Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605197
Author: Dee Unglaub Silverthorn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7, Problem 27RQ
The terms specificity, receptors, and down-regulation can be applied to many physiological situations. Do their meanings change when applied to the endocrine system? What chemical and physical characteristics do hormones, enzymes, transport proteins, and receptors have in common that makes specificity important?
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach (8th Edition)
Ch. 7.1 - Name the membrane transport process by which...Ch. 7.1 - What is the suffix in a chemical name that tells...Ch. 7.2 - What is the classic definition of a hormone?Ch. 7.2 - Based on what you know about the organelles...Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 7.2 - The steroid hormone aldosterone has a short...Ch. 7.3 - In the blood glucose example, the increase in...Ch. 7.3 - Which insulin release pathway in Figure 7.7b is a...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 9CCCh. 7.3 - Catecholamines belong to which chemical class of...
Ch. 7.3 - What intracellular structure is used for transport...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 12CCCh. 7.3 - Match the general reflex pathway patterns shown in...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 14CCCh. 7 - The study of hormones is called _____.Ch. 7 - List the three basic ways hormones act on their...Ch. 7 - List five endocrine glands, and name one hormone...Ch. 7 - Match the following researchers with their...Ch. 7 - Put the following steps for identifying an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6RQCh. 7 - Prob. 7RQCh. 7 - Prob. 8RQCh. 7 - Prob. 9RQCh. 7 - Prob. 10RQCh. 7 - Prob. 11RQCh. 7 - Why do steroid hormones usually take so much...Ch. 7 - Prob. 13RQCh. 7 - Prob. 14RQCh. 7 - Prob. 15RQCh. 7 - Prob. 16RQCh. 7 - In reflex control pathways involving trophic...Ch. 7 - What characteristic defines neurohormones?Ch. 7 - Prob. 19RQCh. 7 - Prob. 20RQCh. 7 - Prob. 21RQCh. 7 - Prob. 22RQCh. 7 - Prob. 23RQCh. 7 - Prob. 24RQCh. 7 - Compare and contrast the three chemical classes of...Ch. 7 - Map the following groups of terms. Add terms if...Ch. 7 - The terms specificity, receptors, and...Ch. 7 - Prob. 28RQCh. 7 - Some early experiments for male birth control...Ch. 7 - Prob. 30RQCh. 7 - The following graph shows plasma TSH concentration...Ch. 7 - Prob. 32RQ
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- Neuroendocrine glands are glands that are made up of both nervous tissue and endocrine tissue. This means that they can be directly stimulated by the nervous system to produce or release hormones. i) From what you have learned so far in the course, identify two endocrine glands that are considered to be neuroendocrine. Be specific. ii) Describe a situation/example for each, that demonstrates this function.arrow_forwardPlace the following steps (showing how a steroid hormone changes the activities of its target cells) in order of what happens first, second, third, fourth, and last. Refer to image. The hormone-receptor complex enters the nucleus of the cell and binds to the DNA. The steroid hormone passes through the cell membrane. The hormone attaches to a receptor in the cytoplasm, forming a hormone-receptor complex. A gene in the DNA is activated, and transcription and translation take place. Proteins that alter the cell′s activities, such as enzymes, are made. 2. Place the following steps (showing how a hydrophilic hormone changes the activities of its target cells) in order of what happens first, second, third, and last. Refer to image. The activity of the target cell is changed by the final enzyme in the cascade. The second messenger activates or deactivates certain enzymes in a cascade fashion. A second messenger is activated. Hormone binds to a receptor protein.arrow_forwardWhat are the definitions of the phrases chemical messenger, target tissue, and hormone receptor?arrow_forward
- How do receptors impart specificity within the endocrine system? What might be some advantages of having complex mechanisms for hormone action (such as second messengers)?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a true statement? A.) steroid and thyroid hormone signaling would be impaired if the plasma level of carrier proteins is not optimal. B.) Steroid and thyroid hormone-receptor complexes form dimers when they bind to the hormone-response elements on DNA C.) Epinephrine uses the adenylate cyclase and the phospholipase C second messenger systems D.) signaling by a peptide hormone would be impaired if a second messenger system is not functional in the target cell E.) signaling by a steroid hormone would be hindered if the adenylated cyclase second messenger system is not functional in the target cell.arrow_forwardIdentify molecule (1) in the pathway of hormonal regulation illustrated below: (A) ion channel (B) G protein-coupled receptor (C) tyrosine kinase receptor (D) cytoplasmic/nuclear receptorarrow_forward
- In the endocrine system, it asks, "describe the two major mechanisms by which hormones bring about their effect on their target tissues?"I was thinking it was polar and non polar soluble because that's the major component when it comes to how cells react to their hormones, it determines how fast the reaction time.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is not true of the endocrine system? Select one: A. Most of its components are not anatomically connected, unlike most other systems of the body. O B. It is one of two major regulatory systems of the body O C. It is an important regulator of homeostatic mechanisms. O D. The nervous and endocrine systems often overlap in function. O E. It is composed of glands that secrete chemical messengers through ducts into the blood.arrow_forwardNeuroendocrine glands are glands that are made up of both nervous tissue and endocrine tissue. This means that they can be directly stimulated by the nervous system to produce or release hormones. i) Identify two endocrine glands that are considered to be neuroendocrine. Be specific. ii) Describe a situation/example for each, that demonstrates this function.arrow_forward
- *** Which of the following statements about endocrine signalling hormones is TRUE? a) They are only soluble in lipids. b) In vertebrates, they are only transported through the blood circulatory system. c) They include a group of chemicals known as pheromones. d) Each hormone can react with only one specific receptor type. e) They are also involved in synaptic signalling.arrow_forwardExplain how mutations in the following proteins might result in either loss of responsiveness to a given hormone or production of a continuous signal even in the absence of the hormone: a mutation in the regulatory (R) subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase, making R incapable of binding to the catalytic (C) subunitarrow_forwardWhat are the broad characteristics that distinguish a chemical substance from a hormone, and how can hormones attain specificity for certain types of target cells?arrow_forward
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