Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 8, Problem 2CQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The function of NADPH during the Calvin cycle.
Introduction: The researcher Melvin Calvin, Andrew Adam Benson along with their colleagues discovered the Calvin cycle. This is an energy driven cycle that requires six carbon dioxide molecules to synthesise one molecule of glucose using 18 ATP molecules and 12 NADPH molecules.
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ATP is produced by chemiosmosis in photosynthesis". Identify where and how this chemical gradient is formed?how this is driving the ATP synthesis. Mention where the light dependent and light independent reactions of photosynthesis take place along with the functional end product(s) of these two stages. Dark and light reactions of photosynthesis are interconnected, how?
Which of the following questions is most relevant to understanding the
Calvin cycle?
A How does chlorophyll capture light?
B How is ATP used in the formation of 3-carbon carbohydrates?
C How is NADP+ reduced to NADPH?
D How is ATP produced in chemiosmosis?
Effects of low NADP+ levels in the non-cyclic light reactions of photosynthesis? (Increase, decrease, or no effect)
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 8.1 - Core Skill: Modeling The goal of this modeling...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 2CSCh. 8.1 - Can the Calvin cycle occur in the dark?Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 8.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 8.2 - Why does cyclic photophosphorylation provide an...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 6CCCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1CC
Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.4 - Prob. 1EQCh. 8.4 - Prob. 2EQCh. 8.4 - Prob. 3EQCh. 8.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 8.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8 - The water necessary for photosynthesis a. is split...Ch. 8 - In PSII, P68o differs from the pigment molecules...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3TYCh. 8 - Prob. 4TYCh. 8 - Prob. 5TYCh. 8 - Prob. 6TYCh. 8 - Prob. 7TYCh. 8 - Prob. 8TYCh. 8 - Prob. 9TYCh. 8 - Prob. 10TYCh. 8 - Prob. 1CQCh. 8 - Prob. 2CQCh. 8 - Prob. 3CQCh. 8 - Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of being...Ch. 8 - Biotechnologists are trying to genetically modify...
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- Topic: Photosynthesis Hi. I'm having trouble determining the answer to this question. I would like to say it would be Water and NADPH. However, I am not confident. Would you help me with this question? Thank you. Original Question: The chloroplast electron transport chain requires a continuous donation of electrons from ___________ , which are used ultimately to reduce a molecule of ___________ .arrow_forwardDo cycle enzymes get activated when the levels of NADPH in the stroma increases during the calvin cycle? And would the cycle stop if RuBP does not regenerate in the calvin cycle?arrow_forwardATP is generated following the oxidation of NADH during which of the following stages of aerobic cellular respiration? Question options: Krebs cycle glycolysis this process does NOT occur during any of the listed stages electron transport pathway Calvin cyclearrow_forward
- The compound Carbonyl cyanide-p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl hydrazone (FCCP) acts as an uncoupler of electrochemical gradients (in both mitochondria and chloroplasts) by shuttling protons across membranes. Predict the effect of a high dose of FCCP on the synthesis of ATP and NADPH in photosynthesis. Rationalize your answersAnswer separately with prediction and reason please thank you so mucharrow_forwardA decrease in entropy occurs during the CO2 uptake phase of the Calvin cycle, as freely moving CO2 molecules become fixed into a carbon skeleton. How can this occur without direct participation by NADPH and/or ATP?arrow_forwardWhat are the stages of the Calvin-Benson cycle? Select all that apply. The resulting unstable six-carbon molecule splits into two three-carbon molecules of PGA. ATP and NADPH are used to convert PGA molecules to PGAL. Most of the PGAL is used to regenerate RuBP, but some is exported to the cytoplasm to produce carbohydrates. Rubisco attaches CO2 to a five-carbon organic compound called RuBP. Rubisco is used to convert PGA molecules to PGAL.arrow_forward
- Compare and contrast the energy inputs and outputs of Fermentation & Aerobic Respiration / Oxidativephosphorylation. Explain how lipids and proteins are catabolized and energy harvested thru pathways shared with glucose metabolism. Describe and explain the cellular locations and processes of Energetic Coupling (at least 2 types!) that occur in the Light Reactions and "Dark" Reactions of Photosynthesis.arrow_forwardAnswers can be kept very simple and concise Photosynthesis: A) Is NADPH consumed during the light reactions or Calvin cycle? What is it’s energy used to do? Protons move across the thylakoid membrane in both directions during the light reactions of photosynthesis. B) When protons move in to the thylakoid, are they moving up or down their concentration gradient? (From low to high concentration or from high to low concentration?) C) Since protons are charged, they cannot freely diffuse across a plasma membrane. What protein(s) facilitate the transport of protons in to the thylakoid?arrow_forwardHow are the light-capturing and Calvin cycle parts of photosynthesis coupled? How would poisoning the electron transport system associated with the light-capturing reactions of photosynthesis affect the Calvin cycle reactions?arrow_forward
- There are some similarities and some differences between the citric acid cycle in the mitochondrion and the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis. Which of the following is NOT a true difference between the two cycles? Both involve CO2, but in the Calvin cycle CO2 is used brought into the process as a source of carbon for the sugar being built. In the Mitochondrion, CO2 is removed from the sugar and leaves the cell. In the Calvin cycle, ATP is used to carry chemical energy from the light reactions to the the Calvin cycle where the chemical energy is incorporated in the sugar molecule that is being manufactured. In the mitochondrion, ATP is produced and brought out of the mitochondrion so it can provide chemical energy to the many activities going on in the cytoplasm The first step in the Calvin cycle, the carboxylation of RuBP, produces a 12-carbon product that splits into two 6 carbon pieces. In the first step of the citric acid…arrow_forwardWhich of the four stages of aerobic cellular respiration is most similar to the light-independent reactions oxygenic photosynthesis? Explainarrow_forwardWhich of the following scenarios does not occur during the reduction phase of the Calvin Cycle? Hide answer choices Each molecule of 3-phosphoglycerate is phosphorylated by ATP to form 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. Each molecule of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is reduced to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate by the addition of two electrons from NADPH. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted into Ribulose bisphosphate. Some of the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecules are used in carbohydrate production.arrow_forward
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