Stars and Galaxies
Stars and Galaxies
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305120785
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 4, Problem 11P
To determine

The angular diameter of Mars when it is closer to Earth.

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Galileo's telescopes were not of high quality by modern standards. He was able to see the moons of Jupiter, but he never reported seeing features on Mars. Use the small-angle formula to find the angular diameter of Mars when it is closest to Earth. How does that compare with the maximum angular diameter of Jupiter? (Assume circular orbits with radii equal to the average distance from the Sun. Using the following distances from the Sun: Mars is 228 million km, Jupiter is 778 million km, and Earth is 150 million km. The radius of Mars is 3396 km. The radius of Jupiter is 71,492 km.) angular diameter of Mars =  (           )seconds of arc angular diameter of Jupiter =(          )seconds of arc ratio of angular diameters (Jupiter/Mars) = (          )
I. Directions: Complete the given table by finding the ratio of the planet's time of revolution to its radius. Average Radius of Orbit Times of Planet R3 T2 T?/R3 Revolution Mercury 5.7869 x 1010 7.605 x 106 Venus 1.081 x 1011 1.941 x 107 Earth 1.496 x 1011 3.156 x 107 1. What pattern do you observe in the last column of data? Which law of Kepler's does this seem to support? II. Solve the given problems. Write your solution on the space provided before each number. 1. You wish to put a 1000-kg satellite into a circular orbit 300 km above the earth's surface. Find the following: a) Speed b) Period c) Radial Acceleration Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer: Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer: Given: Unknown: Formula: Solution: Answer:
Imagine you grew up on Mars, whose semi-major axis is 1.5 AU.  In observing the planets over your lifetime from the Martian surface, what is the largest angular separation you would see between the Earth and the Sun?  Take the orbits of the Earth and Mars to be circular.
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