Concept explainers
Interpretation:
The name of element, nuclear symbol,
Concept introduction:
An atom is the smallest unit of matter. This smallest unit exhibits properties of chemical element. An atom consists of three sub-atomic particles such as electrons, protons and neutrons. Electrons are negatively charged, protons are positively charged and neutrons are neutral in nature.
Answer to Problem 25E
The table on completion is shown below.
Name of Element |
Nuclear Symbol | Mass Number | Protons |
Neutrons |
Electrons |
|
Scandium | ||||||
Germanium | ||||||
Tin | ||||||
Chlorine | ||||||
Sodium |
Explanation of Solution
Atomic number is the number of protons. In a neutral atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of electrons. Mass number of a neutral atom is equal to the sum of number of neutrons and number of protons.
An atom is represented as shown below.
Where,
•
•
•
Calculation of number of neutrons is shown below.
Where,
•
•
The table to be filled is given below.
Name of Element |
Nuclear Symbol | Atomic Number | Mass Number | Protons |
Neutrons |
Electrons |
For first row, the number of electrons is equal to number of protons and atomic number that is
Substitute the value of
Therefore, mass number is
For second row, the nuclear symbol is
On comparison with the above stated atomic representation, atomic number of
Substitute the value of
Therefore, the number of neutrons is
For third row, The mass number is
Therefore, the atomic number is
For fourth row, the mass number is
The element is identified as Chlorine with nuclear symbol
For fifth row, the atomic number is
Therefore, the mass number is
The table on completion for the required values on the basis of atomic representation has been rightfully stated above.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 5 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approach
- Fill in the blanks in the table (one column per element).arrow_forwardCriticize each of the following statements: (a) The Rutherford experiment confirmed the presence of electrons in an atom. (b) A period is that segment of the periodic table in which elements are arranged by similar chemical properties. (c) Isotopes have the same mass number. (d) The molecule Be3N2 is triberylium dinitride.arrow_forwardIndicate which subatomic particle (proton, neutron, or electron) correctly matches each of the following phrases. More than one particle can be used as an answer. a. possesses a negative charge b. Has no charge c. has a mass slightly less than that of a neutron d. Has a charge equal to, but opposite in sign from, that of an electronarrow_forward
- Complete the following table. Name Symbol Atomic Number Mass Number Number of Neutrons 817O 8 9 iron 10 20 80244Pu 56 80202Hg cobalt 59 56 919F 28 chromium 26arrow_forwardIt is good practice to actively read the textbook and to try to verify claims that are made when you can. The following claim is made in your textbook: “. . . if the nucleus were the size of a grape, the electrons would be about 1 mile away on average.” Provide mathematical support for this statement.arrow_forwardWhat is the modern view of the structure of the atom?arrow_forward
- Carbon A carbon atom has a mass number of 12 and an atomic number of 6. How many neutrons does it have?arrow_forwardDetermine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the following isotopes that are used in medical diagnoses: atomic number 9, mass number 18, charge of 1 atomic number 43, mass number 99, charge of 7+ atomic number 53, atomic mass number 131, charge of 1 atomic number 81, atomic mass number 201, charge of 1+ Name the elements in parts (a), (b), (c), and (d).arrow_forwardThe number of protons in an atom determines the identity of the atom. What do the number and arrangement of the electrons in an atom determine? What does the number of neutrons in an atom determine?arrow_forward
- Where are neutrons found in an atom? Are neutrons positively charged, negatively charged, or electrically uncharged?arrow_forwardScientists are trying to synthesize elements with more than 114 protons. State the expected atomic number of (a) the newest inert gas. (b) the new element with properties similar to those of the alkaline earth metals. (c) the new element that will behave like the halogens. (d) the new (nontransition) metal whose ion will have a +2 charge. (e) the new element that will start period 8.arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry by OpenStax (2015-05-04)ChemistryISBN:9781938168390Author:Klaus Theopold, Richard H Langley, Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, Mark BlaserPublisher:OpenStax
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: An Atoms First ApproachChemistryISBN:9781305079243Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. ZumdahlPublisher:Cengage LearningWorld of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage Learning