EBK THERMODYNAMICS: AN ENGINEERING APPR
EBK THERMODYNAMICS: AN ENGINEERING APPR
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780100257054
Author: CENGEL
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 7.13, Problem 146P

a)

To determine

The rate of heat removal from the chicken.

a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 146P

The rate of heat removal from the chicken is 6.49kW.

Explanation of Solution

Write the expression for the energy balance equation for closed system.

E˙inE˙out=ΔE˙system   chicken (I)

Here, rate of net energy transfer in to the control volume is E˙in, rate of net energy transfer exit from the control volume is E˙out and rate of change in internal energy of system is ΔE˙system.

Write the expression to calculate the mass flow of the chicken.

m˙chicken=n×mchicken (II)

Here, average mass of the chicken is mchicken and number of chickens dropped into the chiller is n.

Conclusion:

For the steady flow system, rate of change in internal energy of the system is zero.

Substitute 0 for ΔE˙system in Equation (1).

E˙inE˙out=0m˙h1=m˙h2+Q˙outQ˙out=m˙(h1h2)=m˙cp(T1T2) (III)

Here, mass flow rate is m˙, enthalpy at initial state is h1, enthalpy at final state is h2, rate of heat transfer input is Q˙in, entry temperature is T1 and exit temperature is T2.

From Equation (II) write the expression to calculate the rate of heat removal from the chicken.

Q˙chicken=m˙chickencp,chicken(T1T2) (IV)

Here, the mass flow rate of chicken is m˙chicken, rate of heat removal from the chicken is Q˙chicken and specific heat at constant

pressure for chicken is cp,chicken.

Refer TableA-3, “Properties of common liquids, solids, and foods”, select the specific heat at constant pressure (cp,water) for water as 4.18kJ/kg°C.

Substitute 2.2kg/chicken for mchicken and 250chicken/hr for n in Equation (II).

m˙chicken=(250chicken/hr)(2.2kg/chicken)=550kg/hr(1hr3600s)=0.1528kg/s

Substitute 0.1528kg/s for m˙chicken, 3.54kJ/kgK for cp, 15°C for T1, and 3°C for T2 in Equation (IV).

Q˙chicken=(0.1528kg/s)(3.54kJ/kgK)(15°C3°C)=(0.1528kg/s)(3.54kJ/kgK)((15+273)K(3+273)K)=6.49kJ/s(1kW1kJ/s)=6.49kW

Thus, the rate of heat removal from the chicken is 6.49kW.

b)

To determine

The rate of entropy generation during the process.

b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 146P

The rate of entropy generation during the process is 0.000625kW/K.

Explanation of Solution

Write the expression for the entropy balance in the heat exchanger.

S˙inS˙out+S˙gen=ΔS˙system (V)

Here, rate of net input entropy is S˙in, rate of net output entropy is S˙out, rate of entropy generation is S˙gen, and rate of change of entropy of the system is ΔS˙system.

Write the expression to calculate the total rate of heat gained by the water.

Q˙water=Q˙chicken+Q˙heatgain (VI)

Here, total rate of heat gained by the water is Q˙water.

Write the expression to calculate the total rate of heat gained by the water Q˙water.

Q˙water=m˙water(cp,waterΔTwater) (VII)

Here, mass flow rate of water is m˙water, specific heat at constant pressure for water is cp,water and change in temperature of water is ΔTwater.

Conclusion:

Substitute m˙1s1+m˙3s3+Q˙inTsurr for S˙in, m˙2s2+m˙4s4+ for S˙out and 0 for ΔS˙system in Equation (V).

m˙1s1+m˙3s3+Q˙inTsurr(m˙2s2+m˙4s4)+S˙gen=0m˙1s1+m˙3s3+Q˙inTsurrm˙2s2m˙4s4+S˙gen=0

S˙gen=m˙chickens1m˙waters3Q˙inTsurr+m˙chickens2+m˙waters4=m˙chicken(s2s1)+m˙water(s4s3)Q˙inTsurr=m˙chickencp,chickenln(T2T1)+m˙watercp,waterln(T4T3)Q˙inTsurr (VIII)

Here, Mass flow rate at stage 1 and 2 are chicken and stage 3 and 4 are water , entropy at stage 1 is s1, entropy at stage 2 is s2, entropy at stage 3 is s3, entropy at stage 4 is s4, mass flow rate of chicken is m˙chicken, mass flow rate of water is m˙water, initial chiller temperature T3 , final chiller temperature T4.

Substitute 6.49 kW for Q˙chicken and 150kJ/hr for Q˙heatgain in Equation (VI).

Q˙water=6.49kW+150kJ/hr=6.49kW+150kJ/hr(1hr3600s)=6.49kW+0.04167kJ/s(1kW1kJ/s)=6.532kW

Substitute 6.532kW for Q˙water, 4.18kJ/kg°C for cp,water and 2°C for ΔT in Equation (VII).

