Sustainable Energy
Sustainable Energy
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781337551663
Author: DUNLAP, Richard A.
Publisher: Cengage,
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Chapter 9, Problem 13P
To determine

Find the maximum acceptable installation cost.

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The annual average insolation for a fixed solar panel in city A is 350 W/m2. On the other hand, city B has a figure of 300 W/m?. For both locations, the solar panel has the capability to convert 17% of the incident energy into electricity. Average annual electricity in City A is 13 000 kWh with an average cost of $0.4/kWh, while in city B, it is 10 000 kWh at a cost of $0.75/kWh. For City A, a. Determine the area of the solar panel needed in order to suffice the average electrical needs of a residence. b. Determine the area of the solar panel needed in order to suffice the average electrical needs of a residence in City B. c. Determine the price per square meter of solar panel in City A if the device has a lifetime of 20 years. Assume that the electricity costs are constant throughout the period. d. Determine the price per square meter of solar panel in City B if the device has a lifetime of 20 years. Assume that the electricity costs are constant throughout the period.
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A 2 x 2 m flat plate solar collector for domestic hot water heating is shown in the figure. The incident solar radiation on the glass cover, which transmits 90% of the incident flux, is 750 W/m2. Water flows through the tubes soldered to the backside of the absorber plate, entering at a temperature of 25°C. The temperature of the glass cover is 27°C, and it radiates heat with an emissivity of 0.92 to the sky at –50°C. Additionally, the glass cover losses heat by convection to air at 20°C flowing over its surface at 30 km/h. Assume that the radiation heat transfer between the absorber plate and glass cover and the heat transfer through the back and sides of the collector is negligible.
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