 x 1013km)
vpc/s = ?
Ts = (Tyr)(365 days/yr)(24 hrs/day)(3600 s/hr)
Ts = ? s
Δd= vpc/sTs
Therefore, Δd = ? pc
Interstellar extinction dims starlight by about 1 magnitude per 1000 pc.
What fraction of photons survives a trip of 1000 pc?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Horizons: Exploring the Universe (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 9 - Prob. 1RQCh. 9 - Why evidence can you cite that the interstellar...Ch. 9 - Prob. 3RQCh. 9 - Prob. 4RQCh. 9 - Prob. 5RQCh. 9 - Prob. 6RQCh. 9 - Prob. 7RQCh. 9 - Prob. 8RQCh. 9 - Prob. 9RQCh. 9 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 9 - Prob. 11RQCh. 9 - Prob. 12RQCh. 9 - How does the CNO cycle differ from the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 14RQCh. 9 - Step-by-step, explain how energy flows from the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 16RQCh. 9 - Prob. 17RQCh. 9 - Prob. 18RQCh. 9 - Prob. 19RQCh. 9 - Prob. 20RQCh. 9 - Prob. 1DQCh. 9 - What is your favorite home-cooked meal? In terms...Ch. 9 - Prob. 3DQCh. 9 - How does hydrostatic equilibrium relate to hot-air...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1PCh. 9 - Prob. 2PCh. 9 - Prob. 3PCh. 9 - Prob. 4PCh. 9 - Prob. 5PCh. 9 - Prob. 6PCh. 9 - Prob. 7PCh. 9 - Prob. 8PCh. 9 - Prob. 9PCh. 9 - Prob. 10PCh. 9 - If a protostellar disk is 200 AU in radius and the...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12PCh. 9 - Prob. 13PCh. 9 - Prob. 14PCh. 9 - H much energy is produced when the CNO cycle...Ch. 9 - Prob. 16PCh. 9 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 9 - Prob. 2LTL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Analyzing the spectrum of a distant galaxy, you discover evidence that a type la supernova is occurring in that galaxy. A type la supernova has a peak luminosity of about 1010 solar luminosities (1 solar luminosity = 3.8e26 Watts). Looking at an image of the galaxy, you estimate that here on earth your telescope only sees a brightness of 8.45E-10 Watts/m². Using this information and the brightness equation, how distant is the galaxy in which the supernova is occurring? Give your answer in It yrs.arrow_forwardIf the hottest star in the Carina Nebula has a surface temperature of 51,000 K, at what wavelength (in nm) does it radiate the most energy? Hint: Use Wien's law: ?max = 2.90 ✕ 106 nm · K T How does that compare with 91.2 nm, the wavelength of photons with just enough energy to ionize hydrogen? -The wavelength calculated above is shorter than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will have more than enough energy to ionize hydrogen. -The wavelength calculated above is longer than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will have more than enough energy to ionize hydrogen. -The wavelength calculated above is shorter than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will not have enough energy to ionize hydrogen. -The wavelength calculated above is longer than 91.2 nm. Photons at this calculated wavelength will not have enough energy to ionize hydrogen.arrow_forwardFor each problem, use the following values: c = 3x108 m/s mass of the sun = 1.989 x 1030 kg luminosity of the sun = 3.828 x 1026 W 1 AU = 1.496 x 1011 m 1 pc = 3.262 light years = 3.086 x 1016 m 1 year=3.154x107 seconds Critical density of our Universe (expressed as a mass density): Pcrit =8.7 x 10-27 kg m-³ Critical energy density of our Universe: Ecrit = Pcrit c² G=6.674 × 10-11 m³.kg-1.s-2 1 eV = 1.60218 x10-19. Boltzmann constant: kg = 1.381 x 10-23 JK-18.617 × 10-5eV K-1 energy density constant (in Stefan Boltzmann Law): a = 7.566 x 10-16 Jm-3 K-4 -4.7 x 10-³ MeV m-3 K-4 Constant in Wein displacement law: b = 2.898 x 10-3 m K baryon-to-photon ratio, n = 6 x 10-10arrow_forward
- A star is transited by a planet. From the measured period T and the transit duration t alone, show that one can obtain an upper bound on the density of the transited star : rhomax= 3T/(G(pi2)(t3)). Hint: Combine Kepler's Law [(omega2)(a3)=GMstar and the equation t=((rstarT)/(pi*a))*(1-b2)1/2 to eliminate a, and then extract the density of the spherical star. The upper bound is obtained by assuming an impact parameter b=0.arrow_forwardWhy is star formation more likely to occur in cold molecular clouds than in regions where the temperature of the interstellar medium is several hundred thousand degrees?arrow_forwardH II regions can exist only if there is a nearby star hot enough to ionize hydrogen. Hydrogen is ionized only by radiation with wavelengths shorter than 91.2 nm. What is the temperature of a star that emits its maximum energy at 91.2 nm? (Use Wien’s law from Radiation and Spectra.) Based on this result, what are the spectral types of those stars likely to provide enough energy to produce H II regions?arrow_forward
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