Chapter 7.3, Problem 4MI

Summary Introduction

To determine: comparison between chloroplast and mitochondria, vacuole and centriole, cilium and flagellum.

Introduction:

The cell organelle is a specialized subunit. The cell organelles are present inside the cell and perform specific functions. The common organelles are chloroplast, vacuoles, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, flagella, cilia, nucleus, and centriole in the cell.

Explanation of Solution

characteristics	chloroplast	mitochondria
MorphologyFunctions	The chloroplast is present only in the plant cells and contains a green color pigment called chlorophyll. photosynthesis	The mitochondrion is a membrane-bound oval shape structure. It is present in plant and animal cells. Mitochondria are known as a powerhouse of the cell. Cellular respiration and also include in ATP formation.
	Vacuole	Centriole
MorphologyFunctions	The vacuole is a fluid-filled, membrane-bound organelle present within the cytoplasm. It provides rigidity and shape to the plants and helps in excretion, digestion, and storage of the substance.	The centriole is a small set of nine microtubules and is found in pairs. At the time of cell division, it Move towards the opposite ends of the nucleus.
	Cilium	Flagella
MorphologyFunctions	Cilia are hair-like, a short structure present in the lungs, middle ear, and respiratory tract. The main function of cilia is to move particles, which allow particle outside the cells to move away.	Flagella are hair-like, a long structure that extends from the plasma membrane. The functions of the flagellum to move an entire cell, for example, Euglena and sperm.

Conclusion

Therefore mitochondria, chloroplast, cilia, flagella, vacuole, and centriole are different from morphology and function. All organelles of the cell are important for living organisms.