Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
18th Edition
ISBN: 9781260411140
Author: Cleveland P Hickman Jr. Emeritus, Susan L. Keen, David J Eisenhour Professor PhD, Allan Larson, Helen I'Anson Associate Professor of Biology
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 38, Problem 20RQ
What do paleontological studies show about the relationship between the geographic range of a species and its probability of undergoing
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Chapter 38 Solutions
Loose Leaf For Integrated Principles Of Zoology
Ch. 38 - The term ecology is derived from the Greek meaning...Ch. 38 - Prob. 2RQCh. 38 - Prob. 3RQCh. 38 - Define the niche concept. How does the realized...Ch. 38 - Populations of independently living (unitary)...Ch. 38 - Prob. 6RQCh. 38 - Contrast exponential and logistic (= sigmoid)...Ch. 38 - Growth of a population can be hindered by either...Ch. 38 - Herbivory is beneficial for the animal (+) but...Ch. 38 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 38 - Define predation. How does the predator-prey...Ch. 38 - Prob. 12RQCh. 38 - Prob. 13RQCh. 38 - What is a trophic level, and how does it relate to...Ch. 38 - Define productivity as the word is used in...Ch. 38 - Prob. 16RQCh. 38 - What conditions produce an inverted pyramid of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 18RQCh. 38 - Prob. 19RQCh. 38 - What do paleontological studies show about the...Ch. 38 - Prob. 1FFT
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- Ecologists use a rank-abundance curve to display relative species abundance, which is a component of biodiversity. It can also be used to demonstrate species richness and evenness. Figure 1 shows the rank- abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two aquatic habitats in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera). Pollution of streams, on the other hand, reduces the diversity of Trichoptera and several other groups of stream insects, reducing both species richness and species diversity. Interpret why those happened. These rank-abundance curves show that the mountain stream caddisfly community has higher species richness and greater species evenness. 0.1 - Mountain stream 0.01 Greater richness and species evenness 0,001 Coastal ponds 0.0001 20 40 60 80 Abundance rank Figure 1: Rank-abundance curve for caddisflies (Order Trichoptera) of two aquatic habitats in northern Portugal (data from L.S.W. Tera). Proportional abundancearrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between extinction, its impact on biodiversity, and ecosystems? When a species becomes extinct, the vacancy of that species allows another species to invade and transform the ecosystem so there is no longer biodiversity, which allows the ecosystem to flourish. The extinction of plants and animals leaves a vacancy in the biodiversity of the ecosystem, which can cause the ecosystem to collapse. The extinct plants and animals can come back as a different species, creating more biodiversity within the ecosystem. The extinction of plants and animals does not have an impact on the biodiversity of an ecosystem.arrow_forwardSpecies have come and gone in response to changing global climates during the history of the earth. Some of the mass extinctions of the past have resulted in the deaths of over 90% of existing species. What do these biological changes suggest about the long-term stability of the species composition of climax communities?arrow_forward
- In 2011, approximately 23% (1138) of mammal species and 12% (1253) of bird species were globally threatened. These two groups have been thoroughly studied. The case with other groups of organisms is not well known. A large number of the threatened species are concentrated in tropical rain forest habitats, where biodiversity is high. Which of the following data options could be used to determine the cause of biodiversity decline in tropical habitats?arrow_forwardWhich of the following statement is incorrect about the two broad classes of explanation of interspecific distribution abundance relationships? (a) The first class postulates the existence of a positive feedback between local abundance and the regional distribution of a species. (b) Species that occur in large number across many localities will be more likely to maintain their wide distribution and high abundance. (c) Consequence of positive feedback is that there is no dichotomy. (d) The consequence of positive feedback is that there is dichotomy, species will be either widespread or abundant or they will be restricted and scarce. This division helps in the knowledge and in turn helps to categorize them accordingly as restricted or widespread species.arrow_forwardExplain the following in a detailed manner. 1. Why is it some certain species can be able to survive while others are eliminated or go extinct? 2. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome is a disease caused by the founder effect under genetic drift. Given that fact, what significant role does migration play in the genetic evolution of certain species? 3. What are the long-term implications of macroevolution to biodiversity?arrow_forward
- How does the reduced genetic diversity of small populations make them more vulnerable to extinction?arrow_forwardYou are comparing species diversity between four different habitats: which of the following habitats is the most diverse? Habitat A has 15 species total, with approximately equal representation across all species Habitat B has 15 species total, and is dominated by two of its fifteen species Habitat C has 3 species total, with approximately equal representation across all species Habitat D has 3 species total, and is dominated by one of its three species Habitats A and B are equally diversearrow_forwardWhat kinds of characteristics make species especially likely to go extinct?arrow_forward
- Allan Pounds and Kevin Anchukaitis both think only one factor - either climate change or an El Nino event - killed the golden toad. However, might they both be right? Could it be that the dry conditions created by the El Nino event were worsened by underlying climate change effects, so that El Nino and climate change together caused the extinction of the golden toad in Monteverde? Yes, the El Nino event in combination with climate change could have led to the extinction of the golden toad. Multiple factors can influence species' extinction. O No, only one factor - either climate change or El Nino - acting alone killed the golden toad. Species are only ever affected by one environmental factor, never by multiple factors.arrow_forwardThe Ministry of the Environment (MMA) asks you to evaluate the effect of anthropogenic activity on the biodiversity of mammals in the foothills of the Central Zone in the last 20 years, which is known to be associated with significant habitat fragmentation. .Based on this information:a) Indicate 2 indicators of diversity indicating the change that you would expect to observe in them between the years 2000 and 2020. Give reasons for your answer.b) Draw the rarefaction curves that you would expect to obtain for the community in the study area in the year 2000 and in the year 2020.c) Indicate and explain 2 effects that you would expect to find on mammalian biodiversity by the year 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.arrow_forwardIs the species a generalist or a specialist and how does this niche impact the species of the wild. The giant panda, native to China, and the raccoon, native to North America, share a common ancestor. However, their current status in the wild is anything but common.arrow_forward
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