a)
Interpretation:
The reducing agent and property of the element to act as reducing agent has to be discussed.
Concept Introduction:
Reducing agent: In a
b)
Interpretation:
The oxidizing agent and property of the element to act as oxidizing agent has to be discussed.
Concept Introduction:
Oxidizing agent: In a redox reaction, a oxidizing agent is an element or compound that gains an electron from another chemical species.
c)
Interpretation:
The given reaction only produce
Concept Introduction:
Ionization energy (IE): The ionization energy is the required to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase.
General formula of ionization energy=
As predicted by coulomb’s law, energy must be supplied to overcome the attraction between an electron and the nucleus and to separate the electron from the atom. Thus ionization energies always have positive values. An electron father from the nucleus generally has smaller ionization energy and electron closer to the nucleus has larger ionization energy.
Increase and decrease electro negativity: The less vacancy electrons an atoms has the least it will gain of electrons. Moreover the
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 7 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
- Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions: (a) cadmium burned in air. (b) elemental cadmium added to a solution of hydrochloric acid. (c) cadmium hydroxide added to a solution of acetic acid, CH3CO2Harrow_forwardPhosphate buffers are important in regulating the pH of intracellular fluids. If the concentration ratio of H2PO4/HPO42 in a sample of intracellular fluid is 1.1: 1, what is the pH of this sample of intracellular fluid? H2PO4(aq)HPO42(aq)+H+(aq)Ka=6.2108arrow_forward4.48 Elemental phosphorous is used in the semiconductor industry. It can be obtained from an ore called fluoroapatite via reaction with SiO2 and C: 4Ca5( PO4)3F+18SiO2+30C3P4+30CO+18CaSiO3+2CaF2 Suppose a particular semiconductor production plant requires 1500 kg of P4. If the recovery of P4 from this reaction is 73% efficient, what mass of fluoroapatite is needed?arrow_forward
- The reaction of calcium hydride, CaH2, with water can be characterized as a Lewis acid-base reaction: CaH2(s)+2H2O(l)Ca(OH)2(aq)+2H2(g) Identify the Lewis acid and the Lewis base among the reactants. The reaction is also an oxidation-reduction reaction. Identify the oxidizing agent, the reducing agent, and the changes in oxidation number that occur in the reaction.arrow_forwardWhy does the reactivity of the alkali metals decrease from cesium to lithium?arrow_forwardThe amount of sodium hypochlorite in a bleach solution can be determined by using a given volume of bleach to oxidize excess iodide ion to iodine; ClO- is reduced to Cl-. The amount of iodine produced by the redox reaction is determined by titration with sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3; I2 is reduced to I-. The sodium thiosulfate is oxidized to sodium tetrathionate, Na2S4O6. In this analysis, potassium iodide was added in excess to 5.00 mL of bleach (d=1.00g/cm3) . If 25.00 mL of 0.0700 M Na2S2O3 was required to reduce all the iodine produced by the bleach back to iodide, what is the mass percent of NaClO in the bleach?arrow_forward
- Complete and balance the equations for the following reactions. a. Li(s) + N2(g) b. Rb(s) + S(s)arrow_forwardSodium perchlorate, NaClO4, is produced by electrolysis of sodium chlorate, NaClO3. If a current of 2.50 103 A passes through an electrolytic cell, how many kilograms of sodium perchlorate are produced per hour?arrow_forward7aarrow_forward
- 1. A thin wire of silver (Z=47, A = 107.87, face-centered-cubic, density = 10.49 g/cm³) is measured at 15 m long and 0.025 m in diameter and has an electrical resistance of 0.05 2. Assume that each Ag atom contributes three conduction electrons to the metal. (a) What is the concentration of conduction electrons in Ag (number/m³)? (b) What is the mean free time between collisions for the electrons in Ag (in s)? (c) What is the drift velocity of electrons if an 8 V/m electric field is applied? (d) Calculate the current density in the wire (in A/m²) from the applied electric field in part (c).arrow_forwardIdentify the oxidizing and reducing agent in the reaction:arrow_forwardWhat is the net ionic equation of Na(s) + HCl(l) and Mg(s) + HCl(l)?arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStaxGeneral Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage Learning