General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780132931281
Author: Ralph H. Petrucci, F. Geoffrey Herring, Jeffry D. Madura, Carey Bissonnette
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 111IAE
In the ground state of a hydrogen atom, what is the probability of finding an electron anywhere in a sphere of radius (a)
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General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications (11th Edition)
Ch. 8 - A hypothetical electromagnetic wave is pictured...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ECh. 8 - The magnesium spectrum has a line at 266.8 nm....Ch. 8 - The most intense line in the cerium spectrum is at...Ch. 8 - Without doing detailed calculations, determine...Ch. 8 - Without doing detailed calculations, arrange the...Ch. 8 - How long does it take light from the sun, 93...Ch. 8 - In astronomy, distances are measured in...Ch. 8 - Determine a. the energy, in joules per photon, of...Ch. 8 - Determine a. the frequency, in hertz, of radiation...
Ch. 8 - A certain radiation has a wavelength of 574 nm....Ch. 8 - What is the wavelength, in nanometers, of light...Ch. 8 - Without doing detailed calculations, indicate...Ch. 8 - Without doing detailed calculations, arrange the...Ch. 8 - In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum...Ch. 8 - High-pressure sodium vapor lamps are used in...Ch. 8 - The lowest-frequency light that produce the...Ch. 8 - The minimum energy required to cause the...Ch. 8 - Use the Balmer equation (8.4) to determine a. the...Ch. 8 - How would the Balmer equation (8.4) have to be...Ch. 8 - What is E for the transition of an electron from...Ch. 8 - What is E for the transition of an electron from...Ch. 8 - To what value of n in equation (8.4) does the line...Ch. 8 - The Lyman series of the hydrogen spectrum can be...Ch. 8 - Calculate the wavelengths, in nanometers, of the...Ch. 8 - A line is detected in the hydrogen spectrum at...Ch. 8 - Calculate the energy, in joules, of a hydrogen...Ch. 8 - Calculate the increase in energy, in pules, when...Ch. 8 - What are the (a) frequency, in s1 , and (b)...Ch. 8 - Without doing detailed calculations, indicate...Ch. 8 - For a hydrogen atom, determine a. the energy level...Ch. 8 - Without doing detailed calculations, indicate...Ch. 8 - What electron transition in a hydrogen atom,...Ch. 8 - What electron transition in a hydrogen atom,...Ch. 8 - The emission spectrum below for a one-electron...Ch. 8 - The emission spectrum below for a one-electron...Ch. 8 - The emission spectrum below for a one-electron...Ch. 8 - The emission spectrum below for a one-electron...Ch. 8 - Which must possess e greater velocity to produce...Ch. 8 - What must be the velocity, in meters per second,...Ch. 8 - Calculate the de Broglie wavelength, in...Ch. 8 - What is the wavelength, in nanometers, associated...Ch. 8 - The uncertainty relation xph/(4) , expression...Ch. 8 - Although Einstein made some early contributions to...Ch. 8 - A proton is accelerated to one-tenth the velocity...Ch. 8 - Show that the uncertainty principle is not...Ch. 8 - What must be the velocity of electrons if their...Ch. 8 - What must be the velocity of electrons if their...Ch. 8 - A standing wave in a string 42 cm long has a total...Ch. 8 - What is the length of a string that has a standing...Ch. 8 - Calculate the wavelength of the electromagnetic...Ch. 8 - An electron in a one-dimensional box requires a...Ch. 8 - An electron in a 200 nm box is excited from the...Ch. 8 - Calculate the wavelength of the electromagnetic...Ch. 8 - Describe some of the differences between the...Ch. 8 - The greatest probability of finding the electron...Ch. 8 - Select the correct answer and explain your...Ch. 8 - Write an acceptable value for each of the missing...Ch. 8 - What type of orbital (i.e., 3s,4p, ... ) is...Ch. 8 - Which of the following statements is (are) correct...Ch. 8 - Concerning the electrons in the shells, subshells,...Ch. 8 - Concerning the concept of subshells and orbitals,...Ch. 8 - Calculate the finite value of r, in terms of at...Ch. 8 - Calculate the finite value of r, in terms of ac ,...Ch. 8 - Show that the probability of finding a 2p,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 66ECh. 8 - Prepare a two-dimensional plot of Y(,) for the py...Ch. 8 - Prepare a two-dimensional plot of Yz(,) for the py...Ch. 8 - Using a graphical method, show that in a hydrogen...Ch. 8 - Use a graphical method or some other means to show...Ch. 8 - Identify the orbital that has (a) one radial node...Ch. 8 - Identify the orbital that has (a) two radial nodes...Ch. 8 - A contour map for an atomic orbital of hydrogen is...Ch. 8 - A contour map for an atomic orbital of hydrogen is...Ch. 8 - On the basis of the periodic table and rules for...Ch. 8 - Based on the relationship between electron...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is the correct orbital...