Determine the tube diameter that corresponds to a
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- Merrill et al. (1965) in a series of classic experiments studied the flow of blood in capillary tubes of various diameters. The blood had a hematocrit of 39.3 and the temperature was 20°C. They measured the pressure drop as a function of the flow rate for five tube diameters ranging from 288 to 850 μm. When they expressed the measured pressure drops in terms of the wall shear stress, and the volumetric flow rates in terms of the reduced average velocity, all of the data for the various tube sizes formed, within the experimental accuracy, a single line as predicted by the Rabinowitsch equation expressed in terms of reduced average velocity. From their results they provide the following values of the Casson parameters at 20°C: τy = 0.0289 dynes cm−2 and s = 0.229 (dynes s cm−2)1/2. Using these values for τy and s, show that the equation below for reduced average velocity provides an excellent fit to their data summarized in the following table. (Wall shear stress) τw , dynes cm-2…arrow_forwardIn the final stages of production, a pharmaceutical is sterilized by heating it from 25 to 75°C as it moves at 0.19 m/s through a straight thin-walled stainless steel tube of 12.7-mm diameter. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface of the tube. If the tube is 10 m long, what is the required heat flux? If fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature profile, what is the surface temperature at the tube exit? Fluid properties may be approximated as p = 1000 kg/m³, cp = 4000 J/kg-K, μ = 2 × 10-³ kg/s-m, k = 0.8 W/m-K, and Pr = 10. Determine the required heat flux, W/m². q'" W/m² Determine the surface temperature at the tube exit, in °C. = i °C 8,0arrow_forwardIn the final stages of production, a pharmaceutical is sterilized by heating it from 25 to 75°C as it moves at 0.19 m/s through a straight thin-walled stainless steel tube of 12.7-mm diameter. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface of the tube. If the tube is 10 m long, what is the required heat flux? If fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature profile, what is the surface temperature at the tube exit? Fluid properties may be approximated as p = 1000 kg/m³, c, = 4000 J/kg-K, µ = 2x 10-3 kg/s-m, k = 0.8 W/m-K, and Pr = 10. Determine the required heat flux, W/m². W/m2 Determine the surface temperature at the tube exit, in °C. T = °C i S,0 Physical Properties Mathematical Functionsarrow_forward
- In the final stages of production, a pharmaceutical is sterilized by heating it from 25 to 75°C as it moves at 0.22 m/s through a straight thin-walled stainless steel tube of 12.7-mm diameter. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface of the tube. If the tube is 10 m long, what is the required heat flux? If fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature profile, what is the surface temperature at the tube exit? Fluid properties may be approximated as ρ=ρ= 1000 kg/m3, cp=cp= 4000 J/kg·K, μ=μ= 2 × 10-3 kg/s·m, k=k= 0.8 W/m·K, and Pr=Pr= 10.arrow_forwardIn the final stages of production, a pharmaceutical is sterilized by heating it from 25 to 75°C as it moves at 0.22 m/s through a straight thin-walled stainless steel tube of 12.7-mm diameter. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface of the tube. If the tube is 10 m long, what is the required heat flux? If fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature profile, what is the surface temperature at the tube exit? Fluid properties may be approximated as p = 1000 kg/m³, cp = 4000 J/kg-K, μ = 2 × 10³ kg/s-m, k = 0.8 W/m-K, and Pr = 10. Determine the required heat flux, W/m². q'" = W/m² i Determine the surface temperature at the tube exit, in °C. Tso = °C Physical Properties Mathematical Functionsarrow_forwardIn the final stages of production, a pharmaceutical is sterilized by heating it from 25 to 75°C as it moves at 0.21 m/s through a straight thin-walled stainless steel tube of 12.7-mm diameter. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface of the tube. If the tube is 10 m long, what is the required heat flux? If fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature profile, what is the surface temperature at the tube exit? Fluid properties may be approximated as p = 1000 kg/m³, cp = 4000 J/kg-K, µ = 2x 10-3 kg/s-m, k = 0.8 W/m-K, and Pr = 10. Determine the required heat flux, W/m2?. q = i W/m? Determine the surface temperature at the tube exit, in °C. i °Carrow_forward
- Please do it on a paper. Thank youarrow_forwardA long and wide heated plate is maintained at uniform temperature. You have to calculate the flux from the plate if a fluid is flowing over the plate at 1 m/s. The length of the plate in the direction of the flow is 10 m. The fluid is air. Temperature of the plate is 60°C and temperature of average heat 81-3 u 10°C.arrow_forwardIn the final stages of production, a pharmaceutical is sterilized by heating it from 25 to 75°C as it moves at 0.15 m/s through a straight thin-walled stainless steel tube of 12.7-mm diameter. A uniform heat flux is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface of the tube. If the tube is 10 m long, what is the required heat flux? If fluid enters the tube with a fully developed velocity profile and a uniform temperature profile, what is the surface temperature at the tube exit? Fluid properties may be approximated as p = 1000 kg/m³,cp = 4000 J/kg-K,₁ μ = 2 x 10³ kg/s-m, k = 0.8 W/m-K, and Pr = 10. Determine the required heat flux, W/m². q" = i W/m² Determine the surface temperature at the tube exit, in °C. Tsp = i °Carrow_forward
- answer=correctarrow_forward11 An airstream of speed 160 m/s and temperature 3000 K travels on the inside of a 30 cm I.D. steel tube whose wall thickness is 2.5 mm. On the outside of the tube, water coolant flows coaxially in an annular space 6.1 mm thick. The coolant velocity is 10 m/s, and it has a local temperature of 15°C. Both flows are approximately fully developed. The pressure of the airstream is around 140 kPa. Estimate the maximum wall temperature of the tube.arrow_forward4. Compute for the Nusselt value of a forced convection through an elliptical duct at constant Ts, where a/b=8. The temperature of the fluid at the inlet is higher than at the exit. Flow is fully developed with Re = 33,370 and Pr = 0.693arrow_forward
- Principles of Heat Transfer (Activate Learning wi...Mechanical EngineeringISBN:9781305387102Author:Kreith, Frank; Manglik, Raj M.Publisher:Cengage Learning