Chemistry
Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780393919370
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert
Publisher: NORTON
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.127AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The balanced equation for the tarnishing of Ag with H2S is to be written. The oxidation numbers of the reactants and products are to be assigned. The number of electrons transferred per mole of silver is to be calculated. The balance equation of Ag2S with Al metal, sodium bicarbonate and water is to be written.

Concept introduction: Oxidation number is defined as the charge present on ions. When an atom forms a chemical bond with another atom, the number of electrons that an atom gain or loses is the oxidation number. It is also known as oxidation state.

The chemical equation is said to be balanced when the number of atoms on the reactant side is equal to the number of atom on the product side.

To determine: The balanced equation for the tarnishing of Ag with H2S , the oxidation numbers of the reactants and products are to be assigned and the number of electrons transferred per mole of silver.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4.127AP

Solution

The balanced equation for the tarnishing of Ag with H2S is,

2Ag(s)+H2S(g)Ag2S(s)+H2(g)

In the reactant side oxidation number of pure element that is Ag is 0_ and  the common oxidation number of hydrogen is +1_ .

In the product side oxidation number of Ag in Ag2S is +1_ , oxidation state of sulfur is -2_ and oxidation number of hydrogen in molecular hydrogen is 0_ .

The number of electrons transferred per mole of silver is 1mole_ .s

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

When Ag reacts with H2S then tarnishing of Ag takes place that leads to the formation of Ag2S as a product. The reaction that takes place is,

Ag(s)+H2S(g)Ag2S(s)+H2(g)

To balance the above reaction the coefficient 2 is placed in front of silver atom on the reactant side. The balanced equation thus obtained is,

2Ag(s)+H2S(g)Ag2S(s)+H2(g)

In the reactant side, the oxidation number of pure element that is Ag is 0_ .

The oxidation state hydrogen is usually +1 .

The oxidation number of S in H2S is assumed to be x and is calculated by using the formula,

Charge on H2S=[(Number ofSatoms×oxidation number of S)+(Number of H atoms×oxidation number of H)]

The charge on H2S is 0 .

Substitute the value of the number of atoms and their oxidation number in the above formula to calculate the oxidation number of sulfur.

Charge on H2S=[(2×(1))+(x)]0=[(2)+x]x=-2_

Thus, the oxidation number of S in H2S is -2_ .

In the product side, the oxidation number of hydrogen in molecular hydrogen is 0_ .

The oxidation number of sulfur in Ag2S is 2 .

The oxidation number of Ag in Ag2S is assumed to be x and is calculated by using the formula,

Charge on Ag2S=[(Number ofSatoms×oxidation number of S)+(Number of Agatoms×oxidation number of Ag)]

The charge on Ag2S is 0 .

Substitute the number of atoms and their oxidation number in the above formula to calculate the oxidation number of sulfur.

Charge on Ag2S=[(2×(x))+(2)]0=[(2)+2x]x=+1_

Thus, the oxidation number of Ag in Ag2S is +1_ .

Therefore, in the reactant side oxidation number of pure element that is Ag is 0_ and the common oxidation number of hydrogen is +1_ .

In the product side oxidation number of Ag in Ag2S is +1_ , oxidation state of sulfur is -2_ and oxidation number of hydrogen in molecular hydrogen is 0_ .

The reaction corresponding to the oxidation of Ag to Ag+ ion is,

2Ag(s)+H2S(g)Ag2S(s)+H2(g)

In the above reaction oxidation of silver is represented as,

AgAg+

This reaction shows that in the process of oxidation, the Ag atom loses one electron which indicates that only 1mole_ of electrons will be transferred per mole of silver.

Hence, the number of electrons transferred per mole of silver is 1mole_ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The balanced equation for the reaction of Ag2S with Al metal, sodium bicarbonate and water.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4.127AP

The balanced equation for the reaction of Ag2S with Al metal, sodium bicarbonate and water is,

3Ag2S(s)+4Al(s)+12H2O(l)6Ag(s)+3H2S(g)+3H2(g)+4Al(OH)3

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The unbalanced equation of Ag2S with Al metal, sodium bicarbonate and water is,

Ag2S(s)+Al(s)+H2O(l)Ag(s)+H2S(g)+H2(g)+Al(OH)3

The number of oxygen atoms on both the sides are balanced by adding the coefficient 12 in front of the water molecule on the reactant side and coefficient 4 is placed in front of Al(OH)3 . Thus equation thus obtained is,

Ag2S(s)+Al(s)+12H2O(l)Ag(s)+H2S(g)+H2(g)+4Al(OH)3

Now the number of hydrogen atoms is balanced by adding the coefficient 3 in front of H2S and H2 on the product side of the reaction. The equation thus obtained is,

Ag2S(s)+Al(s)+12H2O(l)Ag(s)+3H2S(g)+3H2(g)+4Al(OH)3

To balance the Al atoms, the coefficient 4 is placed in front of Al on the reactant side of the equation. The equation thus obtained is,

Ag2S(s)+4Al(s)+12H2O(l)Ag(s)+3H2S(g)+3H2(g)+4Al(OH)3

The sulfur atoms are balanced by adding the coefficient 3 in front of Ag2S on the reactant side of the equation. The equation thus obtained is,

3Ag2S(s)+4Al(s)+12H2O(l)Ag(s)+3H2S(g)+3H2(g)+4Al(OH)3

Lastly, the silver atoms are balanced by adding the coefficient 6 in front of Ag on the product side. The balanced chemical equation obtained is,

3Ag2S(s)+4Al(s)+12H2O(l)6Ag(s)+3H2S(g)+3H2(g)+4Al(OH)3

Conclusion

  1. a) The balanced equation for the tarnishing of Ag with H2S is,

    2Ag(s)+H2S(g)Ag2S(s)+H2(g)

  2. b) The balanced equation for the reaction of Ag2S with Al metal, sodium bicarbonate and water is,

    3Ag2S(s)+4Al(s)+12H2O(l)6Ag(s)+3H2S(g)+3H2(g)+4Al(OH)3

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Chapter 4 Solutions

Chemistry

Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 11PECh. 4.7 - Prob. 12PECh. 4.7 - Prob. 13PECh. 4.7 - Prob. 14PECh. 4.7 - Prob. 15PECh. 4.9 - Prob. 16PECh. 4.9 - Prob. 17PECh. 4 - Prob. 4.1VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.4VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.5VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.6VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.7VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.8VPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.9QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.10QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.11QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.12QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.13QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.15QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.16QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.17QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.18QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.19QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.20QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.21QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.22QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.23QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.24QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.25QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.26QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.27QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.28QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.29QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.30QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.31QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.32QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.33QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.34QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.35QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.36QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.37QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.38QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.39QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.40QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.41QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.42QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.43QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.44QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.45QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.46QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.47QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.48QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.49QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.50QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.51QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.52QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.53QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.54QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.55QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.56QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.57QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.58QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.59QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.60QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.61QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.62QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.63QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.64QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.65QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.66QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.67QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.68QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.69QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.70QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.71QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.72QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.73QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.74QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.75QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.76QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.77QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.78QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.79QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.80QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.81QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.82QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.83QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.84QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.85QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.86QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.87QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.88QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.89QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.90QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.91QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.92QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.93QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.94QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.95QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.96QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.97QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.98QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.99QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.100QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.101QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.102QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.103QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.104QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.105QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.106QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.107QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.108QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.109QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.110QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.111QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.112QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.113QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.114QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.115QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.116QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.117QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.118QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.119QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.120QPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.122APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.123APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.124APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.125APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.126APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.127APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.128APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.129APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.130APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.131APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.132APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.133APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.134APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.135APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.136APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.137APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.138APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.139APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.140APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.141APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.142APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.143APCh. 4 - Prob. 4.144AP
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