6.532kW=m˙water(4.18kJ/kg°C×2°C)6.532kW(1kJ/s1kW)=m˙water(4.18kJ/kg°C×2°C)m˙water=0.781kg/s

Substitute 0.1528kg/s for m˙chicken, 3.54kJ/kgK for cp,chicken, 3°C for T2, 15°C for T1.0.781kg/s for m˙water, 4.18kJ/kgK for cp,water, 0.5°C for T3, 2.5°C for T4, 0.0417 kW for Q˙in and 25°C for Tsurr in Equation (VIII).

S˙gen={(0.1528kg/s)(3.54kJ/kgK)ln(3°C15°C)+(0.781kg/s)(4.18kJ/kgK)ln(2.5°C0.5°C)0.0417kW25°C}

S˙gen={(0.1528kg/s)(3.54kJ/kgK)ln((3+273)K(15+273)K)+(0.781kg/s)(4.18kJ/kgK)ln((2.5+273)K(0.5+273)K)0.0417kW(25+273)K}=0.000625kJ/sK(1kW1kJ/s)=0.000625kW/K

Thus, the rate of entropy generation during the process is 0.000625kW/K.

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Chapter 7 Solutions

EBK THERMODYNAMICS: AN ENGINEERING APPR

Ch. 7.13 - A pistoncylinder device contains nitrogen gas....Ch. 7.13 - A pistoncylinder device contains superheated...Ch. 7.13 - The entropy of steam will (increase, decrease,...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 14PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 15PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 16PCh. 7.13 - Steam is accelerated as it flows through an actual...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 18PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 19PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 20PCh. 7.13 - Heat in the amount of 100 kJ is transferred...Ch. 7.13 - In Prob. 719, assume that the heat is transferred...Ch. 7.13 - 7–23 A completely reversible heat pump produces...Ch. 7.13 - During the isothermal heat addition process of a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 25PCh. 7.13 - During the isothermal heat rejection process of a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 27PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 28PCh. 7.13 - Two lbm of water at 300 psia fill a weighted...Ch. 7.13 - A well-insulated rigid tank contains 3 kg of a...Ch. 7.13 - The radiator of a steam heating system has a...Ch. 7.13 - A rigid tank is divided into two equal parts by a...Ch. 7.13 - 7–33 An insulated piston–cylinder device contains...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 34PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 35PCh. 7.13 - Onekg of R-134a initially at 600 kPa and 25C...Ch. 7.13 - Refrigerant-134a is expanded isentropically from...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 38PCh. 7.13 - Refrigerant-134a at 320 kPa and 40C undergoes an...Ch. 7.13 - A rigid tank contains 5 kg of saturated vapor...Ch. 7.13 - A 0.5-m3 rigid tank contains refrigerant-134a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 44PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 45PCh. 7.13 - Steam enters an adiabatic diffuser at 150 kPa and...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 47PCh. 7.13 - An isentropic steam turbine processes 2 kg/s of...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 50PCh. 7.13 - 7–51 0.7-kg of R-134a is expanded isentropically...Ch. 7.13 - Twokg of saturated water vapor at 600 kPa are...Ch. 7.13 - Steam enters a steady-flow adiabatic nozzle with a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 54PCh. 7.13 - In Prob. 755, the water is stirred at the same...Ch. 7.13 - A pistoncylinder device contains 5 kg of steam at...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 57PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 59PCh. 7.13 - A 50-kg copper block initially at 140C is dropped...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 61PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 62PCh. 7.13 - A 30-kg aluminum block initially at 140C is...Ch. 7.13 - A 30-kg iron block and a 40-kg copper block, both...Ch. 7.13 - An adiabatic pump is to be used to compress...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 67PCh. 7.13 - Can the entropy of an ideal gas change during an...Ch. 7.13 - An ideal gas undergoes a process between two...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 72PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 73PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 74PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 75PCh. 7.13 - A 1.5-m3 insulated rigid tank contains 2.7 kg of...Ch. 7.13 - An insulated pistoncylinder device initially...Ch. 7.13 - A pistoncylinder device contains 0.75 kg of...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 80PCh. 7.13 - 7–81 Air enters a nozzle steadily at 280 kPa and...Ch. 7.13 - A mass of 25 lbm of helium undergoes a process...Ch. 7.13 - One kg of air at 200 kPa and 127C is contained in...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 85PCh. 7.13 - Air at 3.5 MPa and 500C is expanded in an...Ch. 7.13 - 7–87E Air is compressed in an isentropic...Ch. 7.13 - An insulated rigid tank is divided into two equal...Ch. 7.13 - An insulated rigid tank contains 4 kg of argon gas...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 90PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 91PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 92PCh. 7.13 - Air at 27C and 100 kPa is contained in a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 94PCh. 7.13 - Helium gas is compressed from 90 kPa and 30C to...Ch. 7.13 - Five kg of air at 427C and 600 kPa are contained...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 97PCh. 7.13 - The well-insulated container shown in Fig. P 795E...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 99PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 100PCh. 7.13 - It is well known that the power consumed by a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 102PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 103PCh. 7.13 - Saturated water vapor at 150C is compressed in a...Ch. 7.13 - Liquid water at 120 kPa enters a 7-kW pump where...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 106PCh. 7.13 - Consider a steam power plant that operates between...Ch. 7.13 - Helium gas is compressed from 16 psia and 85F to...Ch. 7.13 - Nitrogen gas is compressed from 80 kPa and 27C to...Ch. 7.13 - Saturated refrigerant-134a vapor at 15 psia is...Ch. 7.13 - Describe the ideal process for an (a) adiabatic...Ch. 7.13 - Is the isentropic process a suitable model for...Ch. 7.13 - On a T-s diagram, does the actual exit state...Ch. 7.13 - Steam at 100 psia and 650F is expanded...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 117PCh. 7.13 - Combustion gases enter an adiabatic gas turbine at...Ch. 7.13 - Steam at 4 MPa and 350C is expanded in an...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 120PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 122PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 123PCh. 7.13 - Refrigerant-134a enters an adiabatic compressor as...