Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134395326
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Suzanne M. Keller
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 20SAE
Summary Introduction
To review:
The pathway of the nerve impulse from the photoreceptors present in the retina to the visual cortex of the brain.
Introduction:
Vision is produced by the photoreceptors present in the retina. The retina is a sheet of cells present at the back of the eye. The light enters the eye and falls on the retina and then the information is passed on to the brain through the optic nerve.
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Describe the visual pathway from the photoreceptors to the brain.
Explain the process of phototransduction and signal transmission in the retina. Be sure to include the steps associated with the formation/breakdown of Rhodopsin as well as the signal transduction process that takes place in the retina beginning in the dark. Be sure to also include where in the retina these processes are taking place (i.e rods, bipolar cells or ganglion cells, outer segment, inner segment…).
It is a very important question If possible, provide all the correct and detailed information, please.
The correct pathway of activation (by sending neuronal signals) in the retina is
bipolar cell - retinal ganglion cell - photoreceptor
photoreceptor - retinal ganglion cell - bipolar cell
retinal ganglion cell - bipolar cell - photoreceptor
photoreceptor - bipolar cell - retinal ganglion cell
O bipolar cell - photoreceptor - amacrine cell
Chapter 8 Solutions
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8 - Alkaloids excite gustatory hairs mostly at the a....Ch. 8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8 - Which cranial nerve controls contraction of the...Ch. 8 - The cornea is nourished by a. corneal blood...Ch. 8 - When the eye focuses for far vision, a. the lens...Ch. 8 - Convergence a. requires contraction of the medial...Ch. 8 - 8. Which of the following are paired...Ch. 8 - Movement of the ______ membrane triggers bending...Ch. 8 - 10. Sounds entering the external acoustic meatus...
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11SAECh. 8 - Prob. 12SAECh. 8 - 13. Diagram and label the internal structures of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14SAECh. 8 - Prob. 15SAECh. 8 - 16. What is the blind spot, and why is it so...Ch. 8 - What name is given to the structure that controls...Ch. 8 - What is the fovea centralis, and why is it...Ch. 8 - 19. Trace the pathway of light from the time it...Ch. 8 - Prob. 20SAECh. 8 - 21. Define hyperopia, myopia, and emmetropia.
Ch. 8 - Prob. 22SAECh. 8 - Prob. 23SAECh. 8 - Prob. 24SAECh. 8 - Many students struggling through mountains of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26SAECh. 8 - Prob. 27SAECh. 8 - Prob. 28SAECh. 8 - Prob. 29SAECh. 8 - Prob. 30SAECh. 8 - Prob. 31SAECh. 8 - Prob. 32SAECh. 8 - Prob. 33SAECh. 8 - Which special sense requires the most learning?Ch. 8 - 35. For each of the following descriptions,...Ch. 8 - An engineering student has been working in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 37CTCh. 8 - Prob. 38CTCh. 8 - Brandon suffered a ruptured artery in his middle...Ch. 8 - Prob. 40CTCh. 8 - Prob. 41CTCh. 8 - 42. Julie and her father love to find the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 43CTCh. 8 - 44. Mrs. Garson has an immune disorder that causes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 45CTCh. 8 - Explain the role of vitamin A in vision.
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- For vertebrate photoreception, define: (a) photopigment; (b) photoreceptor; and (c) receptive field.arrow_forwardTrace the visual pathway that is responsible for the perception of color, all the way from the retina to Extrastriate cortex.arrow_forwardTrace the route of visual information from the retina to the cerebral cortex.arrow_forward
- In a detailed essay, Explain the process of phototransduction and signal transmission in the retina. Be sure to include the steps associated with the formation/breakdown of Rhodopsin as well as the signal transduction process that takes place in the retina beginning in the dark. Be sure to also include where in the retina these process are taking place (i.e rods, bipolar cells or ganglion cells, outer segment, inner segment...). Please provide step-by-step details! please be sure you add all required info.arrow_forwardDescribe the pathway from the retina to the primary visual cortex (parts of the system -- retina, optic nerve, optic chiasm, LGN, primary visual cortex). Can you label these on a diagram of the brain?arrow_forwardExplain the signal flow from photoreceptors to the primary visual cortex. From the visual cortex, what types of information are analyzed through each of the dorsal stream and ventral stream?arrow_forward
- List at least two ways the retina has adapted to minimize the potential problem caused by the photoreceptors being the last layer of the retina that light reaches?arrow_forwardStarting with the optic nerve, trace the action potential from the right temporal visual field to the visual cortex. What is the possible effect of lesions of the visual pathway?arrow_forwardProvide a step by step list of visual sensation through visual processing. Begin at light entering the eye through signal transduction, to the circuitry involved in the brain in understanding the "what" and "where" of the object. Be sure to review the specific criteria outlined in the rubric.arrow_forward
- Explain the process of phototransduction and signal transmission in the retina. Be sure to include the steps associated with the formation/breakdown of Rhodopsin as well as the signal transduction process that takes place in the retina beginning in the dark. Be sure to also include where in the retina these process are taking place (i.e rods, bipolar cells or ganglion cells, outer segment, inner segment…).arrow_forwardrace the visual projection pathways in the brain.arrow_forwardDescribe the path of action potentials from the olfactory receptors to various parts of the brain.arrow_forward
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