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is the correct orbital...Ch. 8 - Use the basic rules for electron configurations to...Ch. 8 - Use orbital diagrams to show the distribution of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 81ECh. 8 - Without referring to any tables or listings in the...Ch. 8 - Which of the following electron configurations...Ch. 8 - Prob. 84ECh. 8 - Prob. 85ECh. 8 - Prob. 86ECh. 8 - The following electron configurations correspond...Ch. 8 - Prob. 88ECh. 8 - Derive the Balmer and Rydberg equations from...Ch. 8 - Prob. 90IAECh. 8 - The work function is the energy that must be...Ch. 8 - Infrared lamps are used in cafeterias to keep food...Ch. 8 - Prob. 93IAECh. 8 - Determine the de Broglie wavelength of the...Ch. 8 - The Pfund series of the hydrogen spectrum has as...Ch. 8 - Between which two levels of the hydrogen atom must...Ch. 8 - Prob. 97IAECh. 8 - Prob. 98IAECh. 8 - An atom in which just one of the outer-shell...Ch. 8 - If all other rules governing electron...Ch. 8 - Ozone, O2, absorbs ultraviolet radiation and...Ch. 8 - Radio signals from Voyager 1 in the 1970s were...Ch. 8 - Prob. 103IAECh. 8 - The angular momentum of an electron in the Bohr...Ch. 8 - Prob. 105IAECh. 8 - Prob. 106IAECh. 8 - Using the relationships given in Table 8.2, find...Ch. 8 - Prob. 108IAECh. 8 - Prob. 109IAECh. 8 - Prob. 110IAECh. 8 - In the ground state of a hydrogen atom, what is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 112IAECh. 8 - Prob. 113FPCh. 8 - Balmer seems to have deduced his formula for the...Ch. 8 - The Rydberg-Ritz combination principle is an...Ch. 8 - Prob. 116FPCh. 8 - Diffraction of radiation takes place when the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 118FPCh. 8 - (This exercise requires calculus.) In this...Ch. 8 - Prob. 120FPCh. 8 - In your own words, define the following terms or...Ch. 8 - Briefly describe each of the following ideas or...Ch. 8 - Explain the important distinctions between each...Ch. 8 - Describe two ways in which the orbitals of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 125SAECh. 8 - With the help of sketches, explain the difference...Ch. 8 - With the help of sketches, explain the difference...Ch. 8 - If traveling at equal speeds, which of the...Ch. 8 - For electromagnetic radiation transmitted through...Ch. 8 - Prob. 130SAECh. 8 - Prob. 131SAECh. 8 - Construct a concept map for the configurations of...
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- 6.32 What are the mathematical origins of quantum numbers?arrow_forwardInvestigating Energy Levels Consider the hypothetical atom X that has one electron like the H atom but has different energy levels. The energies of an electron in an X atom are described by the equation E=RHn3 where RH is the same as for hydrogen (2.179 1018 J). Answer the following questions, without calculating energy values. a How would the ground-state energy levels of X and H compare? b Would the energy of an electron in the n = 2 level of H be higher or lower than that of an electron in the n = 2 level of X? Explain your answer. c How do the spacings of the energy levels of X and H compare? d Which would involve the emission of a higher frequency of light, the transition of an electron in an H atom from the n = 5 to the n = 3 level or a similar transition in an X atom? e Which atom, X or H, would require more energy to completely remove its electron? f A photon corresponding to a particular frequency of blue light produces a transition from the n = 2 to the n = 5 level of a hydrogen atom. Could this photon produce the same transition (n = 12 to n = 5) in an atom of X? Explain.arrow_forwardWhat experimental evidence supports the quantum theory of light? Explain the wave-particle duality of all matter .. For what size particles must one consider both the wave and the particle properties?arrow_forward
- Use the mathematical expression for the 2pz wave function of a one-electron atom (see Table 5.2) to show that the probability of finding an electron in that orbital anywhere in the x-y plane is 0. What are the nodal planes for a dxz orbital and for a dx2y2 orbital?arrow_forwardImagine a world in which the rule for the l quantum number is that values start with 1 and go up to n. The rules for the n and mi quantum numbers are unchanged from those of our world. Write the quantum numbers for the first two shells (i.e., n = 1 and n = 2).arrow_forwardA bright violet line occurs at 435.8 nm in the emission spectrum of mercury vapor. What amount of energy, in joules, must be released by an electron in a mercury atom to produce a photon of this light?arrow_forward
- 6.17 The laser in most supermarket barcode scanners operates at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. What is the energy of a single photon emitted by such a laser? What is the energy of one mole of these photons?arrow_forwardGive the possible values of a. the principal quantum number, b. the angular momentum quantum number, c. the magnetic quantum number, and d. the spin quantum number.arrow_forward6.96 When a helium atom absorbs light at 58.44 nm, an electron is promoted from the 1s orbital to a 2p orbital. Given that the ionization energy of (ground state) helium is 2372 kJ/ mol, find the longest wavelength of light that could eject an electron from the excited state helium atom.arrow_forward
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