Biology
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781259188121
Author: Peter Stiling, Robert Brooker, Linda Graham, Eric Widmaier
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 51.4, Problem 1BC
Summary Introduction
To determine: The reason for the placenta circulation being similar to pulmonary circulation.
Introduction: In mammals, the fetus develops within the body of the mother and the developing fetus extracts all the nutrients from the mother for its growth. The placenta acts as the connecting link between the body of the mother and of the fetus. The blood flowing in the placenta carries the oxygen and nutrients for the fetus.
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Students have asked these similar questions
After fertilization a developing embryos goes through several changes. At about 2-3 days, what is the embryo referred to as?
If cells choose to become trophoblast, they will end up in the placenta. If they choose to become ICM, they will give rise to the 3 germ layers that will make up the rest of the body of the embryo.
Explain what rpocesses or mechanisms will guide them to make the right decision. Do they have a choice?
Yolk sac
(lined with endoderm).
Maternal
blood pool
Amniotic cavity
containing
amniotic fluid
Amnion
Endometrium
Chorion (derived
from blastocyst
cavity membrane)
Allantois
Endoderm layer
becomes:
1) Digestive system
2) Liver
3) Pancreas
4) Lungs (inner layers)
Mesoderm layer
becomes:
1) Circulatory system
Ectoderm layer
becomes:
1) Hair
2) Lungs (epithelial layers)
2) Nails
3) Skeletal system
3) Skin
4) Muscular system
4) Nervous system
Chapter 51 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 51.1 - CoreSKILL How did Paland and Lynch test the...Ch. 51.1 - CoreSKILL Approximately how many times more often...Ch. 51.1 - Prob. 3EQCh. 51.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 51.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 1BCCh. 51.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 51 - Prob. 1TYCh. 51 - Which is considered an advantage of sexual...Ch. 51 - Prob. 3TY
Ch. 51 - Prob. 4TYCh. 51 - Prob. 5TYCh. 51 - Prob. 6TYCh. 51 - A major function of FSH is to a. stimulate the...Ch. 51 - During the human ovarian cycle, ovulation is...Ch. 51 - Prob. 9TYCh. 51 - Prob. 10TYCh. 51 - Prob. 1CQCh. 51 - Prob. 2CQCh. 51 - Prob. 3CQCh. 51 - Define asexual reproduction and give three...Ch. 51 - Describe the events of the ovarian and uterine...
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- A Survey of Human Development from Fertilization to Birth 4. The gestation of a fetus occurs over 9 months and is divided into three trimesters. Describe the major events that occur in each trimester. Is there a point at which the fetus becomes more human?arrow_forwardGastrulation process in human embryo. Please give a detailed one.arrow_forwardThe mother has delivered the placenta. You note that the shiny surface of the placenta was delivered first. What delivery mechanism is this known and is this maternal or baby's surface of the placenta? Schultze mechanism, baby Duncan mechanism baby Duncan mechanism, maternal Schultze mechanism, maternalarrow_forward
- Zygote Embryo Muscle cells Intestinal cells Liver cells Blood cells Nerve cell Cardiac cells (1) Specialization occurs, resulting in the formation of a great variety of cell types. (2) Genes are inserted into the zygote to allow for the formation of different cell types. (3) The expression of genes responsible for the different cell types is controlled by the placenta. (4) The genetic information in the zygote is divided to produce a complete set for each cell typearrow_forwardCritical periods of fetal development Human nutrition starts during pregnancy, the moment the fertilized egg attaches itself to the uterine wall and starts receiving nutrients from the mother. At the placenta, the mother and the embryo exchange nutrients, oxygen and waste. In this way, the embryo receives the nutrition it needs to grow, and allows the mother to handle the processing of waste. The nutrients received by the embryo depend on the nutrients consumed by the mother in her current diet, as well as those in her nutrient reserves. If the mother lacks nutrients, the embryo will lack them as well. Red blood cells, bacteria and large proteins in the mother's blood cannot pass to the embryo, but some potentially dangerous substances can. Alcohol, caffeine, illicit drugs, prescription and over-the-counter medications can cross the placenta barrier and enter the embryo. Environmental pollutants such as mercury, arsenic and lead can cross the placenta barrier too. Some of these…arrow_forwardMost mammals, including humans have alecithal type of egg, which means that there is negligible or no amount of stored yolk in its cytoplasm. How would a developing mammalian embryo get its nourishment?arrow_forward
- Explain why it is so important that the blood of mother and offspring do not mix together in the placenta. List the structural features of the placenta that contribute to efficient exchange and explain why each is important.arrow_forwardWhat is the outer layer of trophoblast termed* Cytotrophoblast Extra-embryonic mesoderm O Syncytiotrophoblast Connecting stalkarrow_forwardState and explain 5 effects of tobacco smoking by a pregnant mother on the foetus development. (400 words) Identify and explain 5 disadvantages of In vitro fertilisation (IVF) as an intervention to have a baby. (400 words) Why is breast feeding in the first 3month of a baby very important? (200 words) Higher animals undergo sexual reproduction despite its complexity, why. Give 5 reasons. (400 words) Describe five changes that occur in a flower after fertilisation. (200 words)arrow_forward
- Ken Doll isn't very smart. He and Barbie are not trying to have a baby. Ken is confused about a few details and asked his friend GI Joe why Barbie became pregnant. "Look, we did the deed on Monday and she didn't ovulate until Thursday. I should have been safe and my 'little swimmers' should have been out of there by then." How should GI Joe explain the necessary information to Ken?arrow_forwardWhich statement does NOT accurately describe somites? series of tissue blocks form the ribs and intercostal muscles paired structures running along either side of the neural tube derived from neural crest tissue on the ventral surface of the embryoarrow_forwardbackground information: The slow block to polyspermy involves a permanent modification of the egg surface, usually through exocytosis of the cortical granules. In the 1970s, Dave Epel carried out experiments that led to the conclusion that a Ca2+ rise in the egg is both necessary and sufficient to trigger cortical granule exoctyosis (CGE). Experiment (b) – Dr. Epel injects a small amount of Ca2+ into unfertilized eggs and observes CGE almost immediately For the experiment above, is it an example of correlation, loss-of-function or gain-of function? Then, indicate the predicted result.arrow_forward
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