BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305967359
Author: STARR
Publisher: CENGAGE L
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Chapter 6, Problem 8SA
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Photosynthesis is an essential
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In the light-dependent reactions, what accumulates in the thylakoid compartment of chloroplasts? a. sugars c. O2 b. hydrogen ions d. CO2
Compare photophosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation. How is chemiosmosis in chloroplasts different from chemiosmosis in mitochondria?
a.
Chemiosmosis is used in chloroplasts to transfer chemical energy from organic molecules to ATP.
b.
In mitochondria, light is transformed into ATP using photosystems I and II.
c.
Chemiosmosis in mitochondria occurs across an intra-organelle membrane, where it does not in chloroplasts.
d.
In chloroplasts, the high-energy electrons come from water.
Ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase, which might be the most abundant enzyme on Earth, is part of which photosynthetic reaction?
A. the Hill reaction
B. the light-independent reaction
C. photosystem II
D. the light-dependent reaction
E. photosystem I
Chapter 6 Solutions
BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)
Ch. 6 - A cat eats a bird, which ate a caterpillar that...Ch. 6 - Plants use ________ as an energy source to drive...Ch. 6 - In plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes, and...Ch. 6 - Most of the carbon that land plants use for...Ch. 6 - Which of the following statements is incorrect? a....Ch. 6 - When a photosystem absorbs light energy, ________...Ch. 6 - In the light-dependent reactions, _______. a....Ch. 6 - Prob. 8SACh. 6 - Prob. 9SACh. 6 - Prob. 10SA
Ch. 6 - The Calvin-Benson cycle starts with _______. a....Ch. 6 - Which of the following substances does not...Ch. 6 - Closed stomata ________. a. limit gas exchange c....Ch. 6 - In C3 plants, _______ makes sugar production...Ch. 6 - Match each term with its most suitable...Ch. 6 - About 200 years ago, Jan Baptisa van Helmontwanted...Ch. 6 - While gazing into an aquarium, you observe bubbles...Ch. 6 - A C3 plant absorbs a carbon radio isotope...Ch. 6 - In 2005, a new species of green sulfur bacteria...
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- Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict correctly that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?arrow_forwardFrom which component of the light-dependent reactions does NADPH form most directly? a. photosystem II b. photosystem I c. cytochrome complex d. ATP synthasearrow_forwardWhich part of the chloroplast MOST clearly uses modified surface-area-to-volume ratios to function efficiently? A.Thylakoid B.Outer membrane C.Stroma D.ATP synthasearrow_forward
- The different parts of the chloroplast have separate reactions that occur in them. Which occurs in the stroma? A. Photolysis B. Light-dependent reaction C. Electron transport chain D. Calvin cyclearrow_forwardWhich of the following occurs ONLY in photosystem I and NOT in photosystem II? a. The energy of exited electrons is passed from one chlorophyll molecule to the next through resonance transfer b. Light energy is harvested by chlorophyll molecules c. A water molecule is split to provide electrons to a special chlorophyll A pair d. Energy harvested in the light-harvesting complexes excites electrons that can be used directly to reduce NADP+ to NADPH e. High-energy electrons are donated to an electron transport chainarrow_forwardHow does the electron transfer pathway from photosynthesis II to photosynthesis I in the light-dependent reactions take place? A. After splitting water in PS-I, high-energy electrons are delivered through the chloroplast electron transport chain to PS-II. B. After the photosynthesis reaction, released products like glucose help in the transfer of electrons from PS-II to PS-I. C. After splitting water in PS-II, high-energy electrons are delivered through the chloroplast electron transport chain to PS-I. D. After the completion of the light-dependent reactions, the electrons are transferred from PS-II to PS-I.arrow_forward
- d) In the presence of sunlight, an electrochemical gradient is generated between two of the spaces within the chloroplast. 1.Describe what happens when a photon of light energy hits a molecule of chlorophyl. 2. What is meant by the term electrochemical gradient? 3.What role does the photosynthetic electron transport chain play in the generation of the electrochemical gradient? 4. Two chemical reactions also contribute to the generation of the electrochemical gradient. What are the reactions, where do they occur, and why do these factors affect the gradient? 5. The electrochemical gradient can be utilised by ATP synthase to generate ATP - explain how the location and structure of ATP synthase enable it to perform this function. e) The light reactions of photosynthesis generate ATP and NADPH for use in the dark reactions (i.e., the Calvin cycle). Why are they needed?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of chloroplastic ATP: Select one: a. it is made in the Calvin cycle and consumed in the light reactions b. it is used during photosynthesis, S assimilation, and N assimilation c. it does not leave the chloroplast, and is used to breakdown molecules d. it is made during photosynthesis and S assimilation e. it leaves the chloroplast, and is consumed in respiration and N assimilationarrow_forwardThe first step of the light reactions is the transfer (powered by solar energy) of an electron to the primary electron acceptor within photosystem proteins of the: a. Thylakoid membrane b. Intermembrane space of a chloroplast c. Stroma of a chloroplast d. Cell membrane of a mesophyll cellarrow_forward
- The role of photosystem 1 and photosystem 2 in the process of photosynthesis is to a. absorb sunlight and distribute the energy as heat b. absorb sunlight and transfer the energy to electrons c. form ATP as hydrogen ions cross the thylakoid membrane d. transfer electrons to form NADPHarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is TRUE? Select one: a. The immediate product of the light energy absorbed by the P680 reaction center is used to produce NADPH. b. In cyclic photophosphorylation, the chlorophyll is reduced by electrons liberated from water molecules. c. The O2 gas produced during photosynthesis is derived from CO2. d. In noncyclic photophosphorylation, electrons from water are used directly for the reduction of P700. e. All of the statements are false.arrow_forwardWhich molecule conveys protons from the chloroplast stroma into the thylakoid lumen? a. cytochrome b6-f b. plastocyanin c. phytochrome d. cytochrome c e. oxygenarrow_forward
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