Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134015187
Author: John E. McMurry, David S. Ballantine, Carl A. Hoeger, Virginia E. Peterson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4.10, Problem 4.20P
Look at the molecular shape of formaldehyde (CH2O) described on page 118, decide whether or not the molecule is polar, and show the direction of net polarity.
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Consider the structure shown below.
он
3
5
CH; O
CH, O
H
CH; O
1 H-N-CH,-C-N-CH;-C-N-CH-C-N-CH-C-N-CH-C-ơ 2
H.
H
H
Fill in the blank with an integer (1, 2, 3, 4, 5..) as shown in the diagram or to represent a specified number.
A hydrophilic side chain is indicated by the number
Identify the following types of biomolecules and label and identify the functional groups
On the diagram above, draw a line across each peptide bond in oligopeptide 3a. Write the single-letter sequence.
On the diagram above, circle all the chiral centres in oligopeptide 3a.
Complete the Table below to indicate, for oligopeptide 3a, the charges on ionisable groups and the net overall charge at pH 7 and at pH 11.
What moieties within oligopeptide 3a are those mainly responsible for the formation of an alpha-helix? Name the process that leads to the unfolding of the alpha helix to yield a random coil.
State and justify, for oligopeptide 3a, which amino acid side chains will be involved in: hydrophilic interactions, hydrophobic interactions, disulphide bridges and salt bridges. In each case, briefly justify your choice.
Chapter 4 Solutions
Fundamentals of General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry (8th Edition)
Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4.1PCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4.2PCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4.3PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.4PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.5PCh. 4.4 - The BF3 molecule can also react with NH3 by...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 4.7PCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.8PCh. 4.7 - Add lone pairs where appropriate to the following...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.10P
Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.11PCh. 4.7 - The molecular model shown here is a representation...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.1CIAPCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.2CIAPCh. 4.7 - Prob. 4.13PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.3CIAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.4CIAPCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.14PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.15PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.16PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.17KCPCh. 4.9 - The elements H, N, O, P, and S are commonly bonded...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 4.19PCh. 4.10 - Look at the molecular shape of formaldehyde (CH2O)...Ch. 4.10 - Prob. 4.21PCh. 4.10 - Prob. 4.22KCPCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.5CIAPCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.6CIAPCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.23PCh. 4.11 - Prob. 4.24PCh. 4 - What is the geometry around the central atom in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.26UKCCh. 4 - The ball-and-stick molecular model shown here is a...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.28UKCCh. 4 - Prob. 4.29UKCCh. 4 - Prob. 4.30UKCCh. 4 - What is a covalent bond, and how does it differ...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.32APCh. 4 - When are multiple bonds formed between atoms and...Ch. 4 - Identify the bonds formed between the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.35APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.36APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.37APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.38APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.39APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.40APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.41APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.42APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.43APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.44APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.45APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.46APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.47APCh. 4 - If a research paper appeared reporting the...Ch. 4 - Consider the following possible structural...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.50APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.51APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.52APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.53APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.54APCh. 4 - Draw a Lewis structure for the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.56APCh. 4 - Ethanol, or grain alcohol, has the formula C2H6O...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.58APCh. 4 - Tetrachloroethylene, C2Cl4, is used commercially...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.60APCh. 4 - The carbonate ion, CO32, contains a double bond....Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.62APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.63APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.64APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.66APCh. 4 - Predict the geometry around each carbon atom in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.68APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.69APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.70APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.71APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.72APCh. 4 - Which of the following bonds are polar? If a bond...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.74APCh. 4 - Based on electronegativity differences, would you...Ch. 4 - Arrange the following molecules in order of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.77APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.78APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.79APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.80APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.81APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.82APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.83APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.84APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.85CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.86CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.87CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.88CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.89CPCh. 4 - The phosphonium ion, PH4+, is formed by reaction...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.91CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.92CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.93CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.94CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.95CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.96CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.97CPCh. 4 - Write Lewis structures for molecules with the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.99CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.100GPCh. 4 - Hydrazine is a substance used to make rocket fuel....Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.102GPCh. 4 - Titanium forms both molecular and ionic compounds...
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- Draw the structures of L-Cysteine from highly protonated to depronated form. Note Structure A as the most protonated form. Provide the charge of each structure. (Answer structure C and D pls)arrow_forwardWhat type of glycosidic bond is shown below, α or β?arrow_forwardAspartic acid has a side chain bearing a carboxylic acid group; its pK, is ~4. The alpha-carboxylic and alpha-amino groups have pk, values similar to those of alanine, - 2 and ~9, respectively. Determine the net charge on an aspartic acid molecule at the following pH values (match each pH to the best choice). pH = 1 [ Choose ] pH = 2 [ Choose ] pH = 4 [ Choose ] pH = 7 [ Choose ] pH = 9 [ Choose ] pH = 13 [ Choose ] > > >arrow_forward
- Draw the structural for the lipid glyceryl tristearate and draw a dotted line about the portion that makes it soluble in nonpolar solvents like cyclohexane. Format BIU ...arrow_forwardDraw a diagram of the histidine side chain in the protonated and unprotonated states. Show the contributing resonance structures and the composite resonance structure for the protonated state.arrow_forwardAspartic acid has a side chain bearing a carboxylic acid group; its pkg is ~4. The alpha-carboxylic and alpha-amino groups have pk, values similar to those of alanine, ~ 2 and ~9, respectively. Determine the net charge on an aspartic acid molecule at the following pH values (match each pH to the best choice). pH = 1 +1 pH = 2 +1 pH = 4 pH = 7 -1 pH = 9 -2 pH = 13 -2 > > >arrow_forward
- Make use of the table below in answering the questions asked: Amino acid pK₁ pK₂ pK, Isoleucine 2.32 9.76 Leucine 2.32 9.74 Lysine 2.16 9.06 10.54 Tyrosine 2.20 9.21 10.46 1. Kindly draw manually the structure of tripeptic ILY at pH 7.00 2. Kindly draw manually the most protonated structure of tripeptide ILYarrow_forwardConsider the tetrapeptide C-A-F-E Draw the structure of the tetrapeptide at pH 1.3. What is its charge at this point? Draw the structure of the tetrapeptide at pH 8.2. What is its charge at this point? Draw the structure of the tetrapeptide with 0 net charges. What is its pL?arrow_forwarddraw all the structures of the tribasic amino acid lysine involved in the equilibrium reactions that would take place during titration against NaOH, starting with the fully protonated form below (draw the R-group in full). H;N+- CH - COOH (CH2)4 NH3+arrow_forward
- Convert each of the following chair conformations to an open-chain from and to a Fischer projection. Name the monosaccharides you have drawn. a) но b) CH2OH но CH2OH но- он но OH OH ноarrow_forwardRefer to the structure of an oligopeptide below: OH но. NH SH Taking note of the component residues, would such a structure as it is drawn above be possible at any pH value? (Yes or No)?arrow_forwardGiven the structures of the saccharides below, encircle and name the glycosidic bonds present. Indicate the orientation (α or β) of each monosaccharide units in the given figures.arrow_forward
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