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 126PCh. 7.13 - Argon gas enters an adiabatic compressor at 14...Ch. 7.13 - Air enters an adiabatic nozzle at 45 psia and 940F...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 130PCh. 7.13 - An adiabatic diffuser at the inlet of a jet engine...Ch. 7.13 - Hot combustion gases enter the nozzle of a...Ch. 7.13 - Refrigerant-134a is expanded adiabatically from...Ch. 7.13 - Oxygen enters an insulated 12-cm-diameter pipe...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 135PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 136PCh. 7.13 - Steam enters an adiabatic turbine steadily at 7...Ch. 7.13 - 7–138 In an ice-making plant, water at 0°C is...Ch. 7.13 - Water at 20 psia and 50F enters a mixing chamber...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 140PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 141PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 142PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 143PCh. 7.13 - In a dairy plant, milk at 4C is pasteurized...Ch. 7.13 - An ordinary egg can be approximated as a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 146PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 147PCh. 7.13 - In a production facility, 1.2-in-thick, 2-ft 2-ft...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 149PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 150PCh. 7.13 - A frictionless pistoncylinder device contains...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 152PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 153PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 154PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 155PCh. 7.13 - Liquid water at 200 kPa and 15C is heated in a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 157PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 158PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 159PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 160PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 161PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 162PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 163PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 164PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 165PCh. 7.13 - The space heating of a facility is accomplished by...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 167PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 168PCh. 7.13 - Prob. 169RPCh. 7.13 - A refrigerator with a coefficient of performance...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 171RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 172RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 173RPCh. 7.13 - A 100-lbm block of a solid material whose specific...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 175RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 176RPCh. 7.13 - A pistoncylinder device initially contains 15 ft3...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 178RPCh. 7.13 - A 0.8-m3 rigid tank contains carbon dioxide (CO2)...Ch. 7.13 - Helium gas is throttled steadily from 400 kPa and...Ch. 7.13 - Air enters the evaporator section of a window air...Ch. 7.13 - Refrigerant-134a enters a compressor as a...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 183RPCh. 7.13 - Three kg of helium gas at 100 kPa and 27C are...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 185RPCh. 7.13 - 7–186 You are to expand a gas adiabatically from...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 187RPCh. 7.13 - Determine the work input and entropy generation...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 189RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 190RPCh. 7.13 - Air enters a two-stage compressor at 100 kPa and...Ch. 7.13 - Steam at 6 MPa and 500C enters a two-stage...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 193RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 194RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 196RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 197RPCh. 7.13 - 7–198 To control the power output of an isentropic...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 199RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 200RPCh. 7.13 - A 5-ft3 rigid tank initially contains...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 202RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 203RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 204RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 205RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 206RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 207RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 208RPCh. 7.13 - (a) Water flows through a shower head steadily at...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 211RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 212RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 213RPCh. 7.13 - Consider the turbocharger of an internal...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 215RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 216RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 217RPCh. 7.13 - Consider two bodies of identical mass m and...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 220RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 222RPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 224RPCh. 7.13 - The polytropic or small stage efficiency of a...Ch. 7.13 - Steam is compressed from 6 MPa and 300C to 10 MPa...Ch. 7.13 - An apple with a mass of 0.12 kg and average...Ch. 7.13 - A pistoncylinder device contains 5 kg of saturated...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 229FEPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 230FEPCh. 7.13 - A unit mass of a substance undergoes an...Ch. 7.13 - A unit mass of an ideal gas at temperature T...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 233FEPCh. 7.13 - Prob. 234FEPCh. 7.13 - Air is compressed steadily and adiabatically from...Ch. 7.13 - Argon gas expands in an adiabatic turbine steadily...Ch. 7.13 - Water enters a pump steadily at 100 kPa at a rate...Ch. 7.13 - Air is to be compressed steadily and...Ch. 7.13 - Helium gas enters an adiabatic nozzle steadily at...Ch. 7.13 - Combustion gases with a specific heat ratio of 1.3...Ch. 7.13 - Steam enters an adiabatic turbine steadily at 400C...Ch. 7.13 - Liquid water enters an adiabatic piping system at...Ch. 7.13 - Prob. 243FEPCh. 7.13 - Steam enters an adiabatic turbine at 8 MPa and...Ch. 7.13 - Helium gas is compressed steadily from 90 kPa and...
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