Interpretation: A plot for the variation of partial pressure of
Concept Introduction: The relationship between reactants and products of a reaction in equilibrium with respect to some unit is said to be equilibrium expression. It is the expression that gives ratio between products and reactants. The expression is:
Answer to Problem 111CP
Explanation of Solution
Given:
Initial moles for the ammonia synthesis reaction is:
At
The complete balanced reaction for the formation of ammonia is:
From the balanced reaction it is observed that 1 mole of nitrogen gas reacts with 3 moles of hydrogen gas to produce 2 moles of ammonia gas.
- For the total pressure of 1.0 atm:
Let the partial pressure of nitrogen gas be x atm so, the partial pressure of hydrogen gas will be 3x atm. Thus,
Solving for x:
So, the partial pressure of nitrogen gas is
The ICE table for the reaction will be set up as:
The expression for the equilibrium constant is:
Substituting the values:
Assuming the change be small so,
Solving for x:
The correct value of x is calculated by substituting the assumed x value as:
The value of x is used and this process is repeated until the value of x does not vary:
Since, the value x has not changed so, this value of x used. Thus, the partial pressure of ammonia is:
- For the total pressure of 10.0 atm:
The ICE table for the reaction will be set up as:
The expression for the equilibrium constant is:
Substituting the values:
Assuming the change be small so,
Solving for x:
The correct value of x is calculated by substituting the assumed x value as:
The value of x is used and this process is repeated until the value of x does not vary. So, the calculated values of x are:
Since, the value x has not changed so, this value of x used. Thus, the partial pressure of ammonia is:
- For the total pressure of 100.0 atm:
The ICE table for the reaction will be set up as:
The expression for the equilibrium constant is:
Substituting the values:
The value of x is calculated using successive approximations as:
Solving for x:
The correct value of x is calculated by substituting the assumed x value as:
The value of x is used and this process is repeated until the value of x does not vary. So, the calculated values of x are:
Since, the value x has 16 is repeated so, this value of x used. Thus, the partial pressure of ammonia is:
- For the total pressure of 1000.0 atm:
The ICE table for the reaction will be set up as:
The expression for the equilibrium constant is:
Substituting the values:
The value of x is calculated using successive approximations as:
Solving for x:
The correct value of x is calculated by substituting the assumed x value as:
The value of x is used and this process is repeated until the value of x does not vary. So, the calculated values of x are:
Since, according to significant digits, the value x has 220 is repeated so, this value of x used. Thus, the partial pressure of ammonia is:
Thus, the values of partial pressure of ammonia at total pressures are:
total pressure (atm) | partial pressure of ammonia(atm) |
1.0 | 0.024 |
10.0 | 1.4 |
100.0 | 32 |
1000.0 | 440 |
Plotting the data as:
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Chemical Principles
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