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Using a simple particle-in-a-box model for the multiple bonding in 1,2-butadiene (see Example 4.7) and the
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Principles of Modern Chemistry
- 2) The ionization energy of potassium is 4.34 eV; the electron affinity of iodine is 3.06 eV. At what separation distance will the KI molecule gain enough Coulomb energy to overcome the energy needed to form the K+ and I ions?arrow_forwardFor each of the statements below, indicate whether it is true or false and explain your reasoning. (1 sentence ) 1/ It takes more energy to ionize an electron from the 2s orbital than an electron from the 2p orbital in the Li2+ ion. 2/ The electron affinity of the Ne atom is larger than the electron affinity of the F atom. 3/ K* has a larger radius than Ar. 4/ For a diatomic molecule, in which the internuclear axis is the z-axis, the 3dz? orbital cannot mix with the 2px orbital. 5/ The internuclear distance of O2 increases as it takes an additional electron to become O2".arrow_forwardPart A Calculate the energy levels for J = 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 for a ¹2C¹6 O molecule that has a bond length of 112.8 pm if it rotates freely in three dimensions. The isotopic mass of ¹2C atom is 12.0000 amu and the isotopic mass of 160 atom is 15.9949 amu. Express your answers in joules to three significant figures separated by commas. E = Submit ΑΣΦ Previous Answers Request Answer Jarrow_forward
- Which of the following transitions between terms are allowed in the electronic emission spectrum of a many-electron atom: (i) 3D2 → 3P1, (ii) 3P2 → 1S0, (iii) 3F4 → 3D3?arrow_forward2. Electrons in molecules can be found in orbitals that extend over more than one atom. Consider one electron that is confined in a molecular orbital that extends over 8 adjacent carbon atoms. The electron can move freely between the 8 atoms. a) Using the one-dimensional particle-in-the-box model, calculate the energy required to promote an electron from the n = 2 to the n = 5 level. The length of the box is determined by the C-C bond distance, which is 139 pm.Note: The following information may or may not be useful. ?? = ?2ℎ28???2 Planck's constant = 6.626 x 10-34 J·s; Mass of Electron = 9.109 x 10-28 g; Rydberg constant = 1.097 x 107 m-1; Speed of Light = 2.998 x 108 m·s-1 b) What frequency of light would cause this excitation?c) Now imagine a straight chain of 2000 carbon atoms. Assume that the orbital extends over the entire chain and repeat the calculation for the required energy to promote an electron from the n = 2 to n = 5 level. d) Would you expect…arrow_forwardGive the ground-state electron configurations of (i) XeF, (ii) PN, and (iii) SO−.arrow_forward
- 5. (a) Use the hydrogen-like model z2 (in eV) En --13.6 to calculate the total energy of the three electrons of lithium (Li), which has the electron configuration: 1s? 2s'. The three ionization energies for Li(g) are: IE, = 5.392 ev; IE2 = 75.64 eV; IE = 122.5 ev. With the help of Koopman's theorem, what is the total energy of ropulsion between lithium's three electrons (in kJ mol')?arrow_forwardThe nucleus of a boron-11 atom has a spin (s) quantum number of 3/2. Calculate the magnitude of the spin vector as well as the possible values it can take for the z-component of the spin vector? Is boron-11 a boson or fermion?arrow_forwardWrite the complete ground-state electron configuration of Pb²⁺, Pb⁴⁺, Ru³⁺. For multi-digit superscripts or coefficients, use each number in succession. Using: 1 2 3 4 5 6 s p d f ☐¹ ☐² ☐³ ☐⁴ ☐⁵ ☐⁶ ☐⁷ ☐⁸ ☐⁹ ☐⁰arrow_forward
- You have the excited states of He with the configuration 2p1 3p1, in which the two electrons have different principal quantum numbers. The electrons are coupled by a Russell-Saunders spin-orbit coupling term in the Hamiltonian, § ' Ľ · S, where § ' is a positive constant. 1. What are the possible term symbols for the energy eigenstate states associated with this He configuration? Show your work.arrow_forwardUsing photoelectron spectroscopy, the ionization energy of the least tightly bound valence electron on P was determined to be 10.5 eV. Calculate the Zeffective for this electron.arrow_forwardThe pi electrons in an eight-carbon polyene (CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH-CH=CH2) can be modeled as a one-dimensional particle in a box of length 1nm. a. What are the values of the quantum number n for the highest occupied (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied (LUMO) energy level based on the number of pi electrons in this molecule? HOMO n= LUMO n= b. Predict the wavelength of light that would be absorbed in order to induce an electronic transition between the HOMO-LUMO gap. In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum would this transition fall? ΔΕ = λ =arrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning