In Betty crocker’s Cookbook, it is stated that it takes 5 h to roast a 14-lb stuffed turkey initially at 40°F in an oven maintained at 325°F. It is recommended that a meat thermometer be used to monitor the cooking, and the turkey is considered done when the thennoineter inserted deep into the thickest part of the breast or thigh without touching the bone registers 185°F. The turkey can be treated as a homogeneous spherical object with the properties
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Heat and Mass Transfer: Fundamentals and Applications
- a tray of liquid water is placed in a freezer where it cools from 20 deg C to "-5" deg C. what is the total amount of energy needed to freeze per unit of liquid water? the specific heat of ice is half of the specific heat of liquid water. the latent heat of fusion for water is 335 kj/kg include diagramarrow_forwardOn a 5 day wilderness expedition you'll need to heat 3.0kg of water to the boiling point each day. The air temperature will average 25°C. You have available canisters of compressed propane C3H8 fuel, which you'll burn to heat the water. Each canister has 100.g of propane in it. What is the minimum number of fuel canisters you must bring? The standard heat of formation of propane at 25°C is −103.85/kJmol.arrow_forwardA long aluminum cylinder (p= 170 lbm/ft3, c= 0.22 Btu/lbm F, k = 140 Btu/h ft F) has a diameter of 3 inches. It initially has a uniform temperature of 600 F. It is suddenly quenched in a water bath for 2 min. The water bath is at 120 F and the convective coefficient is 100 Btu/h ft² F. What is the temperature of the cylinder when it leaves the water bath?arrow_forward
- Using Newton's law of cooling answer the following:arrow_forwardDetermine the heat absorbed, when 1 mol of carbon monoxide gas is heated from 212.4 K to 437.2 K. The relationship for the heat capacity at constant pressure in J mol-1 K-1 is Cp = a + bT + cT2, with a = 25, b = 7.0 x 10^-3, and c = -8 x 10^-7arrow_forwardAn electric immersion heater is put into a sample of water of mass m. The water is heated from its initial temperature T; (approximately room temperature) to a final temperature T; (less than 100°C) while the heater itself maintains a constant temperature To. The specific heat of water, c, remains constant throughout the process, and any heat transfer to the container and the environment is negligible. a. Can the temperature of the heater be compared to the final temperature of the water? If not, why not? If so, is To greater than, less than, or equal to Tf? Explain. b. In terms of the given quantities (m, c, T;, Tf, To) determine expressions for the entropy change of the water and the heater. С. Determine whether this process is reversible by analyzing the sign of the entropy change for the heater-and-water system. d. Explain conceptually in terms of the 2nd law why your result about reversibility from part (c) is correct.arrow_forward
- In determining the average rate of heating of a tank of 20% sugar syrup, thetemperature at the beginning was 20°C and it took 30 min to heat to 80°C. Thevolume of the sugar syrup was 50 ft3 and its density 66.9 lb/ft3. The specific heat ofthe sugar syrup is 0.9 Btu lb-1°F-1.(a) Convert the specific heat to kJ kg-1°C-1.(b) Determine the rate of heating, that is the heat energy transferred in unit time, in SI units (kJ s-1)arrow_forwardTolits is working on a restaurant famous for its bulalo soup. His end of shift is 5:00 pm and needs to go home by that time to pick up his wife, Marites for their anniversary date. A customer made a reservation at 5:15 pm and wants his bulalo soup to be ready at that exact time. To ensure the quality of the soup, it should be served at a temperature which is exactly 88°C. Tolits needs to prepare the bulalo before the end of his shift. Initially, as Tolits is preparing the bulalo soup, its temperature is 23°C and placed on a pan heated at 154° C. After 5 minutes, its temperature is 33°C. The bulalo soup is done (cooked) once its temperature is 120°C. Tolits found out that cooling it in a sink full of cold water, while the faucet is running with the water resulting to roughly constant temperature of 25° C, could bring the temperature of the bulalo to 88° C to be ready at 5:15 pm. How many minutes before the end of the shift of Tolits should he start cooking bulalo so that he is done…arrow_forwardConsider a heat engine with a piston chamber that has a diameter of 30 mm, a cold reservoir at 285 K and hot reservoir at 350 K. It is also equipped with a metal can cylinder that has a volume of 0.0002 m3. How many moles of air are present in the system if the metal cylinder is in the cold tank and the measured pressure and the total air volume are 104160 and 0.00015 m3, respectively?arrow_forward
- A compact device containing 1 m³ nitrogen gas with 300 kpa pressure and a temperature of 30°c. A heating element is embedded in the cylinders in which a current is 3A and 220 v tension run for 10 minutes. As the warming of nitrogen expands until the pressure reaches constant and the release of kalor to an environment of 5,000 j. what is the current temperature of nitrogen.arrow_forwardWet material containing 215% moisture (dry basis) is to be dried at the rate of 1.5 kg/s in a continuous dryer to give a product containing 5% moisture (wet basis). The drying medium consists of air heated at 373 K and containing water vapor equivalent to a partial pressure of 1.40 kPa. The air leaves the dryer at 310 K and 70% saturated. Calculate how much air will be required to remove the moisture. Answer: ma = 49.48 kg/sarrow_forwardThe following observations were recorded during a boiler trial of 1 hr duration. 700 kg of coal of calorific value 30,000 kJ/kg is used to produce 5,250 kg of steam at a pressure of 12 bar. Dryness fraction of steam is 94%. Temperature of steam leaving the superheater is 250°C and temperature of hot well is 45°C. Calculate: (i) Equivalent evaporation. (ii) Thermal efficiency of boiler.arrow_forward
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