Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 53, Problem 15TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: The application of Charles Darwin’s four main observations of the natural selection process that are heritable variations among individuals in a population, overproduction of offspring, limits on population growth, and differential reproductive success that tend to fit the concepts of r and K selection.
Introduction: The concept of r and K selection deals with the selection of traits. The concept was proposed by Robert MacArthur and E.O. Wilson in the year 1967.
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In developing his scientific theory of evolution by natural selection, Charles Darwin considered four main observations: heritable variation among individuals in a population, overproduction of offspring, limits on populationgrowth, and differential reproductive success. Compare how these observations may apply to populations that tend to fit the concepts of r selection and K selection
When discussing natural selection and behaviour, we often say that members of a species have certain behavioural traits because those traits are adaptive, in the sense that they increase inclusive fitness relative to alternative forms of those traits that have existed in the past. Instead of emphasizing the adaptiveness of behavioural traits, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on nervous system traits, increasing the prevalence within a population of particular patterns of neural circuitry and neurobiological mechanisms. As an alternative to emphasizing either the behaviour or the nervous system, some biologists describe natural selection as a process that operates on genes; according to this perspective, certain forms of certain genes (ie., particular alleles) increase in prevalence within a population relative to alternative forms of those genes. Which, if any, of these three perspectives on natural selection and behaviour do you think is the most…
Which of the following comparisons between natural and sexual selection between is FALSE?
O Variation underlying traits must have a genetic basis and be heritable under both natural and sexual
selection.
Under sexual selection, fitness is defined in terms of offspring number, whereas under natural selection
offspring number and survuval influence fitness.
Both natural and sexual selection require variation in traits that affect fitness.
Under natural selection, fitness is compared across all individuals within a population, whereas for sexual
selection comparisons of fitness are only relevant among individuals within a given sex (i.e., males only or
females only).
Chapter 53 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 53.1 - Define population density and dispersion, and...Ch. 53.1 - What is the difference between population density...Ch. 53.1 - What are some biological advantages of a clumped...Ch. 53.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 53.2 - Define intrinsic rate of increase and carrying...Ch. 53.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 53.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 53.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 53.3 - Contrast the influences of density-dependent and...Ch. 53.3 - What are three examples of density-dependent...
Ch. 53.3 - What are three density-independent factors?Ch. 53.4 - Contrast semelparous and iteroparous reproduction.Ch. 53.4 - Distinguish among species exhibiting an r...Ch. 53.4 - Prob. 7LOCh. 53.4 - What are the advantages of semelparity? of...Ch. 53.4 - Prob. 2CCh. 53.4 - Prob. 3CCh. 53.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 53.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 53.6 - Prob. 9LOCh. 53.6 - Prob. 10LOCh. 53.6 - Distinguish between people overpopulation and...Ch. 53.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 53.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 53.6 - How can a single child born in the United States...Ch. 53 - Population _______________ is the number of...Ch. 53 - The per capita growth rate of a population where...Ch. 53 - The maximum rate at which a population could...Ch. 53 - When r is a positive number, the population size...Ch. 53 - In a graph of population size versus time, a...Ch. 53 - The largest population that can be maintained by a...Ch. 53 - Giant bamboos live many years without reproducing,...Ch. 53 - Predation, disease, and competition are examples...Ch. 53 - _______________ competition occurs within a...Ch. 53 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 53 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 53 - Which of the following patterns of cars parked...Ch. 53 - Prob. 13TYUCh. 53 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 53 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 53 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 53 - Prob. 17TYUCh. 53 - Prob. 18TYUCh. 53 - Prob. 19TYUCh. 53 - INTERPRET DATA Consider the age structure diagrams...Ch. 53 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In what ways has...
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