Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5.4, Problem 3CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the characteristics of the lysosome discussed in Concept 4.4. Given the internal environment of a lysosome, what transport protein might you expect to see in its membrane?
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Or. Foyez Samar
The volume enclosed by the plasma membrane of plant cells is often much larger the c
corresponding volume in animal cells. The most regsengble explanation for this observation Is that
A) plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells.
B) plant cells have a much more highly convoluted (folded) plasma membrane than animal cens.
C) plant cells contain a large vacuole that reduces the volume of the cytoplasm.
D) animal cells are more spherical, whereas plant cells are elongated.
12 A u
Answer
Structures
Function
Centrioles
1. Composed of proteins and rRNAs
Cytosol
2. Region in prokaryotes contains a chromosome
Golgi complex
3. ring of nine outer microtubule doublets (9+2 axoneme)
Plasma membrane
4. Support the cell and protect against plasmolysis
Ribosome
5. Composed of glycoprotein(s) and involved in transferring material into or out of the cell
Transporters
6. contain hydrolytic enzymes and involved in autophagy
Receptor
7. Composed of microtubules and sweep mucus out of respiratory tract
Peroxisome
8. Controls which material can get in or out of the cell
Nucleoid
9. Contains chromosomes and has nuclear envelope
Cilia
10. Maintain membrane fluidity
11. contains necessary enzymes for that…
Molecular Transport Across Membranes Workshop
How does the cell membrane control movement of materials?
The cellular membrane is critical to the maintenance of homeostasis in living
organisms. The cell membrane separates the cell from the external environment and
plays a critical role in regulating movement of material in and out of the cell.
Additionally, eukaryotic cells are made complex by the presence of internal
membranes that form organelles, so the cells may become specialized. These organelle
membranes create compartments within the cell that can do specific functions.
For this exercise, you will work in groups of four to progress through the activities.
At the end of each activity, one group (chosen at random) will share how they
responded and open the floor for further discussion.
Model 1 - Types of Ions and Molecules in a Cell
Type 4 Molecules
Molecular oxygen (O,):
Туре 1 Ions
Type 2 Molecules
Туре 3 Molecules
Glucose:
Water:
Potassium: K*
OH
0=0 D
Sodium: Na+ +
O-
Urea:…
Chapter 5 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 5.1 - Plasma membrane proteins have carbohydrates...Ch. 5.1 - WHAT IF? How would the membrane lipid composition...Ch. 5.2 - What property allows O2 and CO2, to cross a lipid...Ch. 5.2 - Why is a transport protein needed to move many...Ch. 5.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Aquaporins exclude passage of...Ch. 5.3 - How do you think a cell performing cellular...Ch. 5.3 - WHAT IF? If a Paramecium caudatum cell swims from...Ch. 5.4 - Sodium-potassium pumps help nerve cells establish...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the characteristics of the...
Ch. 5.5 - As a cell grows, its plasma membrane expands. Does...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 5.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS In Concept 4.7, you learned that...Ch. 5.6 - During an epinephrine-initiated signal in liver...Ch. 5.6 - When a signal transduction pathway involves a...Ch. 5.6 - WHAT IF? How can a target cells response to a...Ch. 5 - In what way do the membranes of a eukaryotic cell...Ch. 5 - Which of the following factors would tend to...Ch. 5 - Phosphorylation cascades involving a series of...Ch. 5 - Lipid-soluble signaling molecules, such as...Ch. 5 - Which of the following processes includes all the...Ch. 5 - Based on Figure 5.17.which of these experimental...Ch. 5 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 5 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Extensive...Ch. 5 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Paramecium and other...Ch. 5 - FOCUS ON INTERACTIONS A human pancreatic cell...Ch. 5 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE In the supermarket,...
