Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 55, Problem 10TYU
Test Your Understanding
10 The periodic warming of surface waters of the tropical eastern Pacific that alters both oceanic and atmospheric circulation patterns is known as (a) upwelling (b) prevailing wind (c) ocean current (d) El Niño–Southern Oscillation (e) Coriolis effect
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College Level Biology 2
Explain your answer in some depth and avoid just saying "It is A" or It is B. Defend your answer and explain why you choice that answer choice. Question: Which of the following results from the uneven heating of land masses and creates winds that blow from low to high elevation?
Group of answer choices
A) Anabatic winds
B) Katabatic winds
Question: Temperature in the tundra is too low to support the growth of trees. This describes a limitation in the distribution of a vegetation type based on
Group of answer choices
A) weather, because temperature is a characteristic of weather.
B) both weather and climate, because tree growth depends on both short- and long-term factors.
C) climate, because it is determining which vegetation types can survive in the area.
D) climate, because temperature is the defining characteristic of climate.
E) weather, because growth of trees is a short-term action.
Question: A group of students is brainstorming ways to…
Chapter 55 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 55.1 - Summarize the concept of energy flow through a...Ch. 55.1 - Explain typical pyramids of numbers, biomass, and...Ch. 55.1 - Distinguish between gross primary productivity and...Ch. 55.1 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram tracing energy flow...Ch. 55.1 - What are trophic levels, and how are they related...Ch. 55.1 - How do gross primary productivity (GPP) and net...Ch. 55.2 - Describe the main steps in each of these...Ch. 55.2 - What are the roles of the following processes in...Ch. 55.2 - VISUALIZE Draw a diagram showing the five steps in...Ch. 55.2 - How does the phosphorus cycle proceed without a...
Ch. 55.3 - Summarize the effects of solar energy on Earths...Ch. 55.3 - Discuss the roles of solar energy and the Coriolis...Ch. 55.3 - Give two causes of regional precipitation...Ch. 55.3 - Discuss the effects of fire on certain ecosystems.Ch. 55.3 - What basic forces determine the circulation of the...Ch. 55.3 - What basic forces produce the main ocean currents?Ch. 55.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 55.4 - Briefly describe some of the long-term ecological...Ch. 55.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 55 - The movement of matter is _______________ in...Ch. 55 - A complex of interconnected food chains in an...Ch. 55 - The quantitative estimate of the total amount of...Ch. 55 - Which of the following equations shows the...Ch. 55 - Which of the following processes increase(s) the...Ch. 55 - In the nitrogen cycle, gaseous nitrogen is...Ch. 55 - Test Your Understanding 7. The conversion of...Ch. 55 - Which biogeochemical cycle does not have a gaseous...Ch. 55 - Test Your Understanding 9. Which of the following...Ch. 55 - Test Your Understanding 10 The periodic warming of...Ch. 55 - Test Your Understanding 11 A mountain range may...Ch. 55 - VISUALIZE Draw the simplest stable ecosystem you...Ch. 55 - PREDICT How might a food web change if all...Ch. 55 - Why is the cycling of matter essential to the...Ch. 55 - What would happen to the nitrogen cycle if all...Ch. 55 - Test Your Understanding 16 Would the microclimate...Ch. 55 - Test Your Understanding 17 INTERPRET DATA Examine...Ch. 55 - INTERTRET DATA Scientists have compiled databases...Ch. 55 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY How do humans...
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- Test Your Understanding 11 A mountain range may produce a downwind arid (a) upwelling (b) rain shadow (c) ocean current (d) microclimate (e) ecological pyramidarrow_forward1) why is nitrogen very much abundant in the atmosphere as compared to oxygen which support plant and animal life? 2) Explain what causes the mantle to flow?arrow_forwardIn class we discussed several feedback processes including homeostasis, predator-prey relationships, and viral social media content. We then extended the idea to feedbacks of the climate system in response to climate change. We saw that feedbacks can be thought of generally by considering a) a system described by one or more state variables; b) an equilibrium established by a balance or rates affecting those state variables; c) an external change or perturbation; d) a process that modifies the rates to amplify or damp the perturbation. Please provide three examples of interesting systems with feedbacks. One example could be a climate feedback; the others should be novel examples (i.e. systems we didn't discuss in class). For each system please describe the state variables, the rates that establish the equilibrium, some external change, and one or more feedback processes. Characterize the feedback(s) as positive or negative.arrow_forward
- Which of these statements describes an accurate model for how carbon dioxide and oxygen levels change within the ocean over time? Choose two answers that apply. A) eutrophication of the ocean leads to an increase in dissolved oxygen. B) photosynthesis by the phytoplankton increase the oxygen concentration of the ocean. C) decomposition of dead organic matter decreases the oxygen concentration in the ocean. D) cellular respiration by primary consumers increases the oxygen concentration in the ocean E) anaerobic respiration at the ocean floor decreases the carbon dioxide levels in the oceanarrow_forwardExplain why you agree or disagree with most of the world’s climate scientists that (a) atmospheric warming and climate change are happening now, (b) human activities are the dominant cause of current atmospheric warming and climate change, (c) only action by humans can slow the rate of atmospheric warming and climate change and avert or delay their projected harmful environmental, health, and economic effects.arrow_forward1Which of the following is NOT a consequence of global climate change? coral bleaching more ice at the North and South Poles increases in diseases such as malaria and dengue fever rising sea levels 2How do scientists determine the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide that existed on Earth hundreds or thousands of years ago? They deduce it from the carbon dioxide content of fossil fuels. They measure it from bubbles of gas trapped in Antarctic ice cores. They estimate it from the numbers of carbon-based life forms that existed over time. They calculate carbon dioxide levels from the temperature records. Scientists do not know the atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide thousands of years ago. 3The two factors that are responsible for the climate of an area are: the number and size of different kinds of species the position of the area in relation to island chains the elevation of the area, and its tree cover the amount of rainfall and temperature. the…arrow_forward
- The Andes Mountain Range is located along the western coastline of South America and includes a number of active and inactive volcanoes. (a) Describe how this mountain range formed and (b) explain why the Atacama Desert is located on the western edge of this mountain range. *arrow_forwardGive at least five (5) insights about ocean Basinarrow_forwardExplain why you agree or disagree with at least 90% the world's climate scientists that (a) climate change is happening now, (b) human activities play an important role in this climate change, and (c) human actions can slow down the rate of climate change and avert or delay its projected harmful environmental, health, and economic effects.arrow_forward
- If 99% of all gases in the atmosphere (excluding water vapor) are nitrogen and oxygen, why aren’t climate researchers focused on changes in the concentrations of these gases?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT true about climate change? a. Today’s climatic warming particularly the warming since the mid-20th century is occurring much faster than ever before and cannot be explained by natural causes alone. b. Humans more specifically, the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions we generate are the leading cause of the earth’s rapidly changing climate. c. The burning of fossil fuels like coal, oil, and gas for electricity, heat, and transportation is the primary source of natural cause of climate change. d. Activities like agriculture and road construction can change the reflectivity of the earth’s surface, leading to local warming or cooling, too.arrow_forwardWhat evidence is there that variation in atmospheric CO2 concentration islinked to variation in global temperatures? In recent years, the governments of mostcountries of the world have been working hard to develop international agreementsto regulate CO2 emissions. Why are these governments concerned? How might rapidchanges in global temperatures lead to the extinction of large numbers of species?How might changes in global temperatures affect agriculture around the world?arrow_forward
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