Principles of Economics 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172364
Author: Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 4SCQ
Based on your answers to the WipeOut Ski Company in Exercise 7.3, now imagine a situation where the firm produces a quantity of 5 units that it sells for a price of
- What will be the company’s
profits or losses ? - How can you tell at a glance whether the company is making or losing money at this price by looking at average cost?
- At the given quantity and price, is the marginal unit produced adding to profits?
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In 1796, Gottfried Christoph Härtel, a German music publisher, calculated the cost of printing music using an engraved plate technology and used these estimated cost functions to make production decisions. Härtel figured that the fixed cost of printing a musical page—the cost of engraving the plates—was 900 pfennings. The marginal cost of each additional copy of the page is 5 pfennings (Scherer 2001).
a. Graph the total cost, average total cost, average variable cost, and marginal cost functions.
b. Is there a cost advantage to having only one music publisher print a given composition? Why?
c. Härtel used his data to do the following type of analysis. Suppose he expects to sell exactly 300 copies of a composition at 15 pfennings per page of the composition. What is the greatest amount the publisher is willing to pay the composer per page of the composition?
Ebba Kantzen says the following:
"I am currently producing 10,000 pizzas per month at a total cost of $50,000. If I produce 10,001
pizzas, my total cost will rise to $50,011. Therefore, my marginal cost of producing pizzas must
be increasing."
(
1.) Using the point drawing tool, indicate the point of marginal cost. Label this point "Marginal
cost."
2.) Using the point drawing tool, indicate the point of average total cost. Label this point "Average
total cost."
Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required objects.
Costs(dollars per pizza)
(5.95,0)
MC
Quantity (pizzas per month)
points
ATC
What happens to fixed cost as the quantity produced increases?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Principles of Economics 2e
Ch. 7 - A firm had sales revenue of 1 million last year....Ch. 7 - Continuing from Exercise 7.1, the films factory...Ch. 7 - The WipeOut Ski Company manufactures skis for...Ch. 7 - Based on your answers to the WipeOut Ski Company...Ch. 7 - If two painters can paint 200 square feet of wall...Ch. 7 - Return to the problem explained in Table 7.13 and...Ch. 7 - Suppose the cost of machines increases to 55,...Ch. 7 - Automobile manufacturing is an industry subject to...Ch. 7 - What are explicit and implicit costs?Ch. 7 - Would you consider an interest payment on a loan...
Ch. 7 - What is die difference between accounting and...Ch. 7 - What is a production function?Ch. 7 - What is the difference between a fixed input and a...Ch. 7 - How do we calculate marginal product?Ch. 7 - What shapes would you generally expect a total...Ch. 7 - What are the factor payments for land, labor, and...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between fixed costs and...Ch. 7 - How do we calculate each of the following:...Ch. 7 - What shapes would you generally expect each of the...Ch. 7 - Are there fixed costs in the lung-run? Explain...Ch. 7 - Are fixed costs also sunk costs? Explain.Ch. 7 - What are diminishing marginal returns as they...Ch. 7 - Which costs are measured on per-unit basis: fixed...Ch. 7 - What is a production technology?Ch. 7 - In choosing a production technology, how will...Ch. 7 - What is a long-run average cost curve?Ch. 7 - What is the difference between economies of scale,...Ch. 7 - What shape of a long-run average cost curve...Ch. 7 - Why will firms in most markets be located at or...Ch. 7 - Small Mom and Pop firms, like inner city grocery...Ch. 7 - A common name for fixed cost is overhead. If you...Ch. 7 - How does fixed cost affect marginal cost? Why is...Ch. 7 - Average cost curves (except for avenge fixed cost)...Ch. 7 - What is the relationship between marginal product...Ch. 7 - It is clear that businesses operate in the short...Ch. 7 - Retune to Table 7.2. In the top half of the table,...Ch. 7 - How would an improvement in technology, like the...Ch. 7 - Do you think that the taxicab industry in large...Ch. 7 - A firm is considering an investment that will earn...Ch. 7 - Return to Figure 7.7. What is the marginal gain in...Ch. 7 - Compute the average total cost, average variable...Ch. 7 - A small company that shovels sidewalks and...
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- A firm has a fixed production cost of $4000. For the first 100 units of production, the firm has a marginal cost of $50 per unit produced. Producing more than 100 units has a marginal cost of $70 per unit produced. The firm cannot produce more than 150 units. How much does it cost to produce at q=0? at q=50? at q=100? at q=125? at q=150? Graph the firm’s marginal cost functionarrow_forwardHow does the average cost curve help to show whether a firm is making profits or losses?arrow_forwardWe expect the marginal cost to increase as this firm produces more computers. But when the firm shifts from producing 1 to 2 computers, marginal cost falls. Why?arrow_forward
- Suppose your dad owns a voodworking shop where he makes handmade benches. The following graph shows the marginal cost (MC) and average variable cost (AVC) for your dad's business. 100 90 80 MC 70 60 AVC 50 40 30 20 10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 OUTPUT (Benohes per month) For each of the prices in the following table, use the graph to determine the number of benches your dad would produce in order to maximize his profit. Also, for each of the prices, indicate whether the firm will produce or shut down (or be indifferent between the two) in the short run. Price Output (Dollars per bench) (Benchs per month) Produce or Shut Down? 32 36 42 55 66 76 COST (D olars per bench)arrow_forwardA price-taking firm makes air conditioners. The market price of one of its new air conditioners is $130. The firm's total cost information is given in the table below: Instructions: Calculate marginal cost, and enter your responses as whole numbers. Air conditioners per day Total cost Marginal cost ($ per day) ($ per day) 1 100 100 2 150 3 220 4 310 5 405 6 510 7 650 8 800 How many air conditioners should the firm produce per day if its goal is to maximize its profit? air conditioners per day.arrow_forwardHow would you calculate the marginal cost of your firm's output? (think of a single product, not an industry).arrow_forward
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