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- Q. Membrane surface area and cell volume are two physical variables that are relevant in explaining the difference in size and complexity between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Which of the following statements about these variables is correct? The ratio of plasma membrane area to total cell volume increased in early eukaryotes which allowed for greater morphological complexity. The total membrane area dedicated to oxidative phosphorylation is greater in eukaryotes. Although physically smaller, prokaryotic cells have more total cell volume than a typical eukaryotic cell. In prokaryotic cells, the membrane location of ATP synthase is the same as that for glucose import. A. 1,2 and 3 B. 1 and 3 C. 2 and 4 D. 4 only E. All of 1,2,3 and 4 are correctarrow_forwardAnswer Structures Function Centrioles 1. Composed of proteins and rRNAs Cytosol 2. Region in prokaryotes contains a chromosome 3. ring of nine outer microtubule doublets (9+2 axoneme) Plasma membrane 4. Support the cell and protect against plasmolysis Ribosome 5. Composed of glycoprotein(s) and involved in transferring material into or out of the cell Transporters 6. contain hydrolytic enzymes and involved in autophagy Receptor 7. Composed of microtubules and sweep mucus out of respiratory tract 14 Peroxisome 8. Controls which material can get in or out of the cell 2 Nucleoid 9. Contains chromosomes and has nuclear envelope 3 Cilia 10. Maintain membrane fluidity 11. contains…arrow_forward10(a) Draw or explain the structure of the plasma membrane, 10(b) explain how the plasma membrane is able to be selectively permeable 10(c) How do small, lipid-based molecules move through the membrane? 10(d) How do large or polar molecules move through the membrane?arrow_forward
- 1-what are the largest element of the cytoskeleton and can dynamically grow and shrink by the addition or subtraction of tubulin subunits. 2-Many less dynamic, more permanent cellular structures such as the nuclear lamina have (????) as the major cytoskeletal component Microtubules Intermediate filaments Microfilaments 3-when a ligand binds a (????) the conformation of the receptor changes, opening a selective pore. GPCR Ligand gated ion channel Ligandase pore Voltage gated ion channelarrow_forwardWith regard to cytoskeletal structure and function, describe the molecules involved in the transport of vesicles from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membranearrow_forwardProvide a detailed description of the role of "Animal cell organelle #7/Plant cell organelle #15" incells.arrow_forward
- What is an analogy for a smooth endoplasmic reticulum?arrow_forwardMembrane embedded Proteins: A) Why were the membrane embedded proteins important in the appearance of life? B) Why was it important to have a mechanism for the movement of molecules in to and out of the cell? C) Describe the key structure and functional properties of the three types of cell membrane embedded transport proteins.arrow_forwardMultipass transmembrane proteins synthesized by ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum generally have which of the following arrangements of start-transfer and stop-transfer signals? multiple start signals and multiple stop signals (to allow multiple transmembrane regions) multiple start signals, but only one stop signal (to allow only one transmembrane region) only one start signal, but multiple stop signals (to allow only one transmembrane region) only one start signal, and only one stop signal (to allow only one transmembrane region) only one stop signal, and only one start signal (to allow only one transmembrane region)arrow_forward
- From the options shown what proteins types/groups would not be present in vesicles budding from the trans-Golgi network? O proteins destined for the plasma membrane O proteins destined for the peroxisomal matrix O proteins destined for the endosome O proteins destined for the lysosome, O proteins secreted by exocytosisarrow_forwardWhen rhodamine-dyed mouse proteins were first mixed with fluorescein-dyed human proteins (in mouse/human hybrid cell fusions), these proteins appeared to exhibit: restricted movement, based on confinement by diffusion barriers restricted movement, based on tethering to extracellular molecules unrestricted movement, similar to membrane phospholipids restricted movement, based on anchoring to intracellular proteins restricted movement, based on attachment to other cellsarrow_forwardWhen fluorescein-dyed human proteins were first mixed with rhodamine-dyed mouse proteins (in mouse/human hybrid cell fusions carried out in the 1970s), these proteins appeared to exhibit: restricted movement, based on confinement by diffusion barriers restricted movement, based on tethering to extracellular molecules unrestricted movement, similar to membrane phospholipids restricted movement, based on anchoring to intracellular proteins restricted movement, based on attachment to other cellsarrow_forward
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