A 1.00-kg glider on a horizontal air track is pulled by a string at an angle θ . The taut string runs over a pulley and is attached to a hanging object of mass 0.500 kg as shown in Figure P5.40. (a) Show that the speed v x of the glider and the speed v y of the hanging object are related by v x = uv y , where u = z ( z 2 − h 0 2 ) −1/2 . (b) The glider is released from rest. Show that at that instant the acceleration a x of the glider and the acceleration a y of the hanging object are related by a x = ua y . (c) Find the tension in the string at the instant the glider is released for h 0 = 80.0 cm and θ = 30.0°. Figure P5.40
A 1.00-kg glider on a horizontal air track is pulled by a string at an angle θ . The taut string runs over a pulley and is attached to a hanging object of mass 0.500 kg as shown in Figure P5.40. (a) Show that the speed v x of the glider and the speed v y of the hanging object are related by v x = uv y , where u = z ( z 2 − h 0 2 ) −1/2 . (b) The glider is released from rest. Show that at that instant the acceleration a x of the glider and the acceleration a y of the hanging object are related by a x = ua y . (c) Find the tension in the string at the instant the glider is released for h 0 = 80.0 cm and θ = 30.0°. Figure P5.40
A 1.00-kg glider on a horizontal air track is pulled by a string at an angle θ. The taut string runs over a pulley and is attached to a hanging object of mass 0.500 kg as shown in Figure P5.40. (a) Show that the speed vx of the glider and the speed vy of the hanging object are related by vx = uvy, where u = z(z2 − h02)−1/2. (b) The glider is released from rest. Show that at that instant the acceleration ax of the glider and the acceleration ay of the hanging object are related by ax = uay. (c) Find the tension in the string at the instant the glider is released for h0 = 80.0 cm and θ = 30.0°.
Figure P5.40
(a)
Expert Solution
To determine
The relation between the speed of the glider and the speed of the hanging object.
Answer to Problem 5.76AP
The relation between the speed of the glider and the speed of the hanging object is vx=uvy where u=z(z2−h02)−(12).
Explanation of Solution
The mass of the glider is 1.00kg, the angle between the string and horizontal is θ, the mass of the hanging object is 0.500kg.
The free body diagram of the given case is as shown below.
Figure (1)
Form the above figure (1).
Write the expression for the length of the string using Pythagorean Theorem,
z2=x2+(h0)2
Here, z is the length of string, x is the distance of the glider on the ruler scale and h0 is the string length that is holding the hanging object.
Rearrange the above equation for x.
x=(z2−(h0)2)12
Write the expression for the speed of the glider
vx=dxdt
Here, vx is the speed of the glider.
Substitute (z2−(h0)2)12 for x in the above equation.
vx=ddt((z2−(h0)2)12)=12(z2−(h0)2)−(12)2zdzdt (I)
The term dzdt in the above expression is the rate of the string passing over the pulley.
Write the expression for the speed of the hanging object.
vy=dzdt
Here, vy is the speed of the hanging object.
Substitute vy for dzdt in the equation (1).
vx=12(z2−(h0)2)−(12)2z(vy)=z(z2−(h0)2)−(12)(vy)
Substitute u for z(z2−(h0)2)−(12) in the above equation.
vx=u(vy) (II)
Conclusion:
Therefore, the relation between the speed of the glider and the speed of the hanging object is vx=uvy where u=z(z2−h02)−(12).
(b)
Expert Solution
To determine
The relation between the acceleration of the glider and the speed of the hanging object.
Answer to Problem 5.76AP
The relation between the acceleration of the glider and the speed of the hanging object is ax=uay.
Explanation of Solution
From equation (2), the relation of vx and vy is given as,
vx=u(vy)
Write the expression for the acceleration of the glider
ax=ddtvx
Substitute u(vy) for vx in the above equation.
ax=ddt[u(vy)]=uddt(vy)+vydudt
The initial velocity of the hanging object is zero.
Substitute 0 for vy and ay for ddt(vy) in the above equation.
ax=uay
Here, ay is the acceleration of the hanging object.
Conclusion:
Therefore, the relation between the acceleration of the glider and the speed of the hanging object is ax=uay.
(c)
Expert Solution
To determine
The tension of the string.
Answer to Problem 5.76AP
The tension of the string is 3.56N.
Explanation of Solution
From the free body diagram in figure (1) the net direction in x direction
z=h0sinθ
From part (a) the value of u
u=z(z2−h02)−(12)
Substitute h0sinθ for z in the above equation.
u=h0sinθ((h0sinθ)2−h02)−(12)
Substitute 30.0° for θ and 80.0cm for h0 in the above equation.
A woman at an airport is rolling her suitcase (mass = 20 kg) at an initial velocity of 1 m/s by pulling on a strap at an angle of 30° above the horizontal with a force of 33 N. The woman starts to speed up when she realizes that she is late for her flight. She pulls the suitcase over a distance of 50 m as she walks to her gate. What is the speed of the suitcase when she reaches her gate? (You can neglect friction in this problem. Give your answer in m/s.)
A skateboarder with mass m, = 44 kg is standing at the top of a ramp which is h, = 3.9 m above the ground. The
skateboarder then jumps on his skateboard and descends down the ramp. His speed at the bottom of the ramp is v= 6.7 m/s.
Part (b) The ramp makes an angle e with the ground, where 0 = 30°. Write an expression for the magnitude of the friction force, f,
between the ramp and the skateboarder.
cos(e)
sin(e)
8
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a
5
6
1 2
3
h,
P
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m,
+
Vf
vol BACKSPACE
CLEAR
Part (c) When the skateboarder reaches the bottom of the ramp, he continues moving with the speed vfonto a flat surface covered with
grass. The friction between the grass and the skateboarder brings him to a complete stop after 5.00 m. Calculate the magnitude of the friction force,
Fgras; in newtons, between the skateboarder and the grass.
Fgrazs =
A 1.00-kg glider on a horizontal air track is pulled by a string at an angle θ. The taut string runs over a pulley and is attached to a hanging object of mass 0.500 kg as shown. (a) Show that the speed υx of the glider and the speed υy of the hanging object are related by υx = uυy, where u = z(z2 - h02)-1/2. (b) The glider is released from rest. Show that at that instant the acceleration ax of the glider and the acceleration ay of the hanging object are related byax = uay. (c) Find the tension in the string at the instant the glider is released for h0 = 80.0 cm and θ = 30.0°.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology Update (No access codes included)
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