Prescott's Microbiology
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259281594
Author: Joanne Willey, Linda Sherwood Adjunt Professor Lecturer, Christopher J. Woolverton Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 5, Problem 4CHI
Compare the mechanisms by which most eukaryotic cells acquire nutrients with those used by bacteria and archaea. What are the implications in terms of survival in different habitats and competition between eukaryotic microbes such as protists and bacteria and archaea?
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In the early 1930s, G. F. Gause carried out a series of experiments using two species of ciliated protists (Paramecium), which are single-celled eukaryotic protozoans. The protists were cultured together and separately, with the bacteria being the single food source. The results are shown in the figure below.
(a) Based on figure, identify and explain the interaction that is taking place between P. caudatum and P. aurelia.
(b) Clam shrimp, a natural predator to P. caudatum, is introduced to the culture containing both P. caudatum and P. aurelia after 24 days. Predict the impact that the clam shrimp will have on the culture and the populations. Justify your prediction.
Give examples of free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Are these prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
Log cell numbers
1
Time
a) The generation time for bacteria is usually the same from species to species.
b) In the lag phase, cell death exceeds cell division.
c) Bacteria typically divide by budding, producing a daughter cell that is smaller
than the parental cell.
d) In the death phase, bacterial growth stops because of nutrient depletion and
waste accumulation.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 5.1 - MICRO INQUIRY In addition to separating each...Ch. 5.1 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.1 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply 2. Why is the...Ch. 5.3 - MICRO INQUIRY Which cytoskeletal filament is made...Ch. 5.3 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.3 - Prob. 2RIACh. 5.3 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.4 - MICRO INQUIRY Why must proteins be unfolded when...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.4 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What is a proteasome? Why...
Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.4 - Prob. 4RIACh. 5.4 - Describe the secretory pathway. To what...Ch. 5.4 - Prob. 6RIACh. 5.5 - Prob. 1MICh. 5.5 - MICRO INQUIRY Which subunit attaches to the rough...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 1RIACh. 5.5 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Suggest an explanation for...Ch. 5.5 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.5 - Prob. 4RIACh. 5.6 - Prob. 1MICh. 5.6 - Describe the structure of aerobic mitochondria,...Ch. 5.6 - Prob. 2RIACh. 5.6 - Prob. 3RIACh. 5.7 - Prepare and label a diagram showing the detailed...Ch. 5.7 - Prob. 2RIACh. 5.7 - How do the structure and mechanism of action of...Ch. 5.8 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply Outline the major...Ch. 5.8 - Retrieve, Infer, Apply What characteristics make...Ch. 5 - Discuss the statement: The most obvious difference...Ch. 5 - Bacterial and archaeal cell size is limited by the...Ch. 5 - Prob. 3CHICh. 5 - Compare the mechanisms by which most eukaryotic...Ch. 5 - Prob. 5CHI
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- Which of the following would be an example of a microbial chemoautotroph? A yeast using oxidation/reduction of organic compounds as the energy source and organic compounds as the carbon source. An archaean using oxidation/reduction of inorganic compounds as the energy source and a organic compounds as the carbon source. A cyanobacterium using light as the energy source and CO2 as the carbon source. A bacterium using oxidation/reduction of inorganic compounds as the energy source and CO2 as the carbon source.arrow_forwardName two groups of protists known to cause HABs in marine ecosystems. What hazards do HABs pose for other marine organisms and humans?arrow_forwardExplain how prokaryotic cells obtain nutrients and how thisprocess puts constraints on their size.arrow_forward
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- The organism represented below is multicellular, heterotrophic, and completely aquatic. - Offspring resulting from only the process of mitotic cell division Which other characteristics could be used to descri this organism? A) reproduces in a water habitat and is a producer B) carries out photosynthesis and needs oxygen C) deposits cellular wastes on land and decompos dead organisms D) reproduces asexually and is a consumerarrow_forward What were the earliest forms of life on Earth? What was the energy source for the earliest form of life on earth? What are the earliest records of life on Earth? What is able to grow and thrive under conditions that would kill most other organisms (high/low pH, etc)? What are psychrophiles? Describe radioresistant prokaryotes and their habitat preferences. Who developed postulates to identify disease-causing organisms? What percent of bacteria and archaea cannot be cultured? Describe the viable-but-not-culturable state of prokaryotes. Describe planktonic prokaryotes. Why do biofilms form? What holds biofilms together? Structure of Prokaryotes Describe the nucleoid. Describe conjugation. What happens during binary fission? What are cell walls of prokaryotes primarily composed of? What structure of Archaea is different from other domains of life? What is the Bacteria division into two groups based on? Prokaryotic Metabolism Which macronutrient is…arrow_forwardIn the diagram below, identify the structures of a cyanobacterial cell based on the following descriptions: a) Outer cellular covering which includes: Mucilaginous layer – outermost layer covering the cell wall; protects the cell from harmful factors of the environment Cell wall – found just below the mucilaginous layer; 2 or 3-layered, the inner layer lies in between the outer wall layer and plasma membrane; the outer layer is made of peptidoglycan Innermost plasma membrane – selectively permeable membrane enclosing the cytoplasm b) Cytoplasm – found below the plasma membrane; the protoplasm which contains structures of different shapes and functions. Lamellae, which contain pigments such as chlorophylls, carotenes, xanthophylls, phycoerythrin and phycocyanin, are located in the peripheral region of cytoplasm. Ribosomes may also be found scattered in the cytoplasm. c) Nucleic material – the nucleoplasm that is centrally located in the cell and contains chromatin in the form…arrow_forward
- There are major differences between the bacteria and the archaea but both groups were historically grouped together. i) summarize the similarities between the bacteria and archaea, ii) what are the differences between the two groups that allow us to distinguish them?arrow_forwardWhat is the role of oxygen in aerobic respiration? What type(s) of metabolism can occur in the absence of oxygen? Name two enzymes that are present in obligate aerobes but lacking in obligate anaerobes. What is the function of each enzyme Describe the difference between the appearance of surface and subsurface colonies in a pour plate. If this is the same bacterial species, why do these differences in colonial growth occur?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of a symbiotic pair of organisms? Question 3 options: A) elk and deer B) algae and yeast C) orchid and mycorrhizae D) Escherichia coli and Rhizobiumarrow_forward
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Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells (Updated); Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pxujitlv8wc;License: Standard youtube license