Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 6, Problem 8SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: During skeletal muscle contraction, a motor neuron stimulates the skeletal muscle fibers. The stimulation of skeletal muscle fibers ultimately causes the interaction between the myofilaments within the skeletal muscle fibers to produce a surface tension between the muscles. Two primary factors considered for initiating muscle contraction include resistance and the force generated by the muscle.
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Motor units in a muscle contract _______________ and this helps _______________ fatigue.
a. synchronously; prevent
b. asynchronously; prevent
c. synchronously; promote
c. asynchronously; promote
d. b and c
Smooth muscles differ from skeletal and cardiac muscles in that they ________. a. lack myofibrils b. are under voluntary control c. lack myosin d. lack actin
In sustained, moderate exercise, skeletal muscle is predominantly using ______________ as its energy source. a. amino acids b. glucagon c. fatty acids d. creatine phosphate
Chapter 6 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 6 - In a general sense, how do skeletal muscles...Ch. 6 - In the diagram below, label the fine structure of...Ch. 6 - How do actin and myosin interact in a sarcomere to...Ch. 6 - How does a muscle fiber incur an oxygen debt?Ch. 6 - What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum...Ch. 6 - Explain why (a) calcium ions and (b) ACh are vital...Ch. 6 - What is a motor unit? Why does a rapid series of...Ch. 6 - What are the structural and functional differences...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1SQCh. 6 - Prob. 2SQ
Ch. 6 - Prob. 3SQCh. 6 - The _____ is the basic unit of muscle contraction....Ch. 6 - Skeletal muscle contraction requires _________. a....Ch. 6 - Nerve impulses first stimulate a skeletal muscle...Ch. 6 - Prob. 7SQCh. 6 - Prob. 8SQCh. 6 - Prob. 9SQCh. 6 - Prob. 10SQCh. 6 - You are training athletes for the 100-meter dash....Ch. 6 - Prob. 2CTCh. 6 - Prob. 3CTCh. 6 - At the gym Sean gets on a stair-climbing machine...
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- The firmness of rigor mortis ___. A. can be reduced by manipulation of the affected muscles and extremities B. will be removed by the application of heat to the muscles C. can only be released by the passage of time D. None of the abovearrow_forwardIn relaxed muscle, the myosin-binding site on actin is blocked by ________. a. titin b. troponin c. myoglobin d. tropomyosinarrow_forwardMuscle relaxation occurs when ________. a. calcium ions are actively transported out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum b. calcium ions diffuse out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum c. calcium ions are actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum d. calcium ions diffuse into the sarcoplasmic reticulumarrow_forward
- The names of the muscles can indicate all of the following, EXCEPT ___________. a.myofibril numbers of the muscle b.the direction of the muscle relative to the long axis of the body c.action of the muscle d.the region of the body where the muscle is located 2. An exocrine gland that loses small parts of its cell bodies during secretion, as is the case for the mammary gland, is further classified as a ____________ gland. a.Endocrine b.Merocrine c.Holocrine d.Apocrinearrow_forwardA _________is an injury to muscle due to twisting orstretching.a. sprainb. strainc. sarcomad. myalgiaarrow_forwardPlease help Muscle fatigue is caused by ________.a. buildup of ATP and lactic acid levelsb. exhaustion of energy reserves and buildup of lactic acid levelsc. buildup of ATP and pyruvic acid levelsd. exhaustion of energy reserves and buildup of pyruvic acid levelsarrow_forward
- The muscles of a professional marathon runner are most likely to have ________.a. 80 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 20 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersb. 20 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 80 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersc. 50 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 50 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersd. 40 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 60 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersarrow_forwardThe muscles of a professional sprinter are most likely to have ________.a. 80 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 20 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersb. 20 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 80 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersc. 50 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 50 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersd. 40 percent fast-twitch muscle fibers and 60 percent slow-twitch muscle fibersarrow_forward. Injection of C. botulinum toxin (Botox)______ . a. causes irreversible muscle contraction b. stimulates formation of ATP from ADP c. prevents release of ACh by motor neurons d. blocks the actin binding site of myosinarrow_forward
- The type of muscle cell under voluntary control is the ________. a. smooth muscle b. skeletal muscle c. cardiac muscle d. visceral musclearrow_forwardThe actual contractile units of muscle, called _____, extend from middle of one _____ to middle of next along length of myofibrils. A. T tubule, M line B. sarcoplasmic reticulum, H zone C. sarcomeres, I band D. sarcolemma, A bandarrow_forwardCompared with skeletal muscle, visceral smooth muscle a. has the same ability to be stretched. b. loses the ability to contract forcefully when stretched. C. maintains about the same tension, even when stretched. d. cannot maintain long, steady contractions. e. can accumulate a substantial oxygen deficitarrow_forward
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