The total volume of each cell using the equation V= 4 3 πr 3 Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The total volume of each cell using the equation V=43πr3

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area of each cell by using the equation A=4πr2

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area/volume ratio of each cell.

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason due to which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

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Quantitative – diffusion time: Consider a spherical, single-celled organism which needs oxygen tosurvive. a. Assume oxygen needs to diffuse from the outside of the cell to its center. Write an equation thatgives the diffusion time in terms of the cell radius. b. The cell has a 4 micron (m) diameter, and diffusion coefficient of oxygen is 1.8 x 10-5 cm2/s inwater (assume diffusion is the same through the cell membrane). How long does it take for oxygento diffuse to the center of the cell? c. Cells typically need key molecules such as oxygen to survive. Diffusion times of oxygen can limithow big cells can become. If the cell gets too large for oxygen to reach its center, the cell coulddie. Calculate the size of a cell at which oxygen diffusion time becomes too slow and so limits theability of the cell to get that big. Explain your assumptions. How does this compare to typical cellsizes?

(a) If you were to magnify a cell 10,000-fold (typical of the magnification achievedusing an electron microscope), how big would it appear? Assume you are viewing a“typical” eukaryotic cell with a cellular diameter of 50 μm.(b) If this cell were a muscle cell (myocyte), how many molecules of actin could ithold? Assume the cell is spherical and no other cellular components are present; actinmolecules are spherical, with a diameter of 3.6 nm. (c) If this were a liver cell (hepatocyte) of the same dimensions, how manymitochondria could it hold? Assume the cell is spherical; no other cellular components arepresent; and the mitochondria are spherical, with a diameter of 1.5 μm

;, Consider a spherical cell at body temperature (37°C) that is 10 µm in radius. The concentration of ions inside and outside the cell are given below. Sodium and potassium are the only permeant ions, and the membrane contains proteins that pump in 3 sodium ions for every 2 potassium ions pumped out. [Na*] = ? [K*] = 119mM [Ci] = 8mM [A] = 121mM [Na*] = 120mM [K*] = ? [Cr] = 125MM [glu] = ? (a) Suppose the cell is in osmotic equilibrium, find the 3 unknown concentrations. (b) Suppose the membrane conductance to sodium is 5% that to potassium, find the resting membrane potential via circuit analysis. (c) What would the resting potential be if the membrane were instead permeable only to chloride ions? (d) Suppose the cell was suddenly placed in distilled water, what would happen to it? And, how much external pressure (positive or negative) would be needed to prevent this from happening?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The total volume of each cell using the equation V=43πr3

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area of each cell by using the equation A=4πr2

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area/volume ratio of each cell.

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason due to which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The total volume of each cell using the equation V=43πr3

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area of each cell by using the equation A=4πr2

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area/volume ratio of each cell.

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason due to which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The total volume of each cell using the equation V=43πr3

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area of each cell by using the equation A=4πr2

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area/volume ratio of each cell.

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason due to which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

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Answer 5

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The total volume of each cell using the equation V=43πr3

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area of each cell by using the equation A=4πr2

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area/volume ratio of each cell.

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason due to which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 6

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The total volume of each cell using the equation V=43πr3

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 7

Chapter 4, Problem 4.2PS

(a)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The total volume of each cell using the equation V=43πr3

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 8

(b)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area of each cell by using the equation A=4πr2

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 9

(b)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area of each cell by using the equation A=4πr2

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 10

(c)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area/volume ratio of each cell.

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 11

(c)

Summary Introduction

To calculate: The surface area/volume ratio of each cell.

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 12

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 13

(d)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The way in which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 14

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason due to which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 15

(e)

Summary Introduction

To determine: The reason due to which the surface area/volume ratio for a cell change as the cell increases in size

Introduction: Cell is the basic “fundamental unit” of life. Cells can either be unicellular or multicellular. The organism with one cell is a unicellular organism, whereas the organisms with more than one cell are termed as multicellular organisms. There are various types of cell on the basis of shape and size such as red blood cells (circular), muscle cells (spindle-shaped) and so on.

Answer 16

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Answer 17

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Answer 18

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Answer 19

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