(a)
Interpretation:
The period in which sulphur is located in periodic table has to be located.
Concept Introduction:
Period: Horizontal rows in periodic table are called periods. In periodic table, seven periods are present, with each one beginning at the far left.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
A modern periodic table is given by
Figure 1
Sulphur belongs to p-block element of periodic table. The outermost electrons present in third shell of the atom. Therefore, sulphur belongs to third period.
(b)
Interpretation:
The complete electron configuration of sulphur has to be written.
Concept Introduction:
Electron configuration: The complete description of the atomic orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom or monoatomic ion is known as its electron configuration.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
Sulphur belongs to p-block element of periodic table. It has
(c)
Interpretation:
The atom of an element involved in given reaction has smallest first ionization energy and smallest radius has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Electron configuration: The complete description of the atomic orbitals occupied by all the electrons in an atom or monoatomic ion is known as its electron configuration.
Atomic radius: It is defined as distance between nucleus of atom and electron present in outermost valence shell of the atom.
(c)
Explanation of Solution
Given,
The smallest first ionization energy of the three atoms is S, and the smallest radius is O atom. According to periodic trends, elements present in far right of periodic table have highest ionization energy and smallest radius.
(d)
Interpretation:
The mass of chlorine needed to form
(d)
Explanation of Solution
Given,
The mass of chlorine needed is
(e)
Interpretation:
The theoretical mass of thionyl chloride has to be calculated.
(e)
Explanation of Solution
Given,
The mass of thionyl chloride formed is
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Chapter 5 Solutions
OWLV2 FOR MOORE/STANITSKI'S CHEMISTRY:
- (1) What is the valence electron configuration for the arsenic atom? (2) What is the valence electron configuration for the fluorine atom?arrow_forward(a) Identify the number of electrons in the ground-state outer shell of atomic oxygen (atomic number 8).(b) How many electrons are in the ground-state outer shell of fluorine?arrow_forwardRubidium and bromine atoms are depicted at right. (a) What monatomic ions do they form? (b) What electronic feature characterizes this pair of ions, and which noble gas are they related to? (c) Which pair best represents the relative ionic sizes?arrow_forward
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- 1.) Which element would have the lowest ionization energy? S, Ge, Al, Ca, Rb 2.) Which equation below illustrates the second ionization energy for sodium A) Na (g) + 2e– → Na–2 (g) B) Na (g) → Na+2 (g) + 2e– C) Na+ (g) →Na+2(g) + e– D) Na+2 (g) + 2e– → Na (g) E) Na (g) → Na+ (g) + e– F) Na (g) + e– → Na– (g)arrow_forwardHow many valence electrons are in each element?(a) Ba (b) Al (c) Be (d) Searrow_forward(a) Why do successive IEs of a given element always increase? (b) When the difference between successive IEs of a given element is exceptionally large (for example, between IE1 and IE2 of K), what do we learn about its electron configuration? (c) The bars represent the relative magnitudes of the first five ionization energies of an atom: Identify the element and write its complete electron config uration, assuming it comes from (a) Period 2; (b) Period 3; (c) Period 4.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning