Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 40, Problem 7TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: Which animal uses the largest fraction of its energy budget for homeostasis.
Introduction:
Homeostatic regulation is a process performed by an animal to maintain its internal environment. An animal maintains a steady state, a relatively constant internal environment, even when the external environment changes significantly.
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An animal’s inputs of energy and materials would exceedits outputs(A) if the animal is an endotherm, which must always take inmore energy because of its high metabolic rate.(B) if it is actively foraging for food.(C) if it is growing and increasing its mass.(D) never; due to homeostasis, these energy and materialbudgets always balance
An ectotherm (a) has a higher rate of enzyme activity than a typical endotherm (b) has a variety of homeostatic mechanisms or regulating body temperature (c) depends on sensors in the hypothalamus to regulate temperature (d) may use behavioral strategies to help adjust body temperature (e) must expend more energy on thermoregulation than an endotherm
What occurs as body size increases in animals ?
there is a decrease in the surface-to-volume ratio.
reproduction becomes limited to terrestrial environments.
there is greater variability in metabolic rate.
migration to tropical areas becomes necessary for thermoregulation.
it becomes more difficult to conserve body warmth in cold environments.
Chapter 40 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 40.1 - What properties do all types of epithelia share?Ch. 40.1 - VISUAL SKILLS Consider the idealized animal in...Ch. 40.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you are standing at the edge of...Ch. 40.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How does negative feedback in...Ch. 40.2 - If you were deciding where to put the thermostat...Ch. 40.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 40.3 - Flowers differ in how much sunlight they absorb....Ch. 40.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40.4 - If a mouse and a small lizard of the same mass...
Ch. 40.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 40.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40 - Prob. 40.1CRCh. 40 - Is it accurate to define homeostasis as a constant...Ch. 40 - Given that humans thermoregulate, explain why your...Ch. 40 - Why do small animals breathe more rapidly than...Ch. 40 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The body...Ch. 40 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 40 - Consider the energy budgets for a human, an...Ch. 40 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 40 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 40 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION In 1847, the German biologist...Ch. 40 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Eastern tent caterpillars...Ch. 40 - SCIENCE. TECHNOLOGY. AND SOCIETY Medical...Ch. 40 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER In a short...Ch. 40 - 13. SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE These macaques...
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- Consider the energy budgets for a human, an elephant, apenguin, a mouse, and a snake. The __________ would have thehighest total annual energy expenditure, and the __________would have the highest energy expenditure per unit mass.(A) elephant; mouse(B) elephant; human(C) mouse; snake(D) penguin; mousearrow_forwarda) In what two ways (molecules) do animals store energy? b) Where is each molecule type stored? c) Which is long-term? d) Which is used first during exercise?arrow_forwardElephant seals do deep dives to forage for food. The energy used by the seals in diving depends on their body composition; for example, fatter seals use less energy to swim to the surface at the end of a dive, allowing them to takelonger, more productive dives. Explain why you’d expect this to be the case.arrow_forward
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- Imagine if mermaids are real. What are their biological and Physical demands (LOCOMOTION, BREATHING, and THERMOREGULATION)?arrow_forwardConsider the following energy demands: basal metabolism, reproduction, thermoregulation, activity, and growth; How should the energy spent toward these demands differ between an endotherm and an ectotherm of the same size?arrow_forwardWhen you exercise, your body depletes oxygen faster. As a result, respiration and depth of breathing increases to take in more oxygen. In addition, your heart rate increases to speed up the delivery of oxygen to your muscles that are exercising. What type of homeostatic mechanism does this represent? a) Positive feedbackb) Negative feedbackc) Feedforwardarrow_forward
- light stimulus Refer to the figure below to answer the question that follows: 40 Bobcat (endotherm) H Enake (netother) 10 10 40 20 30 Ambient temperature (°C) 51. The diagram above shows the body temperature vs ambient temperature for a bobcat and snake. The Despite this extra energy animal that is expending more energy at lower temperatures is the expenditure, the payoff is that a. snake; it can be active during a wide range of temperatures b. bobcat; it can conserve energy c. snake; it can conserve energy d. bobcat; it can be active during a wide range of temperatures snake; it can hide for longer in Mr. vonk's physics room e. Body temperature (°C) 20arrow_forwardThe range of regulated body temperatures in mammals is about 36 to 40°C , while in birds it is slightly higher, 38 to 42°C, close to the limit compatible with life. Why do you imagine birds maintain higher body temperatures thanmammals? Do you think eagles and hummingbirds maintain the same body temperatures? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich of the following would increase the rate of heatexchange between an animal and its environment?(A) feathers or fur(B) vasoconstriction(C) wind blowing across the body surface(D) countercurrent heat exchangerarrow_forward
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