Physical Universe
16th Edition
ISBN: 9780077862619
Author: KRAUSKOPF, Konrad B. (konrad Bates), Beiser, Arthur
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 8, Problem 10E
To determine
Why the radium is regarded as an element rather than as a chemical compound?
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In a naturally occurring sample, 19.8% of boron atoms have 5 neutrons and 80.2% have 6 neutrons. What is the mass number of each boron isotope? Sketch a sample of 10 atoms that is nearly representative of a natural sample. What is the average mass of the atoms in your drawing? What is the atomic mass of boron? (Boron-10 has a mass of 10.01294 amu, and boron-11 has a mass of 11.00931 amu.)
Element X has 3 isotopes. One of the isotopes has a mass of 59.5 with an abundance of 43.3%. Another isotope with a mass of 63.8
and an abundance of 38.6%. The final isotope is 18.1% abundant with a mass of 67. Calculate the average Atomic Mass of element
X.
Give your answer to the nearest tenth (one decimal).
Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5730 years. In a plant fossil, you find that the 14C14C has decayed to 1/4.00 of the original amount. How long ago was this plant alive?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Physical Universe
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1MCCh. 8 - Prob. 2MCCh. 8 - Prob. 3MCCh. 8 - Prob. 4MCCh. 8 - Prob. 5MCCh. 8 - Prob. 6MCCh. 8 - Prob. 7MCCh. 8 - Prob. 8MCCh. 8 - Prob. 9MCCh. 8 - Prob. 10MC
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11MCCh. 8 - Prob. 12MCCh. 8 - Prob. 13MCCh. 8 - Prob. 14MCCh. 8 - Prob. 15MCCh. 8 - Prob. 16MCCh. 8 - Prob. 17MCCh. 8 - Prob. 18MCCh. 8 - Prob. 19MCCh. 8 - Prob. 20MCCh. 8 - Prob. 21MCCh. 8 - Prob. 22MCCh. 8 - Prob. 23MCCh. 8 - Prob. 24MCCh. 8 - Prob. 25MCCh. 8 - Prob. 26MCCh. 8 - Prob. 27MCCh. 8 - Prob. 28MCCh. 8 - Prob. 29MCCh. 8 - Prob. 30MCCh. 8 - Prob. 31MCCh. 8 - Prob. 32MCCh. 8 - Prob. 33MCCh. 8 - Prob. 34MCCh. 8 - Prob. 35MCCh. 8 - Prob. 36MCCh. 8 - Prob. 37MCCh. 8 - Prob. 38MCCh. 8 - Prob. 39MCCh. 8 - Prob. 40MCCh. 8 - Prob. 1ECh. 8 - Prob. 2ECh. 8 - Prob. 3ECh. 8 - Prob. 4ECh. 8 - Prob. 5ECh. 8 - Prob. 6ECh. 8 - Prob. 7ECh. 8 - Prob. 8ECh. 8 - Prob. 9ECh. 8 - Prob. 10ECh. 8 - Prob. 11ECh. 8 - Prob. 12ECh. 8 - Prob. 13ECh. 8 - Prob. 14ECh. 8 - The polonium isotope 84210Po undergoes alpha decay...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16ECh. 8 - Prob. 17ECh. 8 - Prob. 18ECh. 8 - Prob. 19ECh. 8 - Prob. 20ECh. 8 - Prob. 21ECh. 8 - If the half-life of a radionuclide is 1 month, is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 23ECh. 8 - One-eighth of a sample of T90227h remains...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25ECh. 8 - Prob. 26ECh. 8 - Prob. 27ECh. 8 - Prob. 28ECh. 8 - Prob. 29ECh. 8 - Prob. 30ECh. 8 - Prob. 31ECh. 8 - Prob. 32ECh. 8 - Prob. 33ECh. 8 - Prob. 34ECh. 8 - Prob. 35ECh. 8 - Prob. 36ECh. 8 - Prob. 37ECh. 8 - Prob. 38ECh. 8 - Prob. 39ECh. 8 - Prob. 40ECh. 8 - Prob. 41ECh. 8 - Prob. 42ECh. 8 - Prob. 43ECh. 8 - Prob. 44ECh. 8 - Prob. 45ECh. 8 - Prob. 46ECh. 8 - Prob. 47ECh. 8 - Prob. 48ECh. 8 - Prob. 49ECh. 8 - Prob. 50ECh. 8 - Prob. 51ECh. 8 - Prob. 52ECh. 8 - Prob. 53ECh. 8 - Prob. 54ECh. 8 - Prob. 55ECh. 8 - Prob. 56ECh. 8 - Prob. 57ECh. 8 - Prob. 58E
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- A certain radioactive material has a half-life of 8 minutes. Suppose you have a large sample of this material , containing 10^25 atoms. 5x10^24 atoms decay in the first 8 minutes and 2.5x10^24 atoms decay in the second 8 minutes. What is the ratio of the number of atoms that decay in the first 8 minutes to the number of atoms that decay in the second 8 minutes A 5/1 B 2/1 C 1/5 D 1/2arrow_forwardSketch a diagram of a boron atom, which has five protons and six neutrons in its nucleus.arrow_forwardA certain radioactive element has a half life of 3725 years. How much of a 8.03 g sample is left after 2035 years? Answer: What is the energy released when 0.520 g are converted to energy? Express your answer in joules. For self-consistent units you must use kg because 1 J-1 kg m²/s².arrow_forward
- You have just isolated a new radioactive element. If you can determine its half-life, you will win the Nobel Prize in physics. You purify a sample of 2 grams. One of your colleagues steals half of it, and four days later you find that 0.4 gram of the radioactive material is still left. What is the half-life? (Round your answer to three significant digits.)arrow_forwardThe half-life of uranium-234 is approximately 25,000 years. How many undecayed nuclei remain after 100,000 years? Calculate the decay rate for uranium-234. If a sample contains 2.7 billion atoms of uranium-234 what is the rate of decay for that sample?arrow_forwardElement X has a half-life of 11 days.If we currently have a 27 ounce sample of Element X, how long will it be until only 8 ounces remain?arrow_forward
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- A table for a function f is given to the right. (a) Determine whether function f represents exponential growth, exponential decay, or linear growth. (b) Find a formula for f. x 0 1 2 3 4 y 125 25 5 1 1/5 A. What does the function f represent? -exponential decay -exponential growth -linear growth B. f(x)= (use integers or fractions for any numbers in the expression)arrow_forwardPart 1: Carbon dating An archaeologist finds some ancient jewelry made from bone. The jewelry has a carbon mass of 387 g (HINT: Assume all the carbon is 12C and determine the number of atoms, 12C has a molar mass of 12 g/mol) and careful measurements show that the remaining 14C has a current decay rate of 20 decays/s. Determine the age of the bone (and presumably the jewelry). The ratio of 14C to 12C when the animal died was 1.25x10-12 & the half-life of 14C is 5730 y. Additionally, 1 mol = 6.022×1023 particles, 1 y = 365.25 days, & 1 day = 24 h. age of bone = Part 2: Rubidium-Strontium dating A geologist finds an old rock and wants to determine its age using rubidium-strontium dating. This is possible because 87Rb, which has a half-life of 4.75×1010 y, undergoes - decay and becomes 87Sr. The geologist determines that the ratio of 87 Sr to 87Rb is 0.033. Assuming there was no 87Sr in the rock when it was formed, determine the age of the rock. age of rock =arrow_forwardIf carbon-14 has a half life of 5,730 years and a sample contains 50 moles originally, how much is left after 17,190 years? Which of the following is true? If Metal A has twice the thermal conductivity of Metal B. (Metal B will melt), (Metal B would be a better), (Metal A will transfer thermal energy across), (Metal A will melt).arrow_forward
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