
Concept explainers
Two-dimensional array:
A two dimensional array is also called as a multi-dimensional array; a multidimensional array is that all the identical arrays are put together into a single array.
- This is useful for storing same type of multiple sets of data in same place.
- The main advantage is that one-dimensional array can hold only one set of value whereas two-dimensional array can hold multiple sets of data in the form of rows and columns.
- The structure of a multi-dimensional array is lookalike a table (that is combination of rows and columns); it contains same type of columns.
- The array elements can be referred by the index numbers of the array; the index numbers for an “n x n” size array would be from “0, 0” to “n-1, n-1”.
- For example, the index numbers of “3 x 3” array would be from “0, 0” to “2, 2” (that is (0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 2), (1, 0), (1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 0), (2, 1), and (2, 2)).
Example:
//Declaring multi-dimensional array
double testmarks[5][5];
The above statement is used to create a multidimensional array with “5” rows and “5” columns; the first subscript (that is square bracket) is used to refer the number of rows and the second subscript is used to refer the number of columns.
- The data type “double” represents that the array will hold only “double” type of data.
- The “testmarks” array can hold 25 elements (that is 5 × 5 = 25).
Array declaration:
Consider the given statement,
//Declare the two-dimensional array
double sales[6][4];
The above code illustrates that the declaration of a two dimensional array named “sales” which holds “6” rows and “4” columns; so totally the array can hold “24” elements (that is 6×4=24).
- The index number representation for the “24” elements are as follows:
Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 | Column 4 | |
Row 1 | (0, 0) | (0, 1) | (0, 2) | (0, 3) |
Row 2 | (1, 0) | (1, 1) | (1, 2) | (1, 3) |
Row 3 | (2, 0) | (2, 1) | (2, 2) | (2, 3) |
Row 4 | (3, 0) | (3, 1) | (3, 2) | (3, 3) |
Row 5 | (4, 0) | (4, 1) | (4, 2) | (4, 3) |
Row 6 | (5, 0) | (5, 1) | (5, 2) | (5, 3) |

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Chapter 7 Solutions
Starting Out with C++ from Control Structures to Objects (9th Edition)
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