Chapter 5, Problem 141QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given chemical reaction is to be balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}\left(g\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to {\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

The reactant side contains $4$ carbon atoms, $10$ hydrogen atoms, and $2$ oxygen atoms whereas the product side contains $1$ carbon atom, $2$ hydrogen atoms, and $3$ oxygen atoms. Therefore, the given reaction can be balanced by multiplying ${\text{C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}\left(g\right)$ with $2$ , ${\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $13$ , ${\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $8$ , ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$ with $10$ .

${\text{2C}}_4{\text{H}}_{10}\left(g\right)+13{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to 8{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+10{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given chemical reaction is to be balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{OH}\left(l\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to {\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

The reactant side contains $2$ carbon atoms, $6$ hydrogen atoms, and $3$ oxygen atoms whereas the product side contains $1$ carbon atom, $2$ hydrogen atoms, and $3$ oxygen atoms. Therefore, the given reaction can be balanced by multiplying ${\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $3$ , ${\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $2$ , ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$ with $3$ .

${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{OH}\left(l\right)+3{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to 2{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+3{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given chemical reaction is to be balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

${\text{HCO}}_2\text{H}\left(l\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to {\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

The reactant side contains $1$ carbon atom, $2$ hydrogen atoms, and $4$ oxygen atoms whereas the product side contains $1$ carbon atom, $2$ hydrogen atoms, and $3$ oxygen atoms. Therefore, the given reaction can be balanced by multiplying ${\text{HCO}}_2\text{H}\left(l\right)$ with $2$ , ${\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $2$ , ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$ with $2$ .

${\text{2HCO}}_2\text{H}\left(l\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to 2{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+2{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given chemical reaction is to be balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

${\text{C}}_5{\text{H}}_{12}\left(l\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to {\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

The reactant side contains $5$ carbon atoms, $12$ hydrogen atoms, and $2$ oxygen atoms whereas the product side contains $1$ carbon atom, $2$ hydrogen atoms, and $3$ oxygen atoms. Therefore, the given reaction can be balanced by multiplying ${\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $8$ , ${\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $5$ , ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$ with $6$ .

${\text{C}}_5{\text{H}}_{12}\left(l\right)+8{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to 5{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+6{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The given chemical reaction is to be balanced.

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is,

${\text{CH}}_3{\text{OCH}}_3\left(g\right)+{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to {\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$

The reactant side contains $2$ carbon atoms, $6$ hydrogen atoms, and $3$ oxygen atoms whereas the product side contains $1$ carbon atom, $2$ hydrogen atoms, and $3$ oxygen atoms. Therefore, the given reaction can be balanced by multiplying ${\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $3$ , ${\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)$ with $2$ , ${\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$ with $3$ .

${\text{CH}}_3{\text{OCH}}_3\left(g\right)+3{\text{O}}_2\left(g\right)\to 2{\text{CO}}_2\left(g\right)+3{\text{H}}_2\text{O}\left(g\right)$