Concept explainers
Calculate the osmolarity for the following solutions:
a. A
b. A solution containing
c. A solution containing
(a)
Interpretation:
The osmolarity for a
Concept introduction:
Solutes which give conducting solutions on dissolution are called electrolytes. Those which dissociate completely in the solution are known as strong electrolytes. Solutes which do not give conducting solutions are called nonelectrolytes. The properties which depend on the number of solute particles are known as colligative properties. Some of these properties are boiling point, freezing point and osmotic pressure.
Answer to Problem 7.69E
The osmolarity for a
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate osmolarity is given below as,
Where,
•
•
Since
Substitute the value of
The osmolarity for a
(b)
Interpretation:
The osmolarity for a solution containing
Concept introduction:
Solutes which give conducting solutions on dissolution are called electrolytes. Those which dissociate completely in the solution are known as strong electrolytes. Solutes which do not give conducting solutions are called nonelectrolytes. The properties which depend on the number of solute particles are known as colligative properties. Some of these properties are boiling point, freezing point and osmotic pressure.
Answer to Problem 7.69E
The osmolarity for a solution containing
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate number of moles of solutes is given below as,
The molar mass of urea can be calculated as follows.
Substitute the values in the above equation as follows.
The formula to calculate molarity is given below as,
Substitute the value of number of moles of solute and volume of solution in the above equation as follows.
The formula to calculate osmolarity is given below as,
Where,
•
•
Since urea is a nonelectrolyte, it will not dissociate in the solution and the value of
Substitute the value of
The osmolarity for a solution containing
(c)
Interpretation:
The osmolarity for a solution containing
Concept introduction:
Solutes which give conducting solutions on dissolution are called electrolytes. Those which dissociate completely in the solution are known as strong electrolytes. Solutes which do not give conducting solutions are called nonelectrolytes. The properties which depend on the number of solute particles are known as colligative properties. Some of these properties are boiling point, freezing point and osmotic pressure.
Answer to Problem 7.69E
The osmolarity for a solution containing
Explanation of Solution
The formula to calculate density is given below as,
Where,
•
•
•
Thus, the mass of
The formula to calculate number of moles of solutes is given below as,
The molar mass of ethylene glycol can be calculated as follows.
Substitute the values in the above equation as follows.
The formula to calculate molarity is given below as,
Substitute the value of number of moles of solute and volume of solution in the above equation as follows.
The formula to calculate osmolarity is given below as,
Where,
•
•
Since ethylene glycol is a nonelectrolyte, it will not dissociate in the solution and the value of
Substitute the value of
The osmolarity for a solution